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Engineering and Mining Geophysics 2019 15th Conference and Exhibition
- Conference date: April 22-26, 2019
- Location: Gelendzhik, Russia
- Published: 16 April 2019
41 - 60 of 110 results
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Particular Features of Wave-Field Forming in the Process of Ice Wall Fencing Study at the Mine Shaft by the Borehole Seismic Methods
Authors A.V. Chugaev, A.V. Pugin, V.P. Lisin and S.A. TarakanovSummaryThe ice wall fencing method is applied during construction of shafts and tunnels in water-encroached sediments. The process of this formation is controlled by the number of physical methods, including those of seismoacoustics. The particular features of crosshole wave-field in the process of ice wall forming has been considered. The borehole sparker is used as a source. The quantitative estimation method of the ice wall thickness, as well as shaft full freeze control, have been proposed.
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Creating Samples of Porous Media of Glass Beads for Geophysical Modeling of Filtration Processes
Authors E. Marfin, A. Abdrashitov and A. GalimzyanovaSummaryThe paper presents the results of physical modeling of rocks in the form of synthetic porous media. The created samples were obtained by sintering microscopic glass beads in a muffle furnace. The effect of temperature on the sintering of glass beads of different sizes was studied. It was established experimentally that in the temperature range from 700 to 750 ° C, samples of porous media with a porosity of from 3 to 40% can be obtained.
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Analysis of Natural and Techno-Natural Processes at the Facilities of the Transport Infrastructure of the Taryn Hub
Authors E. Nugmanova, I. Savintsev, I. Koroleva and I. PetrovaSummaryDue to the high level of economic development of the Far East (Yakutia) regions with complex engineering and geological conditions - the construction of linear structures and infrastructure was intensified within various permafrost development areas. The geological environment in such territories is extremely vulnerable and unstable to anthropogenic influences and in the entire history of development undergoes serious changes. What requires preliminary studies - forecasts, on the basis of which measures will be developed to prevent their active development. As part of the engineering and geological surveys, for the conditions considered, a forecast was made for the activation of natural-technical processes within the projected road route – a well-proven mapping method. The spatial part of the forecast was to assess the likelihood of natural-technical processes at extended linear objects crossing different landscape levels with complex engineering and geological conditions, and was presented on the map as zoning of the territory according to the degree of infestation by the predicted process in selected gradations of the infestation coefficient. Methodically, the construction of a forecast map of engineeringgeological zoning according to the incidence rate began with the decoding of aerial and space images, on the basis of which the types and types of natural processes developed at the site of design were distinguished. Next, the visual binding of the processes and their study were performed. Due to the fact that a significant amount of underground ice was developed at the site, the method of vertical electrical sounding (VES) was used for their contouring. As a result of integrating the methods, the geotechnical conditions of the highway were studied, the development spectrum of the geotechnical and geocryological processes was determined, the scale of their development was established, and the effect on the operating conditions of the highway was predicted.
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Comprehensive Geophysical Surveys of Gas Sand Deposits in the Leningrad Region
Authors V.V. Glazunov, N.N. Efimova, A.I. Kulikov, N.V. Kulikova and A.Y. TatarskijSummaryOne of the problems in the construction of buildings and structures on the territory of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region is the presence in the upper part of the section of accumulations of biogenic gas in the thickness of the Quaternary sediments. A prerequisite for identifying areas that may be associated with local gas accumulations is the assumption that there are sand lenses in the section that can accumulate gas coming from the underlying gas-generating Mikulinsky marine sediments and covered with plastic loams that prevent gas from migrating to the surface. The results of complex geophysical studies allow us to identify areas associated with possible accumulations of gas. Analysis of the obtained geoelectric and seismic tomographic sections shows that the identified gas shows are located in areas of increased electrical resistivity, which coincide with anomalies of lower values of shear wave velocities that can be associated with lenses of gas-saturated sands.
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Structural Features of Ore Deposits Weathering
Authors T.S. Bobina and I.V. AbaturovaSummaryThe determining factors for the safe mining of the quarry are engineering-geological. From these factors depends on the choice of the optimal angles of laying the sides of the quarry, folded weathering crust. These include: zoning of weathering crust, type of weathering crust, mineral composition of parent rocks, climatic conditions, physical and mechanical properties of different engineering-geological zones of weathering crust. The formation of different geochemical and engineering-geological profiles of weathering crusts in the field under consideration has led to a change in physical and mechanical properties-they affect the choice of inclination of the quarry sides. In the weathering crust incorrectly selected corners of the sides of the quarry, contribute to the development of landslide formation. In assessing the development of landslide processes in dispersed rocks were considered 2 models of events. In the first model were taken the factor of resistance 1,2 in II – 1. The result of the analysis of models is to identify the safe angle of the side of the quarry, in which the risk of landslide processes will be minimal – the angle is 32°. A section of the field was built taking into account the angles of inclination in different zones of the weathering crust.
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Spectral Characteristics of Time-Domain Induced Polarization in Mineral Prospecting
Authors G. Gurin, A. Tarasov and K. TitovSummaryWe present a state-of-the-art of spectral interpretation of induced polarization (IP) data; we discuss the advantages and drawbacks of this approach, as well as perspectives of its further development. We briefly show how spectral parameters can be obtained from time domain IP data and how they can be applied in ore prospecting. Based on experience obtained in VIRG-Rudgeofizika Ltd., we show that the standard chargeability-based approach alone can lead to missing of perspective ore bodies or to overestimation of bodies without economic interest. In contrast, consideration of spectral data allows discriminate between these classes of potential drilling targets. We present two case studies of combined application of the chargeability-based approach and of spectral approach (two gold deposits: Maletovaiam, Kamchatka, and Yasnoe, Taimyr), which allows in combination to discover areas of prospecting interest (e.g., hydrothermally altered volcano-sedimentary rocks and berezitized rocks containing pyrite). We also highlight that a main complication in use of the spectral approach is not a time-consuming field measurements, but rather the time-consuming visual data analysis. We propose, therefore, a new algorithm based on the pattern recognition principle, and we applied it to the field data.
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The Relationship of the Strength Characteristics and Static Modules of Soils with the Speeds of Elastic Waves in Them
By O. BoykoSummaryThe paper proposes a method for estimating the deformation-strength characteristics of soils based on seismic studies only. The analysis of seismic materials at various sites with very different geological structures made it possible to use, jointly, the speed of longitudinal and transverse waves, to estimate the coefficient of rock strength according to Protodyakonov, static deformation and elastic moduli. Thus, using only the results of seismic studies, we are able to determine the strength and static deformation characteristics of soils in natural conditions. In this case, the correlation coefficient belongs to the group of “very close.”
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Experience of Information Modeling of Gpr Survey Results
Authors R.A. Eremin, A.M. Kulizhnikov, A.O. Kuznetsov and Y.A. SukhobokSummaryIn accordance with modern trends in the development of the architectural and construction industry worldwide, a transition is being made to the management of building assets using BIM technologies. The principal difference between the information model and the digital one is another approach used in its creation, as well as the attribute content of the model itself. The presented materials contain the experience of creating digital models of the geological structure of roads on the results of GPR surveys and supplementing them with attributive information.
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Study of Magmatic Formation Structure Using High-Precision Magnetic Survey
Authors L.A. Zolotaya, M.V. Kosnyreva, A.Y. Palenov and A.V. PhilipovichSummaryThis paper is dedicated to research on structural position of magmatic formations in the area of educational and research site of Geological Faculty, LomonosovMoscow State University, located in the Bakhchisaraidistrict in Crimea.In this area, magmatic formations are represented in all their diversity. There is no consensus about the form of intrusions occurrences.In different years, the same arrays of igneous rocks were considered as diapirs, stocks, laccoliths, and plate bodies.Petrophysical measurements on“Bodrak formation”outcrops near theTrudolubovka village, showed that intrusive bodies have a high contrast in magnetic susceptibility.It creates prerequisites for mapping dikes and intrusions hidden under a thin layer ofsame age volcanogenic-sedimentary rocks. To understand the depths and geometry of intrusive bodies near mount Kremennaya, the authors performed a two-dimensional magnetic modeling of magmatic bodiesstructural positions. It showed high variability of models using only induced magnetization. The authors demonstrated that using of paleomagnetic data and determination of thermo-residual magnetization vectordirection will make it possible to determinemore reliably the structural position of magmatic bodies, which is important for explanation of magmatismin the region.
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Аssessment of the Hazards of Faults in the Offshore During Engineering-Geological Surveys
Authors A.A. Ivanova, S.G. Mironyuk, A.G. Roslyakov, Y.E. Terekhina and M.Y. TokarevSummaryMapping and evaluation of potential geological hazards in the near-surface for faults dislocations is an important task prior to the offshore construction, drilling and exploitation. The presented technology for ranking deformation is based on the formation of a conditional quantitative assessment of the degree of danger according to the results of the analysis and systematization of the structural, geological, geomorphological, and geophysical features obtained (HR, UHR, SSS, MBE). The calculation of the integral risk parameter allows you to obtain the necessary information to identify the most near-surface faults by quantifying the signs characterizing the fault, and has a flexible expert point scale.
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Integrated Geophysical Research on Archeological Sites Without Relief Features (Ust-Tartas Mounds and Tartas-1)
SummaryComprehensive geophysical studies were conducted on two archaeological sites - Ust-Tartas barrows and Tartas-1. Magnetic gradient survey has been done here before, but its effectiveness has been reduced due to littering of the area and low contrast of magnetic properties. The paper shows that electrical and electromagnetic methods significantly complement the results of magnetic surveys. Electromagnetic profiling was used to solve search problems. A detailed study of the structure of the objects found was carried out by additional methods: electrotomography and multiple-height magnetic survey.
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the Use of High-Precision Positioning Equipment Rtk Gnss in the Study of Archaeological Sites by Electromagnetic Profiling
Authors A.O. Alymov, E.V. Balkov, Y.G. Karin and D. B. RomanovSummaryThe use of high-precision systems RTK GNSS is an alternative to standard methods of positioning on the ground geophysical data. This approach allows to increase a several times the performance of electromagnetic profiling for archaeological work. A series of experiments showed high precision of GNSS positioning receivers (about 10 sm). The technique of field work using the RTK GNSS is described. Considered limitations of the use of this technology.
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Ensuring Stable Functioning of the Geotechnical System of Mineral Deposits in Difficult Engineering-Geological Conditions
Authors I. Abaturova, I. Savintsev, L. Storozhenko and O. BorisikhinaSummaryThe efficiency and safety of development of mineral deposits in many respects depends on that how correct data we possess about features of the geological environment of an object within which it is localized. In article you can find methods and methodology of studying of engineering-geological conditions of mineral deposits which are defined by complexity of an environment, the stage of studying and the planned way of development of minerals are considered. Basic methodical receptions and ways which set will allow us to design and conduct a rational complex of field, laboratory and cameral researches of engineering-geological conditions of the specific field are given.
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Monitoring of Hazardous Geological Processes in the Urals
Authors V. Boltyirov, S. Panyak, L. Storojenko and S. DegtyarevSummaryObtaining baseline information to substantiate effective measures to prevent the negative effects of hazardous geological processes is carried out by monitoring them in specific territories. As a result of specialized remote sensing, sets of conjugate thematic maps of different scales are developed, the joint processing of which allows us to identify patterns of the space-time distribution of emergencies and outline the zones (areas) most prone to emergencies. Geotechnical maps of the activation of the hazardous geological processes are the final stage of forecasting. They are compiled for each type of hazardous geological processes. To solve the problems of the stability of engineering structures, a set of methods for studying rock massifs is used, identifying potentially dangerous tectonic disturbances, the geodynamic activity of which can cause disasters.
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Estimation of P- and S- Waves Attenuation Parameter in Water-Saturated Sand Sample Using Ultrasonic Measurements at A Temperature −20°С +20°С
Authors M.S. Sudakova and M.L. VladovSummaryWater phase transition divides the areas of soil approximation from the point of view of its elastic properties. It is interesting to study changing of acoustic characteristics, both kinematic and dynamic, in the process of freezing and thawing, since they can be indicators of various inelastic characteristics of the transition from one state to another. In the report we present results of attenuation parameter (a.p. ) estimation in ultrasonic p- and s- waves measurements on water-saturated sand sample. We used two methods to calculate a.p.: spectral ratio method and reference method. We used spectral ratio method in cases when spectra of signals measured at two bases overlapped. Otherwise we used sample with known a.p. as the reference sample.
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Analysis of the Vibrational Field on Vasilievsky Island of St. Petersburg
Authors V. Izotova, K. Pankratova and G. PospehovSummaryVasilievsky is the largest island in the delta of the Neva River. Every year the territory of the island increases, the infrastructure develops. All this leads to an increase in the dynamic load on the environment. According to the resolution of the Government of St. Petersburg dated June 30, 2014 No. 552 on the state program of St. Petersburg “Development of the transport system of St. Petersburg”, the current situation causes not only difficulties associated with the passage of traffic flows, but also leads to the deterioration of bridges, roads because of the impact of intense dynamic loads, significantly exceeding the normative. Currently, about 36% of all roads and 49% of artificial road structures and shore protection structures are in non-normative condition. There is a rapid deterioration of the top layer of asphalt pavements on highways, caused by high traffic loads and the use of studded rubber. In order to analyze the vibration field, qualitative and quantitative analyzes of the vibration load level on the island territory were carried out. Considered a variety of sources of vibration. In order to analyze the vibrational field, we conducted a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the vibration load level in the island. We considered various sources of vibration. To clarify the characteristics of the behavior of soils under the influence of vibrations, we conducted measurements of the level of vibration impact on the streets of Vasilyevsky Island, as well as a series of tests of soils to determine their physical and mechanical parameters. We have compiled a schematic map of the vibrational field on the territory of Vasilyevsky Island.
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Discreteness of the Geological Environment As An Indicator of the Development of Engineering-Geological Processes
Authors E.A. Zvonarev, I.V. Abaturova, V.S. Kozlov and I.G. PetrovaSummaryIndustrial deposits of chromium are confined to magmatic complexes of ultramafic and mafic rocks. The rocks of this complex and the associated metamorphic rocks in the undisturbed state have high strength characteristics and are able to withstand considerable loads. Therefore, when developing chromium deposits, the main indicator of the development of geotechnical processes will be the discreteness of the geological environment, which is formed due to a change in lithological differences, the presence of discontinuous structures and aquifers in the massif. Also are caused by discreteness processes in underground excavations, associated with the manifestation of lithostatic pressure on the deep horizons. A complex of geophysical methods is used to assess the discreteness of the geological environment and determine the spatial parameters. At the same time, the methods of engineering geology and hydrogeology, based on the qualitative and quantitative assessment of mining conditions, are used to determine the degree of discreteness influence on the development of geotechnical processes and forecasting the stability of mine workings. The generalization of the results of geophysical, engineering geological and hydrogeological studies allows us to give a complex assessment of the stability of rocks in the outcrops and make a forecast of the development of geotechnical processes in the construction and operation of underground mine workings in the massif. In this research work you can find the types of deformations due to the discreteness of the «Main Saranovskoye» chromium deposit, and presents the results of a complex geophysical and engineering geological assessment of the stability of mine workings.
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Passive Seismic Techniques in Near Surface Studies
By S. ShakuroSummaryTechnologies based on multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) and calculation of microtremor H/V spectrum ratio (HVSR) are mainly used in seismic hazard assessment, though they are able to deal with various engineering geology objectives. These techniques may be most fruitful where noise is most severe, leading to low efficiency of conventional seismics. Number of successful implementations are presented, such as karst and environmental investigations, structural mapping. Special attention is paid to the repeatability of measurements, which in some cases may be lower than expected.
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The Results of A Complex Analysis Based on Core Data, Well Logging, Geomechanics and Seismic Researches for the Localization of Potential Pay Zones in the Bazhenov Formation Using the Example of Severo-Demyanskoye Field
Authors A. Bozhenok, A. Sorokina and V. BumaginaSummaryPotential reservoir intervals of the Bazhenov formation have been predicted based on integrated geological, field, core analysis, well logging, geomechanics and seismic data. Diagnostic criteria for identification of lithotypes encountered within Bazhenov formation have been developed. The Bazhenov formation has been cut down into strata based on detailed core description. An algorithm for identification of pay zones for Bazhenov formation sediments of Severo-Demyanskoye field has been worked out.
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The Study of Tectonic Faults on Objects of Engineering Surveys by Electroprospecting Method of Spatial Filtering and Electropotential Tomographic Sensing
Authors N.E. Fomenko and A.K. UdovikovSummaryThe article presents the results of electroprospecting method by electrical spatial filtering technologiesand electropotential tomographic sensing for engineering-geological objects of project and subsequent construction, namely a) systems of wind power stations on the area of the mining branch of the closed mine in the Eastern Donbass. b) in the mountainous zone of the Black sea shore, on the Markkhotsky Pass. A brief description of the applied technologies and methodology of the works and graphical representation and interpretation of field observations are given for the purposes of identification of tectonic faults in the studied massives with determination of watering places.
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