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Monitoring 2019
- Conference date: November 12-15, 2019
- Location: Kyiv, Ukraine
- Published: 12 November 2019
51 - 100 of 110 results
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INTEGRATED MODELING OF PETROPHYSICAL PARAMETERS TO DETERMINE THE MINERALOGICAL COMPOSITION OF THE CRUST
Authors I. Pap and I. VirshyloSummaryThis research is about constructing a new algorithm for spatial modeling of the solid composition of rocks and the main advantage over classical methods of inversion with optimization - to avoid the possibility of obtaining geologically meaningless solutions. The algorithm is consistent with the results of geophysical, petrophysical and geochemical studies. The basic geophysical methods used to solve a complex inverse problem are deep seismic sounding and gravimetry. The determination of probability distributions is carried out by statistical processing of the results of geological and geochemical studies for the material composition and the introduction of confidence intervals for the results of geophysical research.
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REPEATED GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCHES OF HAZARDOUS GEOECOLOGICAL PROCESSES NEAR MINING WASTE STORAGE FACILITIES OF SOUTHERN KRYVBAS
Authors P. Pihulevskyi, V. Svystun, O. Tiapkin, A. Tolkunov and S. SlobodianiukSummaryModern mining processes in Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin (Kryvbas) are accompanied by hazardous geoecological events. The complex tectonic and hydrogeological interpretation of geological-geophysical data are necessary to prevent accidents at mining hydraulic facilities (and first of all - tailing ponds) and successfully design their increase. On an example of detailed geophysical research near the storage pond of highly mineralized mine waters in Svistunovo gorge (Southern Kryvbas) is shown that intensive tectonic fragmentation of rocks is the reason for increasing filtration parameters and deterioration of physical and mechanical properties of rocks and as a result - dangerous intensification of exogenous geological processes and contamination of underground water. It is proposed to create a regional seismic monitoring system (as one of the main subsystem of environmental monitoring of Dnipropetrovsk region) with a control center in Dnipro-city and 3 local subsystems in the main mining areas in the region: not only Kryvbas, but Nikopol manganese basin and Western Donbas coal basin.
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EVALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF GEOLOGICAL-TECHNICAL FACTORS ON THE DURABILITY OF CASING COLUMNS IN OIL AND GAS WELLS
Authors V.Ya. Femiak, I.M. Kovbasiuk, O.B. Martsynkiv, Ya.M. Femiak and I.I. VytvytskyySummaryIn order to assess the informative nature of the impact of various geological and technical factors that could cause collapse of casing strings, it was offered to conduct a multivariate analysis using object recognition theory. Based on the example of one of Prycarpathian deposits, informative values and diagnostic coefficients for the most and least favorable conditions from the point of view of the integrity of the casing were calculated, the main reasons for their damage were identified and measures for their prevention were proposed.
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MODERN DEFORMATION AND NEWEST MOVEMENTS OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE ON THE TERRITORY OF UKRALNE
Authors M. Orlyuk and M. IshchenkoSummaryThe article discusses the current deformation of the Earth’s surface based on the analysis of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) data from the GAO NAS of Ukraine in comparison with the latest lineament zones and faults, as well as with the late Pliocene-Quaternary vertical movements of the Earth’s crust. According to the results of the analysis of high-precision coordinates and displacement vectors of permanent GNSS stations in the territory of Ukraine, deformation parameters of the Earth’s surface were obtained, areas of prevailing compression values — tension and left-right-side rotation of the Earth’s surface were identified, the boundaries between which can be drawn along the latest lineament zones and faults. The areas of the predominant stretching of the Earth’s surface corresponding to the zones of the newest tectonic uplifts (Volyn-Podolsk and Periazov hills) and maximum amplitudes of the Pliocene-Quaternary movements and the areas of prevailing compression are zones of tectonic descents, minimal amplitudes of Pliocene-Quarternary movements. Four large modern geoblocks have been identified: North-West and North-East, which rotate clockwise, and South-West and South-East rotating counterclockwise. At a qualitative level, a mechanism is proposed for the interrelationship between modern and newest movements of the Earth’s crust.
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SEISMIC OBSERVATIONS IN THE LOCATION OF THE STEBNYK POTASSIUM SALT DEPOSIT
Authors I. Sapuzhak and S. VerbitskyjSummaryThe history of the production of potassium salts near Stebnik is briefly mentioned, as well as the accident at the Polimineral enterprise due to hydrogeological phenomena. Given the global experience in dealing with such situations, it is proposed to use seismic observations to locate hazardous processes in a salt mine under the developed project of the system for monitoring the location of the deposit. Observation began in October 2017 with the installation of one temporary point of seismic observations - seismic station ““Stebnik”“. It is given the description of the hardware and software complex of the seismic station, the main technical characteristics, the results of observations and their processing - catalogs of registered seismic events, examples of registered waveforms of regional and telesemic events, as well as local earthquakes in the Stebnik district, the map of their localization. To process instrument records of this seismic station, data recorded at seismic stations of the Carpathian Regional Seismological Network “Skhidnytsya” and “Morshyn” were used. On the eve, some organizational issues were resolved and at the end of August 2019 2 more temporary seismic observation points were installed - the Kozatsky hutir and Zolota gora seismic stations (named after the recreation complexes). Test procedures are currently underway and the seismic monitoring system, consisting of the mentioned stations and Stebnik, Morshin and Skhidnytsia stations, will be operational soon.
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NONLINEAR WAVES PROPAGATION IN EARTH’S CRUST AS PRESTRESSED CHAINS OF BLOCKS
More LessSummaryWe propose a new concept in the approach to the seismic process study. And the new seismic theory will improve potentialities of monitoring and modelling of natural hazards and new technologies for risk minimization and prevention. This work is a continuation of the seismic waves propagation study caused by irregularity of lithospheric stress as a result of plates structure. The given research as the numerical modelling of the chain of grains dynamics was performed to study the possibility of nonlinear soliton waves propagation in lithosphere. We take the Earth’s crust for a structured block media consisting of separate blocks and when modelling these are shaped like cubes with close sizes. It is important for understanding of Earth’s plates tectonic mechanisms, stress growth and localization, seismic manifestations of the stresses release in the form of earthquakes. From the point of view of such a model we studied the tectonic process such as subduction. We have shown that a feature of the evolution of the stress-strain state of block models is the formation of chains of stressed blocks that permeate the model. Studies have shown the finite-element model of nonlinear wave propagation in chains blocks of an arbitrary form interacting at contact.
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HYDRAULIC FRACTURE CRACK PROPAGATION MODELING IN MULTI-COMPONENT NONELASTIC GEOLOGICAL MEDIA
Authors S. Vyzhva, B. Maslov, I. Onyshchuk and O. KozionovaSummaryTight gas is very important unconventional hydrocarbon resource that is beginning to be a priory kind of energy in Ukraine. It stored in multi-component geological media, whose mechanical behavior may be considered as elastic one only, as a first step of approximation, or visco-elastic in common case. We investigate this problem by adopting the quasi-linear fractional Rabotnov model. These fractures serve as pathways for gas flow, and the maintenance of such fractures is of practical significance to the long-term recovery of tight gas. The main question to what extent will the fractures close due to the viscous deformation of tight sandstone, in a relatively long period of time. The second, during the visco-elastic creep, possible tensile stress in hydro fracture zone, can reduce the long-term strength of multi-component media. Previous results of authors were used. On the base of the quasi-linear theory of visco-elasticity, the constitutive equation for isotropic media in the presence of initial stress is derived. The equations governing infinitesimal motions superimposed on a finite deformation are used to study the effects of initial hydro-fracture stress on the creep parameters in multi-component geological media. Computer modeling was realized to evaluate the risk and reliability parameters in exploitation period.
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THE MAPPING OF SUBMERGED (FLOODING) LANDS BY GEOPHYSICAL METHODS
Authors S. Vyzhva, V. Onyshchuk, I. Onyshchuk, N. Reva and O. ShabaturaSummaryThe paper discusses the results of the basic principles of flooding processes by geophysical methods. To apply geophysics for new tasks, it is necessary to obtain and study various information about the upper part of the section (UPS) and discriminate its all layers. Each horizon has to be traced in plane and depth, and its geophysical parameters have to be determined as accurate as possible. Then use these data as the basis of geophysical mapping of soils the horizon-oriented geophysical maps, geoelectric sections and other graphic materials, which are formed. The result of processing and interpretation of geophysical survey data is a set of geological and geophysical sections and horizontal maps of electrical resistivity of soils and rocks of UPS. In this paper as an example, we share some results of the geophysical mapping technique for soil condition at the Chornobaivska key site, located on the eastern part of the Dnieper-Donetsk Basin.
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APPLICATION OF TWO-PARAMETER CLASSIFICATION OF SEISMIC ATTRIBUTES FOR PREDICTION OF HYDROCARBON DEPOSITS IN THE DNIEPER-DONETSK DEPRESSION
Authors S. Vyzhva, I. Solovyov, V. Kruhlyk and G. LisnySummaryPossibilities of multi-attribute analysis of seismic data for prediction of hydrocarbon prospective zones are shown. The conclusion is made about the expediency of using geobody technology for multi-attribute classification of geological bodies. The results of forecasting of perspective hydrocarbon zones using one and two seismic attributes are compared. Practically important results are presented for the identification of hydrocarbon-promising zones associated with structural and non-structural oil and gas traps. The results of the forecasting of oil and gas zones were obtained for deposits in the Dnieper-Donetsk basin.
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GEOSPATIAL MODELLING AND RESERVES ESTIMATION OF WADI AL SHATI IRON ORE DEPOSIT (LIBYA)
More LessSummaryMineral exploration procedures always need to integrate data in order to consider a vast range of combinations and to underline different hypotheses. Reserves estimation, either globally or regionally, has become a typical geostatistical application within the mining industry. Kriging could be a geostatistical interpolation technique utilized in the mining industry for interpolation of input purpose information and estimation of a block model (mineral resource model). In order to estimate Wadi Al Shati iron ore deposit, input data gained from 109 boreholes were used. Fe grade was selected as the major regional variable on which the present research has focused. Studies indicated that iron grade input data had single population characteristics of the area which is totally covered with sand dunes to discover any probable occurrence of iron ore. The results showed that the iron ore belt still extends the west and southwest part under the sand dunes. Finally, a new potential map for the areas of iron ore deposit was produced.
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MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE LANDFILLS ON THE SURFACE WATER QUALITY IN THE ADJACENT PONDS
Authors O.T. Azimov, Ye.M. Dorofey, O.M. Trofymchuk, I.V. Kuraeva, K.S. Zlobina and S.P. KarmazynenkoSummaryThe monitoring ecological hydro-geochemical investigations for the surface waters of the north-western part of Landfill No 5 for the municipal solid waste disposal and the adjacent area are carried out. Based on analyses of surface water samples taking from the existing ponds, it was found that they are polluted by wastewater with the high content of organic toxicants predominantly. Most likely the latter comes from both the Sections and ponds-collectors of leachate or from the pig farm, which is located near the Landfill but hypsometrically higher in relief. In order to specify the answer the more studies are required. Contrary, surface waters beyond the Landfill area are characterized by the ecological and hydrogeochemical indicators, which no higher than the maximum allowable concentrations, although they are higher than the background ones. This indicates that the considerable outflow of chemical pollutants together with the surface waters from the north-western Landfill No 5 area beyond of its borders during for more a year is absent. Only the short-time periodic monitoring of the water bodies within the territory of interest able to determine such time intervals when water could be polluted by various toxicants.
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LONG-TERM DYNAMICS AND CURRENT TRENDS IN FLUCTUATIONS OF THE FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SIVERSKYI DONETS RIVER BASIN
More LessSummaryLong-term fluctuations of average annual flow, maximum flow of spring flood, warm and cold period’s floods, the minimum flow of the winter and the summer-autumn low periods of the Siverskyi Donets River Basin are analysed. A decrease in the minimum characteristics of winter flow (winter low period) and maximum flow characteristics of the cold flood were found. The lows and highs of flow of the cold period do not significantly differ from the lows and highs of the warm period at the present period (2008–2017). Three groups of rivers are identified for belonging to a particular part of the Basin. Differences in trends of flow fluctuations for the Left-bank, Right-bank tributaries and the Siverskyi Donets River are analyzed. Some differences in the fluctuations of the flow of the Left-bank tributaries and, in particular, of the Siverskyi Donets River and, separately, of the Right-bank, were revealed. It is established that there is a dry phase from 2008 till nowadays on the rivers of the Siverskyi Donets River Basin.
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USING THE RASTER CALCULATOR TOOL TO APPRAISE RIVERBED ELEVATION CHANGES NEARBY HYDROTECHNICAL OBJECTS ON ALLUVIAL RIVERS
Authors M. Habel, O. Obodovskyi, D. Szatten, Z. Babinski, Z. Rozlach and O. PochaievetsSummaryThe paper presents the results of analyses of morphological changes of the Dnieper River bed, in a section of direct influence of the dam in Kaniv (Central Ukraine). The regulation of the Dnieper River flow with a cascade of storage reservoirs, which were built in the years 1938 to 1975. The Kaniv dam caused significant changes in its active river channel and hydrological regime. In 2015, data on the riverbed morphology was collected. Specific river depth measurements carried out with ingle beam echosouder (SBES) and then compared with archival bathymetric maps from 1962, 1981. The tests cover the active Dnieper river channel of 600 – 1500 metres in width, from dam to Zapoviednik Island river kilometre. The paper includes the results of morphometric analyses of vertical and horizontal changes of the riverbed below dam. Morphometric analyses were performed on raster files with GIS tools, including the Raster Calculator with Map Algebra algorithm. The obtained results enabled the assessment of selected morphological parameters are formed in the tested river reach.
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MULTIPURPOSE CLASSIFICATION OF THE SUBSYSTEMS OF GEOLOGICAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM OF THE BLACK SEA BOTTOM DEPOSITS
More LessSummaryAnalysis of the properties of the internal geological and ecological conditions of different spatial components of the geological-ecological system of bottom sediments of the Black Sea, as well as the processes of their interaction with external natural and anthropogenic-natural systems and other objects allowed the author to distinguish in the Black Sea a number of subsystems, to classify them according to specific characteristics and to assign them to different taxa (classes, groups, types, species, etc.) of the multipurpose classification of the subsystems of geological-ecological system of the Black Sea bottom deposits. The Classification was developed by the author using the theoretical and methodological fundamentals of marine geoecology and based on geo-ecosystem analysis of a considerable amount of geological, engineering-geological, oceanographic and ecological data, including data on the substance-genetic composition of bottom deposits, characteristics of structural links between their geo- and bio-constituents, etc. The presented Classification can be used as a basis for solving a number of fundamental and applied problems of marine geoecology, in particular at the stage of development of projects of construction of underwater hydraulic structures and communications, resource development, geo-ecological zoning, planning and implementation of monitoring, etc.
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MODELING IN MONITORING SYSTEM OF UNDERGROUND HYDROSPHERE FOR TERRITORIES UNDER TECHNOGENIC PRESSURE
Authors O. Koshliakov, O. Dyniak and I. KoshliakovaSummaryThe authors provide evidence of the necessity to take into account underground hydrosphere state in assessing the stability and dynamism of urban natural-technogenic geosystems. This is because groundwater disturbance often leads to the emergence or activation of negative engineering-geological processes and even hazards. Detailed hydrogeological study of the territories in order to assess the existing natural-technogenic situation requires a change in classical approach to underground hydrosphere monitoring. It is proved that the use of statistical modeling based on spatial analysis and modeling in GIS allows the most efficient use of a small input data amount and to make prediction with the help of deterministic mathematical modelling.
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THE PROBLEM OF DRINKING GROUNDWATER QUALITY WITHIN THE zzzTATARBUNARY DISTRICT OF ODESA REGION
Authors O. Miedviedieva and O. DyniakSummaryThe problem of water quality consumed by the population for household, drinking and drinking purposes is compared. The analysis confirms the deterioration of the quality of the soil aquifer, which is less protected, especially when the groundwater level is located at depths up to 5 m. Changes in weather and climatic conditions (air temperature, rainfall and intensity), together with anthropogenic activity, adversely affect the change in the chemical composition of waters and their pollution.
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LEGAL REGULATION OF GROUNDWATER EXTRACTION PROCESSES TO SUPPORT THE NEEDS OF MILITARY UNITS
Authors S. Pasika, D. Chomko, O. Opanasenko, D. Khomiakov and O. SkybaSummaryThe article analyzes the legal and normative acts that regulate certain issues of groundwater extraction processes to meet the needs of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Reviewed and analyzed are the general trends of groundwater extraction for the needs of the military units as components of national security and defense of Ukraine. Absence of a system in the legal regulation of groundwater extraction to meet the needs of military units poses a real threat to the national security and defense of Ukraine, so the above topic is extremely relevant in the current context. Today, with insufficient resources, inefficient environmental monitoring and ineffective use of resources in the security and defense sector, the issue of legal regulation of groundwater extraction to meet the needs of the Armed Forces of Ukraine as a component of Ukraine’s national security and defense is quite urgent.
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MONITORING OF THE STATE OF THE GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT AND ANALYSIS OF THE OF SUBMARINE VOLCANISM IMPACT ON THE GEOECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF THE BLACK SEA DEEP SEA ZONE
Authors V. Iemelianov and O. IvanikSummaryThe Black Sea is a unique geo-ecosystem with special hydrological, geochemical, geological and biotic subsystems. The environmental ecological subsystems of the Black Sea geo-ecosystems, namely marine aerial, aquatic and marine geological ecosystems, have certain natural features of internal ecological conditions. Wide development of gas- and mud volcanic processes in the deep sea zone of the Black Sea and the dissemination of gas emissions mainly of methane composition have a huge impact on the material composition of the components, the physical-mechanical and engineering-geological conditions. This necessitates monitoring studies of the state of the geological environment of the Black Sea because of the need to identify and understand the features of the temporal and spatial dynamics of its degassing processes. A comprehensive study of gas volcanism, gas discharge and gas hydration phenomena of the deep sea zone of the Black Sea, showed that submarine mud volcanoes and methane eruptions are not only a reliable indicator of prospects for the detection of offshore hydrocarbon fields, but also is a very important factor of the geosystem existence. In the development of special technologies, reactive gas emissions can become a promising source of hydrocarbons as an energy resource.
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ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF UKRAINIAN ENERGY SECTOR IN CONNECTION WITH TRANSITION TO LOW-CARBON DEVELOPMENT
Authors V. Okhariev and V. TrysnyukSummaryA concept of research on the subject of transition to low-carbon development in Ukraine was presented. Aim of research is to develop approaches to quantitative and qualitative assessment of the impact of particular sectors and industries to carbon content in atmosphere and to create an information decision support system for effective implementation of low-carbon development foundations. It should be based on the original method of dynamic correlation analysis, game-theoretic model of balanced development; using of actual environmental monitoring information technologies.
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IMPROVEMENT OF STATISTICAL METHOD FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING DATASETS INTERPRETATION
By V. OkharievSummaryA correlation analysis-based approach to environmental monitoring datasets interpretation was described. Results of dynamic correlation analysis of water pollution indicators in Rivne region for term of ten years were presented. Possibility of using presented approach in systems of operation monitoring and emergencies prevention was proposed.
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THE METHODICAL APPROACH TO THE DETERMINATION OF GEOLOGICAL RESERVES CHEMICAL COMPONENTS IN THE PRODUCED WATER OF OIL AND GAS FIELDS
More LessSummaryThe produced water (PW) of oil and gas fields is a cost component of their development. The article determines that these waters contain a large number of dissolved chemical components. Components contained in PW have an industrial value. The authors point out that oil and gas companies can extract these waters from the cost component into the revenue component when extracting useful components from the PW. The authors state that geological and economic assessment is needed to use PW as a raw material. This paper proposes a methodological approach to the geological and economic assessment of chemical constituents in PW. The methodology is based on several basic criteria. The work identifies the volumes of extraction of PW, concentrations of chemical components, industrial concentrations, the term of development of the deposit are the main criteria for geological and economic assessment. The paper gives an example of determining the geological reserves of useful components at the Lelyakivskoye deposit. The authors classify these stocks according to the current regulatory documents. The result is that this technique allows these stocks to be converted from code 3.3.3 to code 1.1.2. The authors conclude that the code change should attract investors to the development of PW as a valuable resource.
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MONITORING SURFACE WATER STATUS USING AN INTEGRATED INDICATOR
Authors V.I. Zatserkovnyi, L.V. Plichko, T.M. Malik, O.Ye. Nikolaienko and I.V. PampukhaSummaryThe article considers approaches to monitoring the state of surface waters using an integral indicator. Examples of constructing a digital model of the relief of the object of study in combination with a satellite image are presented. The possibility of using the DEM to assess, forecast and monitor surface waters, to study changes in the coastal territory is considered. An assessment of the state of surface waters was carried out, which indicates a tense situation with water quality in the Chernihiv region.
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VARIOGRAM ANALYSIS TO MEASURE THE SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF BRIOGEOCHEMICAL FIELD OF NORTHERN UKRAINE
Authors Yu. Tyutyunnik and O. ShabaturaSummary“Variogram analysis allows revealing the spatial structure of the biogeochemical data, to group elements according to their similarity of their biogeochemical behavior, and describe the mechanisms of their concentration in mosses. The concentration macroelements in moss make up a composite geochemical field that is determined by a combination of several factors: availability of mineral and chemical forms of elements for their assimilation, the presence and magnitude of the physic-biological barriers in the environment.
The most concentrated are the biophilic elements (S, P, K, Ca, Mg,) and B, which are capable of vigorous and strong biological adsorption. Excluding of K, their spatial size are beyond the limits of geostatistical study, meaning that they have an immeasurable scale. This is probably a reflection of the effect of the mineral substrate.
Such macroelements as Fe, Al, Na and K have a clear rank, which indicates the different size of the spatial factors and, probably, caused by a hydromorphic complex. The association of trace elements in moss have similar variogram with one rank, may be a reflection the territorial differences of the aerial fall-out of heavy metals.”
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CLIMATE MONITORING DATA APPLICATION IN THE TECHNOLOGICAL REGIONAL ASSESSMENT SCHEME AND SIMULATION OF WATER FLOW
Authors S. Snizhko, O. Shevchenko, I. Didovets, O. Obodovskyi and O. PochaievetsSummaryA climate change monitoring system integrates satellite observations, ground-based data and forecast models to monitor and forecast changes in the weather and climate. A historical record of spot measurements is built up over time, which provides the data to enable statistical analysis and the identification of mean values, trends and variations. The better the information available, the more the climate can be understood and the more accurately future conditions can be assessed, at the local, regional, national and global level. This has become particularly important in the context of climate change, as climate variability increases and historical patterns shift (Climate Change Monitoring System. Until now, there are no standard methodologies, no standard scheme to correct using climate monitoring data for effectiveness assessment regional climate change and its impact on water flow in Ukraine.
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THE ECOLOGICAL AND HYDROGEOLOGICAL FACTORS OF DESTABILIZATION OF DRINKING GROUNDWATER QUALITY WITHIN EASTERN UKRAINE AND THE MEASURES FOR ITS ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE USE
Authors I.V. Udalov, S.M. Levoniuk and V.V. SamoilovSummaryThe paper is devoted to a relevant ecological topic — the research of deterioration of drinking groundwater quality of buchak-kaniv aquifer in the modern intensive technogenesis of geological environment.
On the basis of analysis of indicators that characterize the geological, ecological-hydrogeological and neotectonic conditions of this region the natural and technogenic factors of influence on the qualitative composition of target groundwater, which are grouped into the factors of technogenic and natural characters, have been identified.
An approach for the ecologically safe use of waters of target aquifer at the water intakes of Eastern Ukraine, which is based on the established connection between the influence factors and the qualitative composition of these waters, has been developed.
The measures for predicting changes in the environmental status of groundwater have been proposed.
The measures for the ecologically safe groundwater use at the existing and new water intakes within the region have been justified.
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THE STUDY OF THE QUALITY STATUS OF SURFACE WATER OF THE DESNA RIVER USING GEOINFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND METHODS OF REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH
Authors V. Zatserkovnyi, L. Plichko and O. StorublyovSummaryThe article considers the possibility of applying geographic information technologies (GIS) and methods of remote sensing of the Earth (ERS) to identify changes that occur in surface waters. Examples of the use of GIS and remote sensing methods for studying the quality status of surface water of the Desna River are given. A combination of space and field observations is proposed to obtain information on long-term changes in surface waters. The use of GIS and remote sensing methods will allow predicting the state of water bodies and making effective management decisions.
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THE METHOD TO SOLVE THE INVERSE PROBLEM OF LATERAL LOGGING SOUNDING AND LATERAL LOGGING
By M. MyrontsovSummaryThe purpose of the research was to create a highly efficient method to solve the inverse problem multi-sonde well electrometry which is well logging data quantitative interpretation. Modelling of lateral logging sounding and lateral logging shows that the proposed method allows increasing the vertical resolution of the complex due to the proposed way of residual functional selecting.
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OIL AND GAS PERSPECTIVES OF ATESHGAH STRUCTURE (BAKU ARCHIPELAGO) IN THE CONTEXT OF ITS GEOLOGICAL HISTORY
Authors V.Sh. Gurbanov, M.S. Babayev, N.R. Narimanov and S. ShpyrkoSummaryThere is a direct relationship between the deposition rate in a basin and the amount of accumulated organic matter. We try to establish the potential of relevant lithologic units as mother rocks, determining the depositional rates for different geological time spans based on the lithological and stratigraphic cross-section of the area. As case study, Ateshgah uplift is considered as a large offshore anticline structure in the central part of Baku archipelago in the Caspian Sea. From the reconstructed paleoprofiles (backstripping technique), the rates of the fold development depending on the geological epochs can be approximately assessed. Fold growth rates for this structure steadily increased throughout the time eventually reaching the values of 0.5–1.3 km/mln yr. This result is in agreement with similar paleographic reconstructions, recently reported for other prospective structures in the region. With the exception of Paleocene and Eocene, the remaining stratigraphic intervals were favorable for the accumulation of organic matter in potential mother rock at least exceeding the Clarke number.
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THE USE OF GROUND PENETRATING RADAR TO IDENTIFY THE BURIED STRUCTURE IN THE CHURCH OF ST. ELIAS - BOHDAN KHMELNYTSKY BURIAL VAULT
Authors K. Bondar, R. Khomenko and A. ChernovSummaryThis paper shows results of investigations in St. Elias Church in Subotiv (Cherkasy region, Ukraine) using ground penetrating radars (GPR) VIY3–300 (300 MHz) and VIY3–500 (500 MHz). The church is known as family burial vault of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, the Hetman of Ukraine (1648–1657) and founder of the Ukrainian State. Anomalies were indicated at a time 51–125 ns (depth 2.1–5.4 m) in the centre of the nave. Archival materials and results of previous archaeological excavations were considered for the interpretation. An underground structure with area 3×2 m, probably faced inside with bricks and partly infilled with soil is predicted in church. The structure could be considered a burial crypt with entrance tunnel located at the western part of the nave.
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DEVELOPMENT OF ALGORITHM FOR CALCULATING EXPOSITION VALUE OF CO2 CONCENTRATION IN AIR FOR TASKS OF MONITORING OF SOILS OF UKRAINE POLISSYA AGRO-LANDSCAPES
Authors O.I. Bondar, P.I. Trofymenko, N.V. Trofimenko, V.I. Zatserkovnyi and F.I. BorysovSummaryThe paper presents the results of field analytical studies and development of an algorithm for calculating the exposure value of CO2 concentration in the air of Ukraine Polissya agro-landscapes soils. A clear procedure for calculating exposure time for in situ studies is given, depending on the intensity of soil air exchange. Depending on the 6 types of air exchange intensity, approximate measurement time ranges are established to measure soils with too difficult, relatively difficult, satisfactory, good, very good and excellent intensity level of air exchange. It is defined that the time range of measurements of the value of CO2 concentration in the ground air, the soil organic matter reserves, as well as the determination of diffusion coefficients in situ conditions are in the range of 2 to 11 and more hours. In case of unsatisfactory values of soil diffusion coefficient (due to unfavorable granulometric composition, over-wetting, excessive compaction), the measurement time for carbon dioxide concentration in the ground air exceeds 5 hours. In the case of favorable values of D, the measurement time usually does not exceed 2–3 hours, characterizing this method of measurements as an express method.
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MORPHOSTRUCTURAL POSITION OF “MEZHYRITSKYI CAPE”: GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL ASPECT
Authors S. Bortnyk, O. Kovtoniuk and N. PohorilchukSummaryThe article deals with the unique morphostructural position of “Mezhyritskyi Cape”, which in late Paleolithic was the location of the mammoth hunters’ site. The Cape forms the site of merger of the Ros and Rosava rivers between two neotectonically active regions of the dislocation of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic sedimentary cover, which are expressed in the relief of the Kaniv Mountains and Moshnohirsk ridge. This is a complex morphostructural unit — a place of intersection of multi-order linear morphostructures and interference of morphostructures of the central type. It was formed as a result of a long and complex transformation of active tectonic factors that controlled the course of exogenous relief-forming processes on the earth’s surface. The latter, together with the climatic characteristics of the territory, controlled the landscape structure of the land, which primitive people used for their needs. The triangular shape of the cape and the rivers on both sides made it a convenient and optimal location both in terms of farming and security. The geodynamic activity of this small terrain, which was expressed in the formation of the morphostructural unit here, led to the localization of activities of the ancient man exactly in this place.
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AN ANALYTICAL ASSESSMENT OF MECHANICAL STABILITY CONDITIONS FOR NATURAL SOILS USING CORE DATA FROM GUSAR-DIVICHI TECTONIC ZONE
Authors H. Guliyev and A. HasanovSummaryArticle describes detailed analytical review of influences different types of deformation processes, from elastic deformation to plastic fracture, which could cause secondary changes of primary inter granular porosity and fluids permeability of soils.
Was revealed that the mechanical stability of soils can be determined by calculating the gravitational forces existing in a specific volume of sediment, relative to the friction forces. In this case size of the rock-forming grains, values of inter granular friction, and the pore water content acquire decisive importance. The latter circumstance, respectively, is characterized by the natural porosity of the rocks, the packing density of the grains, and pore pressure.
It was revealed also, that the fine-grained soils sediments, such as clay, have a significant amount of inter granular friction and this often prevents clay deposits from sliding, even with low inter granular friction. However, if in clay the pore pressure approaches the weight of the overlying deposits, then the friction component of the slip approaches zero. Therefore, clay, silt and fine-grained sand are the most liquefied fractions and can generate “liquefied streams”.
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MAPPING OF THE SOIL MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY FOR THE EROSION PROCESSES MODELING
Authors O. Kruglov and O. MenshovSummaryThe crucial aim of the present study is to investigate the possibility of using soil magnetic susceptibility (MS) for the correction of the results of erosion modelling. The studies were performed on the example of the typical chernozems of Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. We used the magnetic techniques, agrochemical, statistical, and mathematical modelling of the erosion processes. The example of the chernozem soil studies illustrated the possibility of using soil magnetic susceptibility data for the improving and correction of the results of mathematical modelling of the erosion processes. According to the obtained data we recommended to include the magnetic susceptibility measurement to the algorithm of the calculation of the soil coefficients. The soil erosion models are related to the distribution of MS values.
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PLISNESK ARCHEOLOGICAL COMPLEX. SOME RESULTS OF MAGNETOMETRY PROSPECTION
Authors R. Kuderavets, I. Chobotok, O. Menshov, V. Shelep and A. FylypchukSummaryThe results of the magnetic studying over two archaeological excavations at the territory of the “Ancient Plisnesk” historical and cultural reserve are presented. According to the magnetic data, the anomalous of the magnetic field were detected. The studying of soils, sediments, and archaeological materials were performed at the western wall of the excavation. The most magnetic horizon in the section of the excavation wall is at the interval of 40–65 cm, where black loams, burnt clay layers with orange colour were identified. Mineralogical composition of the top soil is more complicated according to the influence of the pedogenic magnetic material. The deep clays include big amount of the paramagnetic material. We proposed the search criteria for some archaeological objects based on the magnetic field indications. The high efficiency of magnetometry to identify and delineate historical monuments from different periods before the start of archaeological excavations on the territory of the Plisnesk archaeological complex was proved.
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WIND POWER STATIONS CONSTRUCTION IN THE MOUNTAIN ENVIRONMENT. PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF COMBINING SOIL MAGNETIC AND HYDROGEOLOGICAL METHODS FOR THE RISK ASSESSMENT IN UKRAINE
Authors O. Menshov, O. Shevchenko and R. KuderavetsSummaryWind power stations has been the subject of dramatically increasing interest in recent years. Wind power generation technology is now relatively mature, with annual generation amounting to 640 TWh, accounting for less than 3% of the world’s total energy consumption. Recently, we started the studies devoted to the environmental risk assessment of the wind power station constriction at the Borzhava in Carpathian Mountaions is Ukraine. The impact of wind power stations on the environment is not sufficiently studied yet. There is practically little experience in constructing and operating wind power stations at the high mountain valleys (1400–1700 m). The crucial aim of the present study is to consider the preliminary soil magnetic measurements and hydrological modelling based on the experience previously obtained at the Carpathian Mountain area in Ukraine.
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RISKS OF DEPLETION OF PHYTODIVERSITY OF HYDROPOWER INSTALLATION INFLUENCE ZONES, INTRODUCTION OF THEIR INTEGRATED ECO-MONITORING AND DEVELOPMENT OF EFFECTIVE MEASURES TO MINIMIZE THE NEGATIVE IMPACT ON THE SURROUNDING PHYTOSYSTEMS
Authors V. Novosad, O. Scherbakova and K. NovosadSummaryOver the past decade the state has been focusing on renewable natural resources for electricity production, including hydropower. A number of large and small hydroelectric power plants are under construction or at the designing stage. Influence zones of their storage basins bear a number of risks to the surrounding natural landscapes and biodiversity. In particular, they are manifested in the flooding and inundation of natural vegetation communities, their halophytisation, the acceleration of abrasive and landslide processes of the bank line, the phytoinvasion intensification, as well as urban and recreational phenomena intensification. All of this leads to the risk of reduction in species and ectopic phytodiversity, particularly rare ones included into regional, national and international conservation programs. For each hydropower installation researchers develop a special program for scientific study of indigenous and adventive phytodiversity, ecotopological differentiation and synantropization, and implement a system for phytomonitoring of natural species, population and ectopic diversity. Based on the evidence found for the technogenic storage basin influence zones, they develop a system of effective measures for the conservation of rare phytodiversity, creation of a number of nature reserves and reduction of invasive species expansion. The purpose of the rare and invasive plant species population monitoring program is the following: the comprehensive population analysis of rare, vulnerable, endangered and expansive invasive species of vascular plants in the regional flora, and, on its basis, the development of effective conservation measures for rare species and an action plan to regulate the number and expansion of individual adventive plant species having a harmful effect on humans and causing biological pollution of natural phytosystems.
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INFLUENCE OF REDOX CONDITIONS ON THE TRANSFORMATION OF MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MAGNETITE NANOPARTICLES
Authors V. Ponomar, T. Antonenko, M. Bahmut, O. Vyshnevskyi and O. BrikSummaryMagnetite is a common mineral in soils that can be both pedogenic and lithogenic in origin. However, magnetite is unstable in environment and can undergo various changes in structure and magnetic properties, which in turn affects the magnetic properties of soils. These changes are quite diverse and depend on temperature, time, redox conditions, etc. In this work, the transformation of magnetite nanoparticles by heating under oxidizing and reducing conditions was experimentally investigated by thermomagnetic analysis and magnetometry. The results showed that the mass magnetization is stable when heated to 500°C. However, there is a marked increase in Curie temperature from 580 to 650°C, which can be explained by the formation of maghemite. When heated above 500°C, the magnetization begins to decrease and reaches its minimum value at 900°C, which indicates the formation of weakly magnetic hematite. In addition, an unknown phase with a Curie temperature of 420°C appears at 500–900°C. Under reducing conditions, magnetite’s magnetization moderately increases, suggesting the partial reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II), which results in improved stoichiometry. The results obtained provide new data on transformation pathways of magnetite/maghemite nanoparticles, which can occur in soils and crucially affect their magnetic properties.
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RECONSTRUCTION OF SURVIVAL CURVES IN THE STUDY OF SOFT-BODY ORGANISMS’ NATURE AND LIVING CONDITIONS FROM UPPER VENDIAN DEPOSITS IN THE MIDDLE DNIESTER AREA
By A. MienasovaSummaryTirasiana Palij’s imprints were investigated by statistical methods. These imprints belong to radially symmetric organisms and are found in Vendian deposits of Middle Dnister area, Ural and White Sea. “Survival curves” was created from a sample of 29 specimens. It was proved that they are similar to curves of fairly highly organized species, which are characterized by care for progeny and the save of experience during the adult stages of ontogenesis. This seems unlikely, since we consider that they are the oldest non-skeletal sedentary Metazoa. The main factor controlling the organism final size was the periodic flow of a large amount of terrigenous deposits into the basin, which buried the benthic settlements in the sublittoral zone. A longer life time was provided to those specimens who found themselves in well-protected (for example, some brow or bay bar) parts of the water area. Giant sizes of “medusoids” (up to 1 m), known at some locations, can indirectly confirm this assumption. The predominance of small imprints suggests that reproduction occurred synchronously and was confined, like all species, to the most favorable and safe period (probably the dry season).
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MONITORING OF THE MICROBIOLOGICAL CONDITION OF VIRGIN CHERNOZEM UNDER DIFFERENT MANAGEMENT
Authors O. Tonkha, O. Pikovska, A. Balaev, G. Kovalyshyna, V. Zavgorodniy and V. KovalenkoSummaryThe monitoring of soil conditions in the present conditions is becoming increasingly important because of the increasing of anthropogenic impact on the soil, including intensive agricultural use. We investigated the chernozems typical of the “Mikhailivska Tsilyna” reservation and the chernozems ordinary of the “Khomutovsky Steppe” reservation, as well as their plowed analogues, soils under forest strips, etc. For this purpose, methods of laboratory analyses of soil samples were used to determine microbiological parameters (according to D.G. Zvyagintsev). After the ratio between the number of microorganisms that use mineral forms of nitrogen to those decomposing organic forms of nitrogen the coefficient of mineralization - immobilization was calculated. According to the coefficient of immobilization-mineralization, it is established that agricultural use of chernozems leads to intensive transformation of organic matter. This is a prerequisite for reducing the intensity of use of chernozem soils reducing the depth of their cultivation.
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ORGANIC CARBON CONTENT IN THE OLD-ARABLE SOILS OF THE UKRAINIAN POLISSIA FOREST ECOSYSTEMS
Authors S.P. Raspopina, V.V. Degtyarjov, P.I. Trofymenko, N.V. Trofimenko and V.I. ZatserkovnyiSummaryThe results of studies on the content of organic carbon in the block “phytodetrite - soil” of forest ecosystems in Zhytomyr and Chernihiv Polissia are presented in the paper. It is shown that under the conditions of water irrigation regime and predominance of coniferous vegetation the process of humus accumulation in old-arable sod-podzolic soils of automorphic type due to their sand granulometry (average particle content <0.01 mm - 6.8 %) is characterized by low intensity. The thickness of the profile humus portion is 18 ± 1.3 cm, the humus distribution is sharply falling with the depth - from 1.4% in He-horizon to 0.19 in Ph horizon. The carbon content in the automorphic soils is on average 0.74%, its stocks are 33.9 t / ha and in hydromorphic organogenic soils it increases to 18.1% and 168.9 t / ha, respectively. It is determined that the carbon content in the pine forest litter is quite stable and equals to 40 ± 1.4%, while its stocks range within 30–33 t / ha.
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LAND CONVERSION INFLUENCE MONITORING FOR CO2 EMISSIONS ESTIMATION IN UKRAINE
Authors P.I. Trofymenko, V.V. Lyashenko, O.A. Tymoshchuk and N.V. TrofimenkoSummaryThis paper shows the results of in-country estimation of CO2 emissions for the period 1990–2017 and investigates the level of land conversion influence on the intensity of carbon dioxide emission or assimilation. It is shown that the most significant impact on the emission-assimilation balance is cause by the transformation of settlements and other lands into forest land, grassland and cropland. The research findings indicate a significant impact of land use type and management practices on the amount of organic carbon emitted from and sequestered by the soil, depending on their affiliation to certain lands. Determined that the revealed changes in the land structure are aimed at their gradual transformation from land with high anthropogenic load, primarily cropland, to conditionally stable land: forest land, grassland, which includes shrubs and wetlands. It is determined that for the studied period the total balance of two mutually opposite processes (emission and assimilation) is formed in favor of atmospheric decarbonisation and amounts to 68712.17 kt (13.6 kg/ha/year−1). It is shown that the conversion of various lands into forest land has had a significant effect on carbon dioxide binding and atmospheric purification, respectively, 47851.18 kt (177 kg/ha/year−1).
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AGRO-ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF THE APPLICATION OF MINERAL AND ORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON DRIED POLISH TERRACE SOILS
Authors V.I. Zatserkovnyi, N.V. Tsuman, P.I. Trofymenko, O.I. Bondar and A.D. BalayevSummaryThe influence of application of mineral and organic fertilizers on the productivity of crops on organogenic dried soils under climatic conditions of the Polissia region of Ukraine is considered. During the millennia of biocenosis and soil, nature and life have been maintained in nature. All living organisms are directly or partially interconnected. On this basis, we can conclude that soil is a sustainable living ecosystem. After the emergence in 1840 of Liebig’s scientific work entitled “Chemistry for use in agriculture” the theory of mineral nutrient regime of the soil emerged. It belongs to inorganic chemistry. The followers of this theory have also proved that plant nutrition is due to the complete decomposition (mineralization) of organic matter. It is known that the nutrient regime of the soil is formed due to the decomposition of organic mass. Of great importance is the particle size distribution, agrochemical and physical and other soil characteristics. According to scientists, the main chemical elements in plant nutrition are: carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, silicon, calcium, chlorine, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron and others. Some types of plants absorb more: iodine, aluminum, manganese.
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USAGE OF GIS DURING THE MONITORING OF WASTES UTILIZATION AND SAVING
More LessSummaryThe problem of wastes utilization is one of the global problems of mankind. Environmental studies conducted during the recent decades in many countries around the world have shown that the growing destructive effects of anthropogenic factors on the environment have brought it to the brink of crisis. Continuous environmental pollution by solid, liquid and gaseous wastes from production and consumption, cause environmental degradation and has recently remained the most pressing environmental problem of social and economic priority. Effective monitoring of dynamically developing natural-technical systems requires reliable and up-to-date data about objects and processes in their territories, as well as advanced technologies of accumulation, processing and submission of information. Today the most objective and capacious source of spatial and semantic information about the state of the Earth’s surface and its objects are the Earth’s Remote Sensing materials. Effective monitoring of dynamically developing natural-technical systems requires reliable and up-to-date data about objects and processes in their territories, as well as advanced technologies of accumulation, processing and submission of information. Today the most objective and capacious source of spatial and semantic information about the state of the Earth’s surface and its objects are the Earth’s Remote Sensing materials.
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GROUND AND SPACE COMPLEX MONITORING OF NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC PHENOMENA AND DISASTERS
Authors O. Liashchuk, Yu. Andrushchenko, P. Topolnytskyi, A. Poikhalo and V. MamarievSummaryWars and local conflicts, nuclear weapons testing, the abuse of natural resources, greenhouse gases, forest fires, accidents at critical infrastructure facilities - all these are incomplete anthropogenic factors affecting the environment. An increase in population density and infrastructural complications make humanity increasingly sensitive to natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and hurricanes. All this leads to constant challenges and threats to the national interests of states in the field of security and defense. Ukraine is no exception. To make timely decisions to prevent negative environmental changes and comply with environmental safety requirements, environmental monitoring systems are being introduced. Integration of monitoring types allows increasing its efficiency, operativeness and reliability. The first steps to creating such a complex system are carried out at the National Center for Control and Testing of Space Facilities (NCCTSF), combining methods of remote sensing of the Earth with ground-based geophysical methods of special control. Information received and processed as soon as possible is provided to state bodies. However, complex processing has not yet become everyday practice, although its relevance is constantly increasing. Possibilities of using monitoring methods during military depots explosions are shown.
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GEOINFORMATION SYSTEM OF MONITORING AND DECISION MAKING SUPPORT IN THE CONDITIONS OF HYBRIDIZATION OF MODERN WARFARE
Authors V. Loza, M. Kubiavka, M. Nikiforov, V. Zlatnikov and O. PrylipkoSummaryThe development of the direction of modern civilization depends on the global transformation of information resources and the means of their use in all regions of the world. Recently, the information industry has become a new branch of the world economy, and has become an integral part of modern processes of globalization, which provides broad access to modern technologies, science and culture, and at the same time affects the transformation of mankind. In military science and practice, it is increasingly marked the tendency of the transition of the modern war to the strategies of indirect asymmetric actions, based on a combination of military efforts with political, economic and informational methods of influence on the enemy for solving problems previously solved mainly by direct military methods.
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ESTIMATION OF INFORMATIVE PARAMETERS OF SIGNALS OF MORTAR EXPLOSIONS
Authors A.A. Lukiyanchuk, P.A. Savkov, I.V. Pampukha, H.A. Pidnebesna and O.B. PopkovSummaryThe usage of new long-range, high-precision, all-weather means of destruction, the high mobility of troops, their mobile and decisive actions during combat have increased demands to intelligence. In fact, expanding the phase of active intelligence activities around the clock. Qualitative accomplishment of intelligence tasks is achieved by its early organization, directing efforts of all types of intelligence to accomplish the most important tasks, defining intelligence data by the set deadline, careful studying, making comparison and additional verification of them and if necessary conducting to intelligence. Permanent, stable and solid management of the intelligence units, high level of the intelligence personnel, as well as the usage of the most advanced methods and means of intelligence. A significant role in this task is given to the forces and means of intelligence, which provide the troops with the necessary information.
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THE DEEP LEARNING APPROACH FOR PAN SHARPENING ASTER SWIR DATA
Authors R. Okhrimchuk, I. Tishaiev and V. ZatserkovnyiSummaryMultispectral satellite images are effective for solving a wide range of problems in the various application areas. In particular, ASTER spectroradiometer images recorded in the Short Wave Infra-Red (SWIR) and Thermal Infrared Ranges (TIR) ranges can provide the lithological mapping and mineralogical composition of rocks. The scale of the resulting maps is based on the spatial resolution of the recorded digital images corresponding to the sensor. The ASTER spectroradiometer corresponds to the thematic maps with 1: 100000 - 1: 500000 scales. The goal is to increase the spatial resolution (upsampling) ASTER images in the SWIR and TIR bands with saving their spectral characteristics. The problem is the inability to use most known Pan-Sharpening methods because of ASTER images specification. The stack of imagery does not have the appropriate high spatial resolution panchromatic reference image Using any image (from visible or near-infrared (VNIR) spectral ranges) as a reference is not a good idea because they contain the data captured in the narrow spectral range (only in green, or red, or infrared). Therefore, the applying of standard approaches causing significant distortion of the spectral characteristics of SWIR images after the Pan-Sharpening procedure. In this paper, the main idea is using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Deep Learning techniques for superresolution resampling Aster multispectral imagery. Accuracy assessment of proposed model shows better RMSE metric values (up to 50%) in the spectral characteristics of transformed images, as compared with standard pan-sharpening technics.
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DETECTION OF DEFORESTATION AREAS USING SATELLITE IMAGES
Authors V. Romaniuk, D. Kukhtar, L. Dorosh, Ye. Ripetskyi and S. SerediukSummaryUsing the example of a mountainous cultivated land environment, we have shown the use of Earth Remote Sensing Data (ERS) technology to control the change of forest land area due to logging. It has been proved that the histogram characteristics of the RGB Quick Bird satellite image contain information on changes in forest land structure from “forest land” to “deforestation”. We have found out that due to the different texture of the “forest land” and “deforestation” images, their histogram characteristics, the zones of pixel placement, differ in brightness. An analytical dependence between the dynamics of the areas AS changes at the boundary between “forest land” and “deforestation” and the number of pixels AN per the extremum, is obtained. Its considerably high sensitivity has been shown which allows solving the problems of recording the change of forest land areas in the land resource structure using the characteristics of satellite imagery.
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USE OF REMOTE FIELD MONITORING DATA TO PREDICT YIELDS AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT WHEN GROWING WINTER CROPS
Authors O.A. Furmanets, O.I. Bondar, S.I. Veremeenko, P.I. Trofymenko and D.P. TrofymenkoSummaryThis paper presents the results of studies of the use of Sentinel 2A satellite imagery to control winter wheat vegetation in difficult conditions of a particular field, to predict the true yield of the field in the uneven crop development, or their damage due to adverse meteorological factors. It is established that, based on satellite images of NDVI, it is possible to predict the yield of individual sections of the field and crops in general. It is shown that using generalized performance maps can significantly improve the efficiency of material resources (seeds, mineral fertilizers, fuel) and the overall economic efficiency of crop production. It was found that it is advisable to use a cartogram of average long-term field productivity as a basis for planning differentiated fertilizer application.
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APPLICATION OF DECOMPOSITION METHODS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEMS OF PROCESSING OF GEOINFORMATION SYSTEMS’ INFORMATION
Authors V. Khilenko, I. Butko and V. TernavsjkaSummaryThe peculiarities of mathematical models of geospatial objects are considered and the choice of mathematical apparatus focused on the study of this class of models is substantiated. Numerical calculations were performed for a number of modelling tasks. The directions of further researches on adaptation of the chosen decomposition method - the method of decreasing order taking into account the specificity of the tasks of processing the information of remote sensing of the Earth are outlined. The model of a geoinformation object, which is in the form of a linearized SDE is proposed to decompose using numerical algorithms which based on Khilenko’s theorem.
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