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9th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society
- Conference date: 11 Sep 2005 - 14 Sep 2005
- Location: Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Published: 11 September 2005
1 - 50 of 462 results
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Especialidad “geofisica petrolera”: una plataforma de enseñanza activa
Authors R.A. Quesada García, G.M. Pagés and R.G. CaraballoLa especialidad de postgrado “Geofísica Petrolera”que se está impartiendo por el Instituto Superior Politécnico “José Antonio Echeverría” (ISPJAE) de La Habana, Cuba, contempla entre sus objetivos, el diseño curricular de las asignaturas basado en el empleo de una plataforma activa de aprendizaje, que incluye el uso de casos, conferencias interactivas, prácticas, debates en grupos, defensas de informes, etc., conformándose con estas componentes, un proyecto pedagógicamente innovador.
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El método de casos: su aplicación a la enseñanza de la sismica petrolera
Authors G.M. Pagés and R.A. Quesada GarcíaEl presente trabajo esta dedicado a exponer algunas reflexiones sobre el diseño de la Especialidad de postgrado “Geofisica Petrolera” que se imparte por el Instituto Superior Politécnico “José Antonio Echeverría” (ISPJAE) a ingenieros geólogos de CubaPetroleo (CUPET).
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Um Indicador do Valor da Informação Sísmica em Projetos de Exploração de Petróleo
Authors Alexandre A. Coelho and Saul B. SuslickThe assessment of exploratory opportunity has a fundamental importance in the upstream oil industry due to a high number of projects and the limited budget of the companies. The valuation of each project depends on the estimation of oil quantities from a given field which accuracy changes with the ability of measure the reservoir size. In the last decades, the technological progress positioned seismic data as a significant source of information for opportunities. Therefore, it is necessary that the technology used to get information should be incorporated at assessment process. This paper presents a methodology by using an indicator of seismic information which its value gives a degree of confidence of the technological seismic option used. This methodology also develops an option to estimate the value of imperfect seismic information for new surveys through the inclusion of the amount of data, its quality, the embedded geological model, the adequacy and performance of the technology used and others characteristics inherent of basin such as its signal-to-noise ratio that can influence the quality of the data. The main goal of this methodology is to support the assessment and ranking of exploratory opportunities giving valuable information to the decision process in a consistent and standard form. A case study presented shows that the indicator presents good performance by adjusting the opportunities, considering the most reliable outcomes and improving the decision-making process.
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3D Seismic Interpretation and its Implications to a New Structural Model on the South of Santos Basin, Brazil
Authors C.L. Queiroz, R.D. Damasceno, A. Pereira, J.J. Rodrigues, E.J.J. Marques, F.C. Rigon and M.M.M. CortezIn the south of Santos Basin, on the coasts of Santa Catarina and Paraná States, there are light hydrocarbon fields named Tubarão, Estrela do Mar, Coral, Caravela and Cavalo Marinho. Reservoir rocks are mainly constituted by oolitic grainstones, generally dated as Meso Albian and interpreted as oolitc bars grown over rool-overs crests.
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Emprego do método gamaespectrométrico para investigação em sítio arqueológico tipo “terra preta arqueológica” (TPA), no Estado do Amazonas
The carried through gama-ray espectrometric survey in a portion of the archaeological place of the Village of Paricatuba, located in the municipal district of Iranduba (AM), in the form of four profiles of 50m and distance equal itself of 2m, with 51 points each, disclosed significant to radiometric anomalies in the related largenesses the total counting and in the specters of the U, Th and K. The answers most intense had been observed in the canal of thorium, with intensities of up to 15 C.P.M., followed of the canal of the uranian one, with up to 9 C.P.M., while that the radiometric totals had normally revealed inferior the 6 C.P.M. e the canal of the potassium showed values of up to 170 p.p.m. Such anomalies can be associates with local concentrations of organic substance, as well as the presence of ceramic devices.
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Análise de AVO na bacia do Ceará
Authors W.N. de Amorim, D.C. Dutra, J.M. Neto, A.M. Filho and V.C. CondeIn this paper we will show the AVO analysis of a strong negative amplitude anomaly over an Upper Cretaceous disconformity at the Ceará basin. The analysis of the available seismic volumes (NEAR, MID and FAR) and the petrophisic modeling in a deep water well of the basin, require the utilization of the NEAR and MID volumes for this study.
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Lagosta - Ocorrência de Gás em AVO Classe 4 na Bacia de Santos
Authors R.D. Damasceno, F.B. da Silva and E.J. JungThe discovery of a gas field in the Santos Basin, with a class IV AVO anomaly showed that for this basin, the occurrence of this kind of AVO should be examined with special attention and must not be despised in comparison to the class III AVO, traditionally considered the best hydrocarbon diagnostic. This discovery also reaffirms the importance of AVO as a predictive exploration tool.
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Pre-Stack Seismic Data: A new Border to the Exploratory Interpretation
More LessThe Technology for petroleum exploration has been developed in an impressive way. This evolution imposes to the interpreter a constant technological updating and this, he/she needs to know different areas in a multi-disciplinary environment.
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Aprendendo a confiar em Greenberg-Castagna
More LessGreenberg and Castagna’s (1992) technique of shear-sonic construction using Vp data, is a lithology based regression which uses the Gassman equation. As an empirical relation, it should apply only to the set of rocks that generated it. But is seems to be more robust than initially imagined. The Greenberg-Castagna method was used to predict Vs in six wells from different Brazilian Basins. The analysis suggests that the method is applicable for most part of the data. Despite some good results showed here, it should always be used with a full understanding of its assumptions and limitations. It is hoped that the ideas presented herein may lead to a better understanding of the technique, and to reduce uncertainty in its application.
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Impedance-Type Inversion of the P-P Reflection Coefficient
Authors A. Davolio and L.T. SantosThe exact expression for the P-P reflection coefficient (Zoeppritz equations) has a rather complicated dependence on the medium parameters (P- and S-wave velocities and density) at both sides of the interface. For the inversion purpose, it’s required approximations formulas. In this work we discuss some approximations based on Taylor series and on the impedance concept. We also present the inversion process induced by these approximations.
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Impedance-based indicator for elastic parameters prediction
Authors V.S. Grosfeld and L.T. SantosIn the last two decades, many approximations for the P-P reflection coefficient have been proposed in the literature. Almost derived from the cassical aproximation of Aki & Richards, using additional assumptions on the medium parameters.
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Amplitude Variation with Ray Parameter Analysis Using the Reflection Impedance Concept
Authors L.T. Santos and M. TygelThe Common Relection Surface method provides semblance and attributes panels, which gives information about the ray-parameter at the reflection point at possible interfaces in the elastic model. The reflection impedance function, gives an approximation for the reflection coefficient which is suitable for inversion purposes. Combining both procedures, we have a practical amplitude versus rayparameter analysis which is suitable for inversion of rockpropertie
parameters.
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New Perspectives on Deep Ocean Exploration
By P.A. RonaOur vision of marine mineral resources is expanding with present and potential scientific and economic benefits as our understanding of the Earth advances. The introduction of the theory of plate tectonics opened new prospects for exploration in the deep ocean within and beyond the 200 nautical mile-wide Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) offshore coastal states. This paper presents the expanding perspective of non-living and living resources of the deep seafloor and is accompanied by the first film to clearly illuminate hydrothermal vents and their ecosystems in the deep ocean.
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Brazilian Research in Extreme Environments: New Perspectives for Integrated Biological and Geological Activities
Authors L.S. Campos, L.P. Gamboa, H.P. Lavrado and A.P.C. FalcãoExtreme sea environments are considered here as those that are difficult to access and mostly require high technology logistics for any research work to be undertaken, i.e., mainly the deep sea and polar regions. Approximately 80-90 % of the oceans have over 3000 m water column (Gage & Tyler 1991), and most ecosystems within this large area are still to be investigated in more detail. The main ecosystems of these extreme environments include the continental margins, seamounts, abyssal plains, ocean ridges, hydrothermal vents and cold seeps.
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The Brazilian expanded continental shelf beyond its Exclusive Economic Zone
By L.C. TorresThis study has the purpose of describing and showing by some pictures the Brazilian effort in order to establish the outer limit of its expanded continental shelf beyond its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) on Atlantic Ocean.
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Considerations for Deepwater Seismic Imaging
Authors P. Whiting, C. Notfors and G. HodgkissDeepwater seismic imaging presents many challenges that are unique to deepwater environments, along with many familiar challenges that are emphasised by the presence of a long water column. In some cases, the depth of the water will make one or two of these challenges of paramount importance whereas, with a different water depth, the same challenges may be insignificant. It is important to have the tools to deal with all possible challenges to ensure that the image will not be compromised.
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Mega-Furrows, Contour Currents and Density Flows of the Northwest Gulf of Mexico Continental Slope and Rise
Authors W.R. Bryant, D. Bean and N. SloweyA geophysical survey of the northern Gulf of Mexico Continental Slope and Rise around Bryant Canyon in the spring of 1999, collecting deep-tow data, which consisted of a 3.5 kHz subbottom profiler and a 100 kHz side-scan-sonar, surveyed a series of longitudinal mega-bed-forms in ~3000 m of water along strike and at the base of the Sigsbee Escarpment.
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ADN method: simultaneous determination of porosity and shale content.
Authors A.I. Fischetti and A. AndradeA key step in petrophysical formation evaluation is the determination of porosity values corrected by the effect of shale content (shaliness) and consequently to produce a better estimate of oil saturation.
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Shale Characterization and Well Correlation by Competitive Neural Networks
Authors A.I. Fischetti, A.C. Fischetti and A. AndradeThe lithological characterization of a rock layer crossed by a borehole and its identification in the neighbor wells (well correlation) in an oil field are of great importance for reservoir studies that aim to improve the volume of oil recovered. In spite of the actual drilling technology is not usual to core all boreholes in a field and an alternative manner to deal with it is to use well log data.
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Determination of mineral composition of reservoir rocks by expert system and genetic algorithm
Authors A.C. Fischetti, A.I. Fischetti and A. AndradeThe information about mineral composition of reservoir rocks is important to obtain more realistic porosity estimative. The log analysts usually consider a reservoir rock composed by a solid portion (matrix) and a fluid portion (pore). The fluid portion or porosity determination is fundamental to obtain the reserve potential and reservoir qualification.
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Well Log Vertical Resolution Enhancement by Recurrent Neural Network
Authors A. de Lima Ruéla, A.I. Fischetti and A. AndradeThe reevaluation of mature or small oil fields, where there are only conventional well log data or the use of new logging technologies have not economic viability motivate us to take a new look in log vertical resolution enhancement. We talk about the paradox between depth of investigation and the vertical resolution of a logging tool.
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Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Induction Loggings
Authors A. Carrasco and A. CarrasquillaThe electromagnetic induction well log method is one of the more utilized geophysical logs in oil industry, aiming to obtain petrophysical informations regarding geological formations along the well.
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Aplicação de Modelagem 3D na Perfilagem de Indução em Turbiditos da Bacia de Almada - Ba
Authors K. Tomaso, A. Carrasco and A. CarrasquillaInduction logging is one of the most important geophysical methods used in the petroleum industry. In this work, we employ a three dimensional algorithm to interpret induction well log data from Almada Basin (Bahia – Brazil).
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Associação de Estatística Multivariada com Redes Neurais e Lógica Fuzzy para Identificação automática de litologias usando perfis de poço do Campo de Namorado na Bacia de Campos, Brasil
Authors R.T. Flexa, A.A.G. Carrasquilla and J. da Conceição da SilvaIn search of the petroleum reservoir characterization, the first task executed is the identification of lithologies crossed by the well, which may be achieved through the analysis of core sampling. However, this method is considered expensive and lengthy. Another way is through the interpretation of well logs, which are calibrated with some data from core samples and then extrapolated to the entire field. Although the interpretation using well logs is considered more economic, in some cases, due to the mineralogical complexity of these rocks, satisfactory results are not attained. This fact is because of the use of conventional statistical or mathematical algorithms.
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Multicomponent offset VSP to detect gas reservoirs
More LessThe occurrence of gas filled, complex reservoirs, in Miranga field on Reconcavo onshore basin was the motivation to evaluate the seismic response of borehole seismic in that area.
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Response of the sonic dipole tool in low compacted rocks in vertical wells
More LessThe correct acquisition of shear wave slowness through the flexural mode record with dipole source tool involves several requisites that are , barely, encountered in real conditions.
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Fenômenos de Relaxação, Difusão e Convecção em Medidas de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear
More LessSeveral important reservoir parameters such as permeability and irreducible water saturation are difficult to measure by logs. Nuclear resonance involving free precession of the total magnetic momentum as described by the CPMG pulse sequence has long promised to measure these parameters.
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Resultados do primeiro levantamento 3D-VSP da PETROBRAS: Comparação entre ondas compressionais (p) e cizalhantes (S)
Authors F.A.F. Gomes, M.C. Schinelli and O.K. FilhoO trabalho descreve as etapas envolvidas no projeto pioneiro 3D-VSP, registrado pela PETROBRAS na Bacia Potiguar. A aquisição foi realizada em agosto/setembro do ano passado e o levantamento foi patrocinado pelo PRAVAP (Programa de Recuperaçao Avançada de Petróleo) e pela UN-RNCE (Unidade de negócio Rio Grande do Norte Ceará).
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Modelo Fuzzy Para Prediçao de Porosidade e Permeabilidade via Perfis Convencionais de Poço do Campo de Namorado – Bacia de Campos
Authors R.F. Mimbela and J. da Conceição da SilvaThe well logs have a great applicability in the search and evaluation of hydrocarbon. In this work we calculate porosities of the Namorado field with help of the “Fuzzy Rule”.
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Semi-analytical logs of electrical focusing tools in basic subsurface models
By K. CozzolinoThis work presents a procedure to obtain synthetic logs for the electrical tools as LLS, LLD and LL7 in subsurface models: plane-parallel layers and cylindrical shells. The synthetic focusing used to acquire semi-analytical logs is based on the superposition principle applied to all transmitter-receiver pair of electrodes. Forward models can be created for investigations of real electrical resistivity data trough inversion procedures. Also, correction charts can be constructed for these tools or any other similar configuration.
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Estudos sobre a função objetivo na estimativa de parâmetros elásticos a partir da inversão das amplitudes da onda P refletida acima do ângulo crítico em levantamentos de sísmica rasa
Authors M.V.A.G. de Lima, L.A. Diogo and R.L. PradoWe propose to implement an inversion algorithm to estimate shear wave velocity (Vs) and density (ρ) above and below the reflecting interface, extracting the information contained in phase changes in the compressional wave pulse reflected at post-critical angles of incidence.
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Utilização de Potencial Espontâneo e Caminhamento Elétrico para detecção de vazamentos em barragem
Authors J.E. da Silva, V.R. Elis, F.Y. Hiodo and E. Gomes de OliveiraGeohysical methods like dipole-dipole geoelectric profiling, and spontaneous potential measurements with non polarizable electrodes were used to identify possible zones of leakage or infiltration by water, occurring in dam structure of artificial lake in Itatiba city-SP. Electroresistivity profiling in dipole-dipole array, and spontaneous potential determinations in gradient mode allowed to identify anomalous zones with low values of resistivity and spontaneous potentials.
Resistivity data processing by an inversion software RES2Dinv provided true electrical resistivity values in five levels of investigation depth.
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Estudo da compactação do solo por meio de ensaios geotécnicos e de métodos geofísicos
Authors C.T.C. Nascimento, P.G.O. Passos, M.M. Farias, R.P. Cunha and A.C.B. PiresThe main objective of this work is to investigate the effect
of sand-gravel compaction piles on the behavior of loose
sand deposits. Reduced model tests were carried out on
an artificial sand deposit filling a trench 1.5 m wide, 3.0 m
long and 2.5 m deep, excavated in a clay rich soil. In situ
geotechnical tests and DC electrical resistivity
measurements were carried out before and after the
construction of compaction piles, in order to characterize
the changes in the sand deposit. Conductivity anomalies
were observed in the position of the compaction piles with
better performance. These anomalies are caused by the
introduction of the sand-gravel compaction piles and
possibly more related to the mineralogical composition of
these piles than compaction itself.
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Real Time Workflows for More Efficient and Safer Deepwater Drilling Operations
By B. ChmelaReal Time Operations Centers and Collaboration Rooms allow professionals the ability to create the perception of being on the rig or platform even when they are back in the office. Using leading edge high definition visualization technology and new software and standards for data transfer, new workflows have been developed to make upstream operations much more efficient and safer.
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Some Preliminary interpretation on the Marine Controlled Source Electromagnetic<br>(MCSEM) data acquired on Campos Basin, Brazil
Authors M.P.P. Buonora, R. Reddig, W. Heelan, J.D. Schofield, A. Zerilli and T. LabruzzoThe Campos Basin MCSEM data was acquired on a rectangular grid with line spacing of approximately 5 km. Three component electrical field as well as two component magnetic fields were recorded, from which the in-line electrical horizontal fields at each receiver position were processed to yield ratio maps of that field to a reference remote station.
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Contribution of the relative velocity between source and receivers to primary electromagnetic fields in the sea
More LessThe analysis of primary EM fields caused by a finite length line source below the sea level is important for submarine applied geophysics as well as for protecting ships from the threat of sea mines in both shallow and deep sea water environments. The surveys employ a source moving with a constant velocity whereas the receivers remain fixed at the sea floor. So an accurate determination of the primary field taking into account the relative velocity between the source and the receivers is necessary in order to optimize
the interpretation of both TDEM and FDEM data.
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Novas Técnicas Geoelétricas Otimizadas para Avaliar Danos Hidrológicos em Ambientes Subterrâneos
Authors O.A.L. de Lima and P. de A. PereiraIn this paper we propose two new geoelectrical techniques designed to improve the structural delineation of underground contamination plumes, using multi-electrode arrays. These techniques were tested in a selected area surrounding the garbage landfill of Alagoinhas, Bahia.
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Interpretação de dados de polarização elétrica induzida obtidos por um sistema eletromagnético a multi-freqüência na Fazenda Bela Vista, município de Jaguarari, Bahia, Brasil
Authors C.A. Dias, M.M.V. Barbosa and T.S. VieiraThis work presents the pseudo-sections of IP from a
survey carried out for the first time using a non-grounded
multi-frequency electromagnetic system, conceived by
Dias (1968). The induced electrical polarization data were
obtained from an anomaly in the Bela Vista Farm in
Jaguarari District (Bahia state, Brazil). The produced
sections permit to detect the mentioned polarizable
bodies and do good correlation with data taken using
traditional methods of geophysical prospecting.
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Modelagem geométrica de dados geoelétricos
Authors A.F. de Campos, A. Rigoti, S.P. Rostirolla and M.K. BartoszeckDesign the 3D geometry of the structural model from electrical profiles is the main objective of this work. From a electrical array of lines, align transversal to predominant tectonic structure directions, results interpretation of some fault planes. The continuity varies along the profile interpretation, equal to field work informations. Was introduced a horizon in the base of the resistivity layer, and this traces are transformed to a surface with the fault planes influence. The result was a 3D geometrical model, with fault discontinuity inside, based in geoeletrical interpretations of resistivity sections.
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Estrutura Elétrica da Contaminação Hídrica sob os Depósitos de Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos do Município de Alagoinhas, Bahia
Authors P. de A. Pereira, O.A.L. de Lima and M.J.M. do RêgoThis paper discusses the successful results of a geoelectrical survey conducted around the actual sanitary landfill of Alagoinhas, Bahia. Forty-nine Schlumberger IP-resistivity soundings were made in regularly distributed centers in the area to allow a good three-dimensional representation of its underground geohydrology. Apparent resistivity maps and cross-section were used to depict and correlate the geoelectrical sounding results.
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Prospecção para águas subterrâneas através de dois métodos geofísicos em Pureza- RJ
More LessThis paper presents a hidrogeology study carried out with two geophysical methods: the VLF– and the Resistivity Method. This study was made at State of Rio de Janeiro in Municipal of Pureza. The site was investigated by photograph aerial, map topography, map geology and the two methods were evaluated for the capacity to detect the interfaces between different layers structural, in particular the structural of area for ground water.
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Pseudo-seções de dados eletromagnéticos multi-freqüência
Authors J. da Conceição Batista and H.K. SatoThe interpretation scheme developed by Sato (1979), to construct pseudo-sections of resistivity versus depth, is analyzed using theoretical EM response due to layered earth. Some pseudo-sections of apparent resistivity were constructed for models using two and three horizontal layers, with alternating sequences of high and low resistivity values.
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MT modeling of a 2-D structure perpendicular to the Equatorial Electrojet
Authors M.W.C. Silva and L. RijoThe magnetotelluric method (MT) for the determination of subsurface electrical conductivity is based on the assumption that the incident field is laterally uniform and it is considered as plane waves. In the mid latitudes this hypothesis is valid and MT response depends only on the electrical structure of the earth. In equatorial latitudes, the geomagnetic fields shows an strong enhancement associated with electrical currents located in the ionosphere above the magnetic equator, termed Equatorial Electrojet (EEJ), which can make the primary fields nonuniform.
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Utilização de Caminhamento Elétrico para localização de canal aterrado
Authors J.E. da Silva, L.M.L. Yokoyama, L. Moutinho, V.R. Elis and F.Y. HiodoThe purpose of the geophysical work was to delineate a-buried channel of one streamlet, to landscape recovery.The studied area is located in São Carlos city -SP.To reach this objective was used electroresistivity profiling in dipole-dipole array with five meters dipole spacing. Resistivity data processing by an inversion software RES2Dinv provided true electrical resistivity values in five levels of investigation depth.The geophysical methodology of the electroresistivity allowed the localization of the overburden channel, associated with low values of resistivity.
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Mapas de isorresistividades elétricas aparentes do solo superficial de Manaus
Vertical electric surveys (VES) were performed in the city of Manaus in order to allow the elaboration of maps of apparent electric resistivity of the superficial soil. Several interpolation methods of electric resistivity were studied, however, only two methods will be approached here.
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Procedimentos informatizados na modelagem, representação e interpretação no método da eletrorresistividade
Authors E.N.A. Urasaki and H.K. SatoThe graphic implementation of the computer program SCHL, of the model of layers homogeneous, plane parallel, regarding the method of the electro-resistivity, through the technique of the vertical electrical sounding (VES) with Schlumberger and Wenner array, was accomplished from way to turn it more interactive, contributing so that the modeling, representation and interpretation of the observed data are more efficient, including automatic inversion using Gauss-Newton linearized inversion.
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Estudos dos Efeitos do Manto de Intemperismo Sobre Anomalias ( VLF ) Geradas por Corpos Inclinados Artavés de Modelagem Numérica
Authors G.E.R. Vogado and O.P. VermaWe have studied the effects of a partially conductive overburden on VLF anomaliesof an inclined prism placed in a highly resistive half space. This study is carried out
through numerical modelling using Finite Element techniques.
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Method of electrical resistivity (DC) applied in studies of contamination of soils and underground waters by gasoline
Authors M.T. Cardinali, A.C. de Oliveira Braga and T.M. CulhariUsing the geophysical method of the electrical resistivity (DC), through the techniques of the vertical electrical soundings and profiling (Schlumberger and dipole – dipole configurations), were analyzed, the temporary variations of the resistivity of sandy and clay materials, contaminated with gasoline, in reduced field scale.
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Aplicação de tomografia elétrica na detecção de tambores plásticos na área do Sítio Controlado de Geofísica Rasa do IAG/USP
Authors E.M.A. da Silva, V.R. Elis, W. Rodrigues Borges, J.L. Porsani and F.Y. HiodoO resumo mostra resultados de tomografia elétrica 2D realizada sobre tambores plásticos enterrados na área do Sítio Controlado de Geofísica Rasa do IAG/USP. A metodologia aplicada teve como objetivo identificar o padrão das anomalias elétricas dos tambores plásticos utilizando o arranjo dipolo-dipolo com espaçamento entre os dipolos de 1 metro. Os resultados mostraram que os parâmetros de campo utilizados permitiram somente identificar a posição horizontal dos tambores. Os alvos apresentaram anomalias de alta resistividade e baixo valor de cargabilidade.
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Estudo audiomagnetotelúrico (AMT) na porção onshore da Bacia de Almada, Bahia
Authors P.G. Freire, E.F. La Terra, S.L. Fontes and V.C.F. BarbosaFifty audiomagnetotelluric (AMT) measurements covering 10 KHz – 10 Hz frequency range have been carried out on the onshore portion of Almada basin, Bahia state. AMT data were recorded in two roughly orthogonal profiles and our approach interprets the AMT soundings using the first–order Tikhonov regularization 2D inversion method to estimate the resistivity distribution in the subsurface that explained the field observations to within a preset error.
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