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IPTC 2012:International Petroleum Technology Conference
- Conference date: 07 Feb 2012 - 09 Feb 2012
- Location: Bangkok, Thailand
- Published: 07 February 2012
101 - 200 of 358 results
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Study and Application of Carbonate Reservoir Characterization in Block-B on the Eastern Margin of the Pre-Caspian Basin
Authors Chen Hongtao, Li Jianying, Yang Feng and Li YibaoCarbonate sedimentary facies division and reservoir prediction are the problems that have obsessed the
petroleum industry for many years. Combined with the regional sedimentation evolution background of Block-
B on the eastern margin of the Pre-Caspian Basin and reservoir features dominated by primary porosity
indicated by drilled well, this paper performs the stratigraphic sequence division under the carbonate
platform sedimentation background firstly, and secondly, performs division and optimization of seismic
facies and sedimentary microfacies within different system tracts, and indicates that tidal flat and dolomite
flat microfacies of restricted platform subfacies within the high system tract of sequence KT-I are the most
favorable reservoir development facies in Block-B.
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Seismic-While-Drilling Checkshot Survey on High-Inclination Well— Beyond the Time and Depth
Authors Aqil Ahmed, Teck Kean Lim, Walter Wuertz, Maneerat Kanaree, Wayne Pirie and Pieter J. RebelSummary not available
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FLNG Development: Strategic Approaches to New Growth Challenges
More LessUnderneath the ground, the world still left a quarter of its natural gas resources (approximately 2 billion TCF)
undeveloped or “Stranded” in offshore. Many gas fields were discovered in many decades ago, but the resources
of those fields could not commercially be justified for the development so they were classified as marginal fields.
One of the most promising solutions known as “Floating Liquefied Natural Gas or FLNG” is lately growing and
foreseen as potential technical to monetize these marginal gas fields offshore and near-shore. We are well aware
of the potential in FLNG technology and consider it as the one of the most important initiatives to lead our
organization to achieve target growth.
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Heterogeneity of the Hydrocarbon Distribution in Tertiary Sediments of North-East Sarawak
Authors Mohd Syamim Ramli and Eswaran PadmanabhanThere are tremendous spatial and temporal variability within the sedimentary rock types of the Belait (Early-Mid
Miocene) and Lambir (Mid-Miocene) Formations in North Eastern Sarawak. With the current renewed interest in
oil and gas exploration in this part of Malaysia, evaluating the distributions of hydrocarbon resources in both
Formations will be of valuable interests for the industry.
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Improved Petrology & Petrophysics Characterization of Complex Siliciclastic Reservoirs through Integrated Logs Analysis- Case Study in South China Sea
Authors Cai Jun, Guo ShuSheng, Gao YongDe, Li HuiGeng and Xian ChengGangPetrology attributes of reservoir rock are fundamental elements resulting varied petrophysical responses, and controlling
reservoir flowing performance. This paper presents a workflow characterizing complex sand-shale sequenced reservoir with a
case study in South China Sea. An integrated approach of integrating elemental neutron capature spectroscopy, formation
micro-resistivity image and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data are used to characterize reservoir petrology attributes of
mineral composition, grain size, sorting and layering fabric; with improved understanding of state dependency problems, such
information is of more use in petrophysical evaluation and reservoir producibility simulation. The information can also be
integrated into further geological study to improve the certainty of model. Such an integrated approach is proven an effective
way to reveal the reservoir intrinsic properties, better to understand interrelationship of sedimentary model, petrology and
petrophysics of target formation, and more accurately to delineate reservoir.
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Single-Well Chemical Tracer Test Experience in the Gulf of Guinea to Determine Remaining Oil Saturation
Authors C. Romero, N. Agenet, A.N. Lesage and G. CassouThe Single Well Tracer Test (SWTT) method has proved to be a reliable technique to measure Remaining Oil saturations
(ROS) consistently. The technique is based on the chromatographic separation of two tracers, a tracer that partitions into the
oil and that hydrolyses in the reservoir, to generate the second tracer, which remains exclusively in the water. Both tracers
are produced through the same well in an interval of a few days and the ROS is determined by means of the difference in
their arrival times at the wellhead.
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Exploring the Interwell Reservoir Space with Crosswell Imaging and Interpretation: An Example of Multi Scale Data Integration from Indonesia
Much has written about seismic interpretation and characterisation of the subsurface and until recently, this topic
has focused on the traditional techniques such as surface seismic and vertical seismic profiling (VSP). One critical
limitation in combining these with well based measurements is the lack of understanding as to what happens to
the seismic signal both away from the well and at a finer resolution (reservoir space) than the surface based
methods. Crosswell seismic helps to bridge the gap in both directions; log property mapping and upscaling these
to field wide scale and seismic property mapping or downscaling surface seismic properties for well correlation.
By nature of the measurement, crosswell provides higher resolution images of the interwell region that augments
the seismic characterisation of the subsurface.
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Hybrid Power Generation for Offshore Wellhead Platform: A Starting Point for Offshore Green Energy
More LessThe purpose of this paper is to present the DC power supply for unmanned remote wellhead platforms (WHP). In several
recent WHP projects, there are a number of difference aspects in Bongkot and Arthit Fields in the PTTEP’s Gulf of Thailand
and one of them is the DC power supply. PTTEP by Wellhead platform department intends to standardize the design of DC
power generation for Generic Wellhead Platforms (Generic WHP) for either Bongkot or Arthit fields.
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Gas Flare Reduction through Operational Enhancement and Innovative Modification and Projects
Authors Ali Hussain Al-Kandari, Ashok Kumar and Omar SadeqDescription:Kuwait Oil Company (KOC), over the past few decades has significantly increased the Oil
production to meet the ever increasing global energy demand. In this process, the production of
associated gas has also gone up many folds, surpassing the Gas handling & exporting capabilities. KOCWest
Kuwait(KOC-WK), surface handling capacity expanded by three folds in 2001 while the
associated gas handling facilities was short of requirements due to improper gas production estimates.
This resulted in significant gas flaring, more than 70%, leading to substantial revenue loss and
environmental impact.
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3D Multi-scale Tomostatics using First Arrivals
Authors Hua-wei Zhou, Zhihui Yan and Fang YuanTomostatics is a technology to estimate a source of error in seismic imageries called near-surface
statics, which are spurious timing variations of seismic reflections caused by the lateral variations in
topography and the thickness of the weathering layer of extremely low seismic velocities. Most tomostatics
methods use first arrivals of seismic data to invert for a near-surface velocity model and estimate the static
corrections based on the model. In this paper we present a 3D tomostatics method based on deformable layer
tomography (DLT) using first arrival data.
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Integrating The Geophysical Characterization Of Seismic Thin Beds With Stochastic Reservoir Modeling: A Case Study From The Kutei Basin (Offshore Kalimantan, Indonesia)
Authors G.R. Cavanna, E. Caselgrandi, E. Corti, A. Amato del Monte, M. Fervari, M. Bello, J. Aruan and C. GoldingIn exploration plays driven by DHI, seismic thin beds are common targets. When resolution capabilities are comparable to
isochrones of remarkable elastic contrasts, reflections tend to fall around tuning thickness, where interference phenomena
prevent a correct calibration of amplitudes to reservoir properties. If a de-tuning step is not applied in seismic characterization,
wrong estimation of reservoir properties and pay thickness may lead to inaccurate volumetrics and misleading geologic
models.
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Design, Implementation and Performance of a Down-Dip WAG Pilot
Authors Manoj K. Choudhary, Bimal Parekh, Ed Dezabala, Dustin Marks, E. Pujiyono and Judith ZambranoWater-alternating-gas (WAG) injection is an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method aimed at increasing sweep efficiency by
contacting zones that are not adequately swept by water injection and by increasing microscopic displacement efficiency as
gravity-aided WAG injection often gives lower remaining oil saturation. WAG performance also depends on whether it is updip
or down-dip injection. Most WAG case studies available in the literature are up-dip WAG injection and most fields with
WAG are in North America. This paper will present a case study of down-dip WAG in a field offshore West Africa.
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Comparison of Fluid Prediction Success between AVO and Bright Spot Techniques in the Marco Polo Field, the Gulf of Mexico
Authors Krongrath Suwannasri, Robert Tatham and Kyle SpikesBright spot amplitude anomalies in seismic data are common indicators of natural gas; however, an interpretation based
purely on these amplitude anomalies often yields a false indication of gas-saturated sands. A data set from the Marco Polo
field, the Gulf of Mexico, demonstrates this problem. A discovery well was drilled into a sequence of bright spot anomalies
that were indeed gas-saturated sands.
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Sequence Stratigraphy of Clastic Overburden of the Miocene Carbonate Gas Province in Central Luconia, Offshore Sarawak, NW Borneo: Implications for Hydrocarbon-Retention Capacity
Authors Eduard Kosa, Amirool Hafrez, Kenneth Boey, Anuar Azhar and Geoffrey WeeCentral Luconia, offshore NW Borneo, is a mature gas province with over 45TCF of g as discovered to date in
Miocene carbonate build-ups buried under Miocene-Recent deltaic clastics. Most commercial discoveries to date
are in carbonate platforms whose large areas contain substantial hydrocarbon volumes even with relatively short
columns. However, the re maining prospectivity resi des mostly in pinnacle-shape carbonates where commercial
volumes require long hydrocarbon columns (Fig. 1A).
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Advancement and Application of Thermal Recovery Technology in Heavy Oil Reservoir in Shengli Petroleum Province
Authors Sun Jianfang, Li Zhenquan and Wu GuanghuanThe main features of heavy oil reservoir in Shengli petroleum province are as bellow: (1) deep reservoir (
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Classification of Microporosity in Carbonates: Examples from Miocene Carbonate Reservoirs of Central Luconia, Offshore Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors Md Habibur Rahman, Bernard J Pierson and Wan Ismail Wan YusoffMiocene carbonate reservoirs may contain appreciable amount of microporosity in grain, cement or matrix. Depending on the
crystallometry and morphometry of micrite particles, microporosity can vary both in amount and in nature. Different kinds of
micrite microtextures may produce different types of microporosity. This study proposes a classification of micrite
microtextures and microporosity.
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A Pragmatic Approach to Enhanced Performance of Slim Mono-Bore Wells
More LessContinuous development and refinement of e-line based well intervention methods help push the performance envelope and
expand the possibilities for optimizing reservoir drainage. The light and agile approach increasingly adds a new dimension to
reservoir management as well intervention becomes viable. In general the resources required to perform production enhancing
well intervention have been reduced, which again has a direct impact on the potential revenue.
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On the Concept and Challenges of Water Saturation Determination and Modeling in Carbonate Reservoirs
Authors Rahim Masoudi, M Hafidz A Halim, Hooman Karkooti and Mohamad OthmanWater saturation in the reservoir is commonly determined by interpretation of the electrical resistivity measurements using the
Archie’s law. The relationship of water saturation and resistivity index is usually characterized by a constant and unique
saturation exponent (i.e. n) for whole reservoir. However, our study in line with various researches in open literature have
shown the dependency of the n exponent to different parameters including the saturation history, wettability, brine salinity and
pore size/type/geometry. This could be among the source of error and challenges in reconciling the core and log derived water
saturation especially in carbonate reservoirs which may lead to unreliable initial volumetric assessment and subsequent
prediction scenarios.
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Geophysical Attributes to Improve the 3D Geopressures Prediction in HP/HT Environment
Authors Patrizia Cibin, Marco Mantovani and Anna MogliaThe scope of the present work is to predict the pore pressure based on seismic attributes for an explorative well
to be drilled in a complex area in terms of structural geology and pressure regimes.
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Investigations of Flow Behavior in Well-Head Jumpers during Restart with Gas and Liquid
Authors Angelina Coletta, Michael Volk and Emmanuel Delle-CaseA very important aspect of offshore operations is the risk associated with flow assurance issues, with hydrates the most
prevalent of them. The risk of hydrate formation brings the possibility of hydrate plug formation in the line which usually
takes a long time to dissociate. Typically, connecting the wellhead with the manifold, the jumper is usually not insulated and
has low spot sections where the water can accumulate - making it one of the most critical locations especially during a restart.
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Capillary Tubing Advancements for Enhanced Production and Reduced Environmental Impact – A Case History Review
Authors Brad Pate and Rick StanleyOver the past several years the industry has seen significant technology advancements that have supported the new
innovative applications for “Capillary Tubing Systems” from basic onshore chemical injection installations to more complex
offshore applications. These innovative applications continuously challenge and redefine the boundaries of conventional well
intervention methodology. Well interventions in any economically challenging environment can sometimes be difficult to
justify. Capillary tubing systems have recently been deployed on challenging new projects in Asia Pacific, Europe and the
USA to provide operators with an alternative cost effective method to maintain well bore integrity and enhance production.
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Real-Time Evaluation of CO2 Production and Sequestration in a Gas Field
Authors M. Aschehoug and C.S. KabirProduction of substantial fraction of CO2 in any hydrocarbon-gas stream poses a significant challenge in terms of separation
and sequestration. Both environmental concerns and economic incentives provide the operators to search for safe, costeffective
ways of disposing CO2.
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IPTT vs. Well Testing and Deconvolution Applications for Thinly Bedded Reservoirs: Case Studies from the Gulf of Thailand
In Asia Pacific region, there are many thinly bedded reservoirs which are composed of interbedded porous and permeable
sands with variable proportions of thin silt and clay beds. These reservoir sand bodies range from millimeters to tens of meters
in thickness. Though the reservoirs are highly permeable, reservoir heterogeneity caused by silt and clay laminations affect
recovery and sweep efficiency.
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Field Scale Geomechanical Modelling Using a New Automated Workflow
Authors Silvia Monaco, Gaia Capasso, Stefano Mantica, S.Donato Milanese, Deepak Datye and Roberto VitaliIn the past, a workflow was internally developed in eni for the field scale study of geomechanical effects induced by reservoir
depletion. This workflow, however, included non-automated procedures as well as simplifications related to the geometry
description, such as smearing of faults and a simplified treatment of layer pinch-outs.
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A 2D on 3D pilot for 4D Feasibility: A Success on a Carbonate Field
Authors Christian Hubans, Enrico Zamboni, Emmanuelle Brechet, Hubert Leher and Alain GiovanniniIt is nothing unusual now to see decisions taken to record time-lapse seismic surveys in unconsolidated sands or turbidite
environments. The Gulfs of Mexico and Guinea are typical areas for which investment in seismic monitoring raises no
questions. However, in other areas, such as carbonate fields, the question is less clear, because the physical behavior of
carbonate rocks is difficult to describe accurately. Very few examples of 4D monitoring in carbonate environments can be
found in the literature.
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Simulation of Hydrate Dynamics in Reservoirs
Authors M.T. Vafaei, B. Kvamme, A. Chejara and K. JemaiGas hydrates in reservoirs are generally not in thermodynamic equilibrium and there may be several competing phase
transitions involving hydrate. Formation of carbon dioxide hydrates during aquifer storage of carbon dioxide involves roughly
10% volume increase compared to groundwater. Dissociation of hydrate towards under saturated fluid phases involves the
same level of contraction. Hydrate phase transitions are generally fast (scales of seconds) compared to mineral dissolution and
precipitation and it is unlikely that a time shifted explicit coupling to geo mechanical analysis will be able to capture the
appropriate dynamic couplings between flow and changes in stress.
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Sinphuhorm, Thailand Pipeline Integrity Management Utilizing Advanced Monitoring Techniques
Authors Lawrence M. Cenegy, Clyde A. McAfee, Rachan Engchanil and Apisith ThatsanaAs a primary energy source, natural gas continues to play a major role in meeting Thailand’s energy requirements and is
preferred for generating the country’s electricity. As energy demand increases, a fully integrated pipeline integrity program
for wet gas pipelines becomes necessary to ensure safe production from Thailand’s gas fields. This paper presents an
overview of the corrosion mitigation and monitoring strategies implemented on a 63.5 km (40 mile) long, 385 mm (15.2 in)
maximum internal diameter, carbon steel wet gas pipeline. The pipeline is in Khon Kaen Province, located northeast of
central Thailand.
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Integrated Crosswell Seismic Application Across a Giant Carbonate Field for High Resolution Reservoir Properties Estimation
Authors F. Miranda, C. D‘Agosto, S. Terzuoli and D. GranaThis paper describes the application of Integrated Crosswell Seismic (ICS) in a carbonate reservoir at a giant carbonate field
to estimate reservoir properties, petrophysics and facies, from seismic information. Besides high resolution seismic imaging
for structural information, sections of porosity, gamma ray and volume of clay distribution were estimated to determine the
vertical and lateral facies changes between the selected wells.
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Modeling Gas Migration, Distribution, And Saturation In A Structurally And Petrologically Evolving Tight Gas Reservoir
Authors John S. Davis, Isolde Belien, Xiaoli Liu and Susan DoughertyEarly prediction of the distribution and saturation state of natural gas in tight gas reservoirs results in improved development
and production strategy, improved recoverable volumes estimates, and decreased costs associated with development and
production. Three-dimensional basin modeling coupled with three-dimensional invasion percolation-based migration
modeling of the NW German Basin shows promise for prediction of gas distributions and saturations in a tight gas reservoir
with a complex history.
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Unlocking the Limits of Sand Screen Reliability with an Innovative and Self-Adapting Technology
Authors C.S. Yeh, T.J. Moffett, C.S. Mayer, N.S. Bailey D.A. Howell, M.D. Barry, M.T. Hecker, A. Green, G.A. Gillespie, C.A. Hall and S. McNameeSand screens subjected to increasingly complex and challenging environments are pushed to the limit of maintaining reliable
sand control. Both preventive and reactive methods have considerably improved sand screen reliability, but the effectiveness
of these methods in sustaining production is still limited by downhole uncertainties. Consequently, innovative sand screens
are required to enhance sand control reliability, while maintaining operational simplicity. MazeFlo™ is one recent
technology innovation from ExxonMobil designed to meet this challenge.
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Thin-skinned Thrust-fault Complex in the Phu Quoc Basin, SW Vietnam
Authors Emil Bach Madsen and Stig A. Schack PedersenThe Phu Quoc Basin is a Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous foreland basin located SW of Vietnam in the eastern part of the
Gulf of Thailand. A structural model for the basin is provided based on the interpretation of a commercial 2 D digital multichannel
reflection seismic survey in a rectangular open grid with an approximate distance between the lines of 8 km. The
survey consists of 29 profiles totalling about 1500 km with a range of 7 sec TWT depth.
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Fiber Optic Technology for Reservoir Surveillance
Authors J.M.V.A. Koelman, J.L. Lopez and J.H.H.M. PottersFiber-optic sensing technology for in-well applications has traditionally focused on temperature profiling. This has
limited the application of fiber-optic reservoir surveillance to recovery processes with a pronounced thermal signature.
Currently, novel fiber-optic technologies entering the market promise a much wider range of subsurface measurements. This
opens new avenues in well and reservoir management and highlights the opportunity for fiber-optics to become a pervasive
oilfield technology. In this paper we discuss field trials that combine Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS), Distributed
Strain Sensing (DSS) and Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS). These trials demonstrate the potential of fiber-optic sensing
technology for well integrity monitoring, gas lift optimization, in-flow profiling and downhole seismic acquisition.
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Complexity of Minifrac Tests and Implications for In-Situ Horizontal Stresses in Coalbed Methane Reservoirs
Authors Zhi Fang and Abbas KhaksarMinifrac tests are used to obtain key parameters of reservoirs for geomechanical modeling and hydraulic fracture treatment
design. An ideal minifrac test can clearly indicate the leak-off pressure, fracture propagation pressure, shut-in pressure and
fracture closure pressure. Repeated minifrac tests in the same interval provide additional value by verifying the fracture
parameters with similar results. However, minifrac tests of two wells conducted in a coal seam in a coalbed methane (CBM)
reservoir in China showed unconventional results – the fracture profile is less distinguishable for the fracture behaviors, and
the subsequent test cycles in each well exhibited higher pressures than the precursors.
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The Petrophysics of Shale Gas Reservoirs: Technical Challenges and Pragmatic Solutions
Authors Vivian K. Bust, Azlan A. Majid, Joshua U. Oletu and Paul F. WorthingtonThe host rocks of shale gas accumulations act as source, seal and reservoir. They are characterized by complex pore systems
with ultra-low to low interparticle permeability and low to moderate porosity. The word “shale” is used in the sense of a
geological formation rather than a lithology, so shale gas reservoirs can show marked variations in rock type from claystones,
marlstones and mudstones to sandstone and carbonate lithological “sweet spots”. The pore space includes both intergranular
and intrakerogen porosity.
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Process Optimisation in Acid Gas Removal System
This paper mainly describes challenges in process design and operation optimization of Acid Gas Removal System with
membrane separation technology in developing high CO2 gas fields. It concentrates on techniques and applications being
used in CO2 Removal System of Arthit Offshore Processing Plant located in the Gulf of Thailand in which PTT Exploration
and Production Public Company Limited (PTTEP) is an operator. This plant was designed based on export gas at 363
MMscfd with feed CO2 up to 40% and lower down to 23% in Sales gas.
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Advancements in Openhole Completion Technology - Establishing and Sustaining Differentiating Sand Control Completion Performance
Authors M.D. Barry, M.T. Hecker, C.S. Yeh and T.J. MoffettOpenhole completions are often selected as the preferred completion technique to maximize reservoir flow potential and
provide reliable, high capacity, low skin completions. In many environments, these completions will also require some form
of sand control. To meet development objectives, operators are continually challenged to select, design, and install fit-forpurpose
completion strategies to optimize ultimate recovery for these fields. These challenges necessitated the creation of
new practices, procedures, and hardware to ensure consistent delivery of reliable wellbores, across the entire organization, to
achieve long-term, economic success.
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Quantification of Pore Structure in a Miocene Carbonate Build-up of Central Luconia, Sarawak and Its Relationship to Sonic Velocity
Authors Nor Sara Izzatti Bashah and Bernard J. PiersonCarbonate rocks frequently exhibit velocity-porosity relationships less predictable than those found in
siliciclastics because of complex and heterogeneous pore structures. Traditional pore-type classifications
describe these pore structures but are inadequate for correlations to the rock’s physical properties.
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A Multidisciplinary Integrated Approach to Natural Fracture Detection, Characterization and Modeling and Its Application
Authors Zhaoming Wang, Huiwen Xie, Gengxin Peng, Duoming Zheng, Feng Shen and Yang ZhangUnderstanding anisotropic and heterogeneous characteristics of fractures in the seismic and fluid flow leads to a
multidisciplinary approach which can efficiently reduce the uncertainties of the fracture model. This paper presents an
integrated workflow in which multi discipline techniques incorporating static and dynamic field data sets deliver an
understanding of fracture impacts on well performance and reservoir dynamic behavior at different stages of field
development. Imaging logs are used to identify fracture sets and quantify fracture variations of the density and orientation with
the reservoir depth.
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Side-wall Coring: Advanced In-situ Freeze-Core Technique
The importance of obtaining a perfect core of a petroleum reservoir is undisputed. Despite tremendous advances in coring
techniques, some basic problems remain as challenging as ever. One of these is the coring of unconsolidated formations.
Most side-wall cores result in partially damaged cores, totally damaged cores or no core at all, especially in unconsolidated
formations. This proposed technique promises to greatly improve the recovery, quality and longevity of the core, thereby
resulting in a much better interpretation.
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Investigating the Effect of Polymer Gels Swelling Phenomenon under Reservoir Conditions on Polymer Conformance Control Process
More LessHigh water cut and water influx into production wells has become a serious problem in producing oil. Polymer gels
treatment has been applied widely for near well bore regions to reduce water production. In water shut - off process, effective
permeability, permeability reduction after gels treatment plays an important role for evaluating the level of reducing water cut.
However, under complex reservoir conditions including pH, salinity, high pressure, and temperature, the polymer gels
behavior is significantly affected by those parameters, such as pH affects to the gel strength; the difference in salinity
concentration between formation water and polymer solvent (water) causes swelling phenomenon by osmotic pressure.
Moreover, due to the presenting of reservoir crude oil, the shrinking phenomenon of polymer gels is taken into account. The
swelling and shrinking phenomenon affect extremely on blocking porous media.
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Using Marketing Technology in Reservoir Engineering: The Application of Data Driven Predictive Analysis on a Mature Oil Field
Mature fields allow for a novel approach to generate forecasts for infill drilling, borrowing techniques developed in marketing.
Fields with a long production history usually have an abundance of both basic data and production data, which can be linked
and utilised to obtain reliable forecasts. This takes away the need to build a time-consuming, full field simulation model. The
forecasting method is referred to as Data Driven Predictive Analysis.
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Appraising Unconventional Resource Plays: Separating Reservoir Quality from Completion Effectiveness
Authors C. Cipolla, R. Lewis, S. Maxwell and M. MackAppraisal wells in unconventional, very low permeability, resource plays require large hydraulic fracture treatments to assess
economic viability. In many cases, drainage area and hydrocarbon recovery are defined by the areal extent and effectiveness
of the hydraulic fracture treatment. To increase the drainage area and recovery per well, multiple hydraulic fracture
treatments in horizontal and vertical wells are now common, resulting in more complex and expensive completions.
Therefore, appraising the completion and hydraulic fracture treatment are just as important as appraising the reservoir. Unlike
conventional reservoirs, the complexity and heterogeneity of unconventional resources can make reliable reservoir
characterization difficult, which can result in significant uncertainty when evaluating appraisal well performance. Therefore,
applying the appropriate technologies for unconventional reservoirs and a holistic approach are essential to properly separate
reservoir quality from completion effectiveness.
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Laboratory Study on Mass Transfer of ASP Flooding
Authors Jialu Wang, Fashun Shi and Xu JiaThe synergic effect of alkali, surfactant and polymer is applied in ASP flooding. ASP flooding is a very complex physicalchemical
process, the fluid flow and mass transfer of chemicals in porous media are two major theoretical problems. A
physical modeling system of long slim tube was established in present research to study mass transfer of ASP flooding in
reservoir condition. Several measuring pressure and sampling points were laid out at different positions along the tube.
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Enhancing Recovery in High Salinity Oil Reservoirs through Optimized Polymer Flood
Authors M. Algharaib, A. Alajmi and R. GharbiThe applications of Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) techniques are encouraged by the growing demand for oil.
Optimizing oil production from current resources is becoming the main strategy for many oil producing companies around
the world. Among EOR processes, polymer flooding is an attractive option in many reservoirs. The objective of polymer
flooding is to control water mobility inside the reservoir to favor higher oil recovery. Several design parameters are critical
for the success of polymer flooding applications.
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New Approach and Innovative Technology Application in Complex and Mature Reservoirs
The Huizhou oil fields located offshore south China have been in production for 20 years. Since early 2007, a horizontal
drilling campaign used conventional resistivity, gamma ray, and density-neutron logging-while-drilling (LWD) tools with a
geosteering technique based on real-time images has been applied to recover bypassed reserves.
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Crosswell Seismic and Electromagnetics: New Advances in Interwell Imaging
Authors A. Nalonnil, P. Zhang, B. Marion, J.G. Phillips and S. DograCrosswell imaging as a concept and measurement technique for the oilfield has been maturing over the past two
decades. As part of this development, both the seismic and electromagnetic versions of the measurement have
seen recent advances that have allowed the technologies to answer more complex imaging requirements in the
industry today. This paper features case studies which focus on the areas in which the methods have advanced,
specifically; downhole seismic source, frequency attenuation tomography and indicator probability imaging.
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The Influence of Reservoir Rock Wettability on CO2-Foam Stability in Porous Media
Authors Roozbeh Rafati and Hossein HamidiCO2 injection to produce more crude oil from the underground hydrocarbon reservoirs is one of the best methods
to prevent the entry of this greenhouse gas into the atmosphere. Although the low viscosity and density of the gas
create a viscous fingering and gravity override problems and reduce volumetric sweep efficiency of this process.
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Enhancing Coal Seam Gas Exploitation with Crosswell Seismic: Case Histories
Authors S. Dogra, T. Morgan, A. Nalonnil, M. Shafiq and B.P. MarionFundamental to successfully developing coal seam gas prospects is the ability to image fine scale structure and
stratigraphy of coal seams and th e surrounding formation away from the w ell so as to be tter estimate the next
drilling location to target maximum net pay zones. Much has been written about seismic imaging in coal seam gas
development over the past few years, yet conventional techniques of surface seismic and vertical seismic profiling
have not met the r esolution requirements to he lp in making more informed development decisions. Crosswell
seismic is a proven technique that helps achieving a vertical resolution of 1-3 m, well within the range required for
coal seam imaging. This paper discusses two c ase examples that highlight the imaging capability and potential
applications of gas monitoring specific to coal reservoirs.
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Development of Economical Gas-tight Casing Connection for Low Pressure Gas Field Application
Authors Jiandong Wang, Lineng Yang, Shengyin Song, Xiaoming Yi, Dongfeng Li and Wei zhangChangqing Sulige gas field in China covers a large area of low pressure (reservoir pressure of less than
35 MPa) and low permeability reservoir. It was noted that the production rate per well has been low.
Therefore, to increase the production efficiency, it was necessary to increase the number of wells to be
drilled. As a result, casing connections became a large portion of the total cost of the field development. A
low cost gas-tight casing connection would help to reduce the development cost in Sulige gas field.
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Comparison of Fracture Conductivities from Field and Lab
Authors Desheng Zhou, Gang Zhang, Min Ruan, Anwu He and Dengfeng WeiAmerican Petroleum Institute (API) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO) provide short-term and
long-term proppant pack conductivity tests in lab. Those are the standard in testing proppant pack conductivity and are
widely used in the industry during fracture design. However, the standard results are far from actual fracture conductivity as
many factors are not included in the standard tests.
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Drilling Systems Automation - A Technology That is at a Tipping Point
Authors John P de Wardt and Jim RogersThis paper covers the recent developments of drilling systems automation and demonstrates that this technology application
is at a tipping point; this is a point at which immense change is about to occur. The authors are key members of the SPE
Drilling Systems Automation Technology Section; one organizes key industry workshops and panel sessions, the other
implements autonomous drilling systems. Knowledge of the status and imminent growth of this revolutionary application of
technology is vitally important to businesses within the upstream oil and gas industry.
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Sequence Stratigraphic Interpretation of the Cretaceous through Miocene Section, Barcoo Sub-basin, Browse Basin, Northwest Shelf, Australia
Authors Kasira Laitrakull, Paul Weimer and Renaud BouroullecThe Browse Basin is one of four major sedimentary basins along the Northwest Shelf of Australia; large portions
remain largely unexplored. The study area is located in the Barcoo sub-basin, which was a major depocenter of the Browse
Basin. The sequence stratigraphic framework for Cretaceous through middle Miocene strata was developed to evaluate the
stratigraphic trap potential of the basin. Analysis was based on the interpretation of 11,800 km of 2D seismic and log data from
four exploration wells. Six second-order mega-sequences were recognized (145.5-112.0, 112.0-89.3, 89.3-65.5, 65.5-23.0,
23.0-19.0 and 19.0-14.2 Ma). Each mega-sequence was further subdivided into two to seven third-order depositional
sequences; each of these sequences was defined and summarized with structural, isochron, seismic facies, and geologic facies
analyses.
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Field Development and Production Optimization Integrating Reservoir Compaction, Sand Production and Wellbore Stability Modeling: A Field Case Study
Some technical uncertainties during the planning phase of field development can be identified and properly addressed with the
aid of a suitable geomechanical analysis. Uncertainties includes unrealistic mud-weight drilling windows (with NPT related to
WBS), pressure drawdown uncertainties related to sand production with wrong selection of wells and perforations orientations
and uncertainties in subsidence and production loss as a result of reservoir compaction. Operators have been faced with some
of the above concerns during the development of a field.
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Ranking Production Potential Based on Key Geological Drivers - Bakken Case Study
The Bakken Play is a lithologically complex, mixed carbonate-clastic and low porosity-permeability petroleum system
comprised of juxtaposed source rocks and reservoir intervals. The play spans variable source maturity, reservoir pressure and
temperature, and fluid type. The target reservoirs are thin (below seismic resolution), gently-dipping and variably affected by
subtle structure, faults or natural fractures.
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4D Seismic Integration with Production Analysisfor Pressure–Saturation Detection
Authors M.S. Salbiah, B. Shuhadah and A.H. Mohd Firdaus4D seismic (or seismic reservoir monitoring) have been applied to many field s in the worl d, to monitor rese rvoir
changes due to production. Monitoring reservoirs based on changes on seismic response due to fluid substitution
and/or changes of pressure are able to locate bypassed oil, water/gas-flood fronts or steam-fronts.
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Successful Application Of Ultrasound Technology To Detect Sand Producing Intervals In The Wellbore
Authors Farik Mohd Daud, Hasni Jusoh, Azhan Mohamed, Then Eii Feng and Sathish Kumar BatumelaiSand production in oil and gas wells not only poses a serious threat to hydrocarbon production, but can also
cause extensive damage to equipment, such as subsurface tubing, surface valves and pipelines. Produced sand
is also an environmental hazard, and needs to be disposed of in an environmentally safe way. Effective sand
management is therefore a major concern in the oil and gas industry.
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Integrated Risk Assessment and Management of Oil Spills in the Gulf of Thailand
More LessIn the aftermath of the massive oil spills in the Timor Sea and the Gulf of Mexico there is heightened wariness and many
questions about the sustainability of offshore exploration for oil and its marine transportation. Traditionally, oil spill
management has been a reactive rather than proactive process involving containment, dispersal, capture, and possibly beaching
and clean up of oil spills. There was little forward planning on how to minimize and manage oil slicks to reduce the
environmental impacts. This is no longer accepted by the public and so new proactive approaches are needed.
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A Methodology of Well Abandoning in Offshore Field
Authors B.T.H. Marbun, B. Cayhoniarso and S. SinagaEvery living creature has their very own life cycle: born, growth, and death. These are also applied to all oil, gas, and
geothermal wells. Starting from the drilling of the well, the production of the reservoir fluids, and finally the plugging and the
abandonment of the well.
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The Comparative Study of Thermal and Chemical EOR in Unconsolidated Siliciclastic Reservoir Containing Medium Heavy Oil
Pru Krathiam (PKM) is a small onshore, unconsolidated sandstone reservoir in Thailand containing medium heavy oil with
viscosity of approximately 50 cp. Fluvial channels supplied sediments to form mouth bar sands in lake with sand thickness of
1 to 3 meters. In its 25 years of natural depletion, the field has achieved merely 1.7% recovery factor. The difficulty in
production has been attributed to aquifer support combined with unfavorable mobility, and sand production. Secondary and
tertiary recovery methods have been investigated, with the assumption that sufficient sand-control could be implemented.
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Reducing Gas Flaring by Improving Turndown Ratio of Centrifugal Compressor
Authors Falah Al-Azmi and Chirag ParikhThe Oil and Gas Gathering and Processing facilities at West Kuwait field of Kuwait Oil Compnay operates turbine
driven multistage (LP/HP) centrifugal compressor for transportation of produced gas. The main challenge for these
facilities is to operate it at lower production capacities at many instaces due to various reasons. The crude oil
processing units of these facilities were able to operate smoothly for as low as 25% of design capacity. However,
the turn down ratio for gas compressors was limited to 55%. This limitation was resulting in offloading of
compressor and subsequent gas flaring when facility was operated at lower production rates.
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A Methodology of Underbalanced Drilling Design in Depleted Reservoir
Authors B.T.H. Marbun, S.Z. Sinaga, I. Hariz and C. LumbangaolWhen overbalanced drilling is done in depleted reservoir, lost circulation occurs and cause formation damaged.
Underbalanced drilling (UBD) is proposed to be done to prevent lost circulation and increases production due to minimizes
formation damaged. Besides, as formation being drilled underbalanced, it is possible to produce hydrocarbons from permeable
zones, therefore earlier benefit could be acquired by company as producing phase began.
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DeepLift – The Innovative Gaslift Bypass Packer Technique
Producing more oil, but with less input power consumption challenges all E&P companies as they pursue
sustainable energy resources. The innovative gaslift technique makes surmounting this challenge possible. The
conventional gaslift well system has long been in use worldwide, but the design itself results in depth limiting of
the lifting capability. Locating the side pocket mandrel just above the packer, where the gaslift valve is installed,
as deep as possible is a well-known design.
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S1 Asset Integrity Model and Management System
Authors Apisak Sri-amorntham, Roungwit Chinpongpan and Anan ChansakranSirikit oilfield; a better known as S1, has steadfastly delivered petroleum products to serve its country for 28 years. With its
dedication towards corporate vision fulfillment, a target in 2010s decade which challenges this matured S1 asset is to maintain
production of 20,000 BBLD through operation excellence and holistic sustainability.
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Workflow For Surface Multiple Attenuation In Shallow Water
Authors Barry Hung and Kunlun YangSurface related multiple elimination (SRME) method is known to have difficulties in attenuating shallow water multiples.
Particularly, for water-layer related multiples in shallow water environment such as the Gulf of Thailand because the primary
water-bottom reflection that is required by SRME for predicting the multiples is not recorded due to the near offset gap
between the source and the streamers.
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Flow Unit Characterization aided by Quantified Secondary Porosity Result from High Resolution LWD Images in Heterogeneous Carbonate Reservoir; A Novel Approach
Authors Yogesh Bahukhandi, Somenath Kar, Chandan Majumdar, Dipanka Behari Roy and U C BhattHeera field is one of the most prolific fields in the Mumbai offshore basin in India. The field belongs to
one of the six tectonic blocks (Heera-Panna-Basseinn block) of Mumbai offshore basin. Carbonates are
by far the major contributor in terms of hydrocarbon production in this field. Presence of Vugs,
Fractures and Solution enhanced features makes it a real challenging job to understand the porosity
distribution within this reservoir. Characterizing and quantifying the complex secondary porosity profile
and identifying different flow unit is immensely important for production optimization and appropriate
completion design. The challenge of understanding the porosity heterogeneity of Carbonate reservoir
further increases where critical borehole condition averts the possibility of running high resolution
Wireline imaging tool.
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Application of Molecular Simulations to CO2-EOR: Phase Equilibria and Interfacial Phenomena
Authors Dai Makimura, Makoto Kunieda, Yunfeng Liang and Toshifumi MatsuokaMolecular simulation is a powerful technique by which we can obtain thermodynamic properties of the system of given
composition at desired temperature and pressure, and it enables us to observe microscopic phenomena by direct visualization.
In this work, two important phenomena related to CO2-EOR were investigated by molecular simulations: interfacial
phenomena and phase-equilibria.
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Dealing with Complexity of Combination Traps in the North Malay Basin
Authors Pakpoom Sriyarak, Ahmad Anis, Khunamai Rungsai and Teerasak BunpitaksakulThe hydrocarbons production in the North Malay Basin, Gulf of Thailand, has been focused primarily on the post-rift reservoir
formation, for example, Arthit and Bongkot Fields. The targets consist of mixed coarsening upward deltaic and crevasse splay
deposits interbedded with fining upward channel deposits as well as organic-rich shales and coals. During the early phase of
the development, wells were targeted and appraised mainly within the structural closure and/or the bright seismic amplitude
anomalies. The well results show that the hydrocarbons were trapped even outside or beyond the structural closure as well as
with or without seismic anomalies. Over the last few years, a number of wells including development, appraisal and
exploration wells gave unexpected results either too good or too bad. The pre-drilled prediction and post-drilled results
sometimes gave considerably difference both net pay thickness and hydrocarbon in-place. The seismic attributes are not
always able to indicate the hydrocarbons accumulation.
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Identification, Significance and Correlation of Mass Transport Complexes in Malaysian Deep Water Fields
Authors Hong Chin Weng, Eleanor Rollett, Kelly Maguire, Greg Stone, Serge Hayon and Liau Boon LeongDue to high well costs, one of the primary risks in developing deepwater fields is the lack of understanding of reservoir
compartmentalization at the initial development stage. Observed pressure compartmentalization in a field in deepwater North
West Borneo, currently undergoing field development planning, has been interpreted as being due to a combination of faulting
and stratigraphy. Direct mapping of the reservoir sands from seismic is not possible as they are below seismic resolution and
the sand thickness or character varies along the field.
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Effect of Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Expansion Cone Material
Authors Sayyad Zahid Qamar and Tasneem PervezAISI D6 is a high-carbon high-chromium cold-work tool steel. It has excellent resistance to wear and
abrasion, high compressive strength, and good edge holding quality and dimensional stability. These
properties make it an ideal choice for use as a tool for blanking, punching, cropping, shearing, trimming
and clipping.
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Design a Model for Natural Gas Value Chain with Creative Industry Cluster with Market Viewpoint
More LessOil and gas value chain is included exploration (seismic survey, exploratory wells, logging, and data interpretation),
extraction (drilling wells (productive / dry)), production (well completion and treatment and processing), transportation
(pipelines, LNG carriers, CNG carriers), storage (reservoirs, aquifers, salt caverns), distribution (distribution through local
distribution companies to end users), and marketing (physical and financial trading and retailing).
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Improving Seismic Velocity Estimation Through Separation Of Seismic Diffractions And Specular Reflections
More LessFor optimized imaging and subsequent interpretation of subsurface structures, we need to e stimate a
velocity-depth model f rom seismic data records. To minimi ze the risk in oil and g as exploration, it is cru cial to
estimate the velocities very accurately, since they form the basis for generating reliable imaging results.
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4D Seismics Improves Reservoir Management - A Case Study On Angsi
Prudent reservoir management has ever been a challenge in water injection reservoirs. Monitoring this injection mechanism
is essential to understand near term pressure response, evaluate pattern behaviour and take necessary measures to arrest
decline and improve recovery. In Angsi water injection has commenced in reservoir I-X in early 2002. Strong production
demand with premature watercuts in certain parts of the reservoir has posed a serious challenge to effective reservoir
management. High water production in updip wells could not be explained by normal reservoir engineering tools. Tracer
study initiated did not provide conclusive results. Seismic history consisted of 3D seismic in 1995 reprocessed in 2005
followed by new 3D data acquired in 2006. To understand the reservoir better, 4D seismic interpretation has been carried out
recently. The results helped to explain the complex waterflow paths in the updip of the reservoir, which could not be
explained by the depositional models or the reservoir engineering tools.
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Rock Type Classification and Saturation Modeling in a Heterogeneous Low-Permeability Reservoir from Offshore India
Authors Gunja Agarwal, Rajiv Sagar and Dr. Bijay Kumar BeheraIn any reservoir modeling exercise, accurate estimation of initial water saturation is crucial to determine the in-place
hydrocarbon volumes. The water saturation in a reservoir is a function of the reservoir rock quality and the capillary
forces present.
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Petroleum System Analysis Using Geochemical Studies, Isotope and 1D Basin Modeling in Hendijan Oil Field, SW Iran
Hendijan oil field is located in north of Persian Gulf and is producing oil from 3 different reservoirs.
Geochemical studies of candidate source rocks have revealed that four interval of source rocks exist in
this region that could generate hydrocarbons. These formations include: Pabdeh (Tertiary), Kazhdumi
(Albian), Garau (L.Certaceous) and Sargelu (M.Jurrasic).
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Use of Reservoir Simulation to Help Gas Shale Reserves Estimation
Authors Michele Segatto and Ivan ColomboScope of this pape r it to supply a workflow for gas shale simulation: starting from selection of best porosity
model, through a definition of the mo st impacting phenomena hierarchy, it comes to a real application on gas
shale in Barnett basin.
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Time-lapse Microgravity Application for Estimating Fluid Density Changes of Multilayer Reservoir Using DSMVD Technique
More LessThe fluid density changes parameter in a reservoir during production and injection fluid activities is very interesting to be
analyzed. Through this parameter it can be identified the reservoir mass changes and its impact on the effectiveness of
production and injection wells in a reservoir. One of the indirect monitoring technologies has been widely used to observe this
parameter is a time-lapse microgravity method. For the case of a single-layer reservoir such as carbonate reservoir, the fluid
density changes can be estimated easily because the gravity response measured on the surface directly reflects the fluid density
changes in the targeted reservoir. This is in contrast to the case of a multilayer reservoir such as sandstone reservoir, the fluid
density changes of each layer becomes more difficult to be predicted, because it depends on the processing technique used,
also requires the completeness of supporting data such as volume of reservoir fluid production and injection during a period of
gravity measurement on the surface.
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Unconventional Reservoirs Probabilistic Reserve Estimation Using Decline Curves
Authors Antonio Minin, Laura Guerra and Ivan ColomboThe purpose of this work is to propose a methodology for Reserve Estimation in Unconventional Reservoirs, based on a set
of production forecasts, generated from decline curves, that follow a probabilistic approach.
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Integrated Subsurface Analysis for Conceptual Geological Model Development of Basement, Ingoli Field, Cambay Basin, India
As the exploration for hydrocarbon resources continues to move into nontraditional areas, geologists are targeting reservoir
rocks not usually associated with typical sedimentary-basin settings. One such group of rocks are volcanic rocks.
In drilling 10 wells in the Deccan volcanic province in the Ingoli field in the Cambay basin, all wells encountered thick
sections of Deccan basalt with intermittent fine-grained intratrappeans. However, only three of the wells produced
hydrocarbon.
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Integrated Well Log Electrofacies and Seismic Facies Modeling for Stratigraphic Trap Identification in Carbonate Reservoirs, North Oman
More LessOne of the key approaches to look for a stratigraphic prospect in the carbonate reservoir is to map out areas that have changes
in the rock facies laterally. A workflow of the 2009-2010 exploration study focuses on four key components: Regional new
play concepts, Well log electrofacies, Seismic facies classification, and Prospect evaluation. This helps to predict stratigraphic
traps and lithofacies changes within the study area. The electrofacies analysis calibrated to a reprocessed high resolution 3D
seismic has been carried out in conjunction with Natih and Shuaiba prospecting concept and analogue fields compilation.
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Gas Lift Journey to Maximize the Asset Value in Platong Field, Gulf of Thailand
Operating Platong field in the Gulf of Thailand (GoT) is challenging because of the small compartmentalized reservoirs in the
fluvial deposition environment. As the completion strategy has to be low cost in order to achieve the economic hurdle rate and
the initial strategy is to develop to be a gas field, a lot of existing oil wells do not have the artificial lift system in place.
Without artificial lift, most of the oil wells usually cease flowing in 2-6 months. Therefore, the artificial lift is crucial to
prolong the well life in Platong. Gas lift currently plays a very important role in Platong field. With the continuous initiation
and operation improvement, production from Platong gas lifted wells has been gradually increasing from 10% in June 2008 to
50% of total field production in June 2011.
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Indonesia ‘’Tunu 18 days’’ Project Case History: Innovations and New Technologies Bringing the Well Construction Performance to Unthinkable Levels
Authors Samir OUMER, Fajarianto WIDIWIBOWO, Fata YUNUS and Jean-Claude CHOUXTunu is a giant gas field discovered in 1977 and located in the Indonesian Mahakam delta, East Kalimantan. To support the
field development maintaining a high gas production level, more than 750 wells have been drilled and completed. Late 2010,
Tunu field cumulative production was over 7.5 Tcf gas.
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Application of PSDM Imaging for Reservoir Characterisation in the Northern Malay Basin: A Case Study
Authors Loic Michel, Chee Hau Hoo, Hampson Russell and Mark.J. FlynnSeismic imaging in the northern Malay Basin frequently suffers due to the limitations imposed on Kirchoff Time
Migration by the complexiti es of structure, lithology, stratigraphy and fluid effect s that occur in the area (Reilly et
al., 2008 and Ghosh et al., 2010). A rece nt Pre-Stack Depth Migration (PSDM) project not only enhanced the
reservoir imaging, it also enabled the production of amplitude preserved volumes th at were u sed to i mprove
reservoir characterisation studies for gas-pay prediction.
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Review of Ultrashort-Radius Radial System (URRS)
Authors S.K. Putra, S.Z. Sinaga and B.T.H. MarbunThe objective for the Ultrashort-radius radial system is to provide an extended wellbore radius by means
of multiple radials from a vertical wellbore (i.e., to effect an extended completion or extended pipe
perforations). It can be applied both in new and old wells. Its main technique is to use high pressure jet
flow energy, given by a special high pressure jet tube, to penetrate and elongate a number of lateral well
bores radiated from the main well bore in the same layer or different layer so as to expose the pay zone as
much as possible and increases the Enhanced Oil Recovery. The choice of radial length, number of
radials, and radial array is a function of the reservoir properties.
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B-Field Reservoir Characterization and Modeling - Carbonate Excess Permeability Using Single and Dual Porosity Models
By Michael SunThe B-field, located on Central Java, Indonesia, is a steep flanked carbonate structure of Oligo-Miocene age with
approximately 1,000 m of relief rel ative to the surro unding platform. The extensive form ation evaluation program
for large carbonate oil fie lds shows that geologic features such as ka rst and fractures can be very effective to
enhance productivity and thus production but they can also provide detrimental connection between the producing
oil zone and the overlying gas and underlying water zones. Characterizing this type of system is a huge challenge
for reservoir simulators.
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Interpreting Geological Systems from Seismic Attributes: Reasons for Caution from the Northern Malay Basin
Authors Duncan C. Barr, Mark J. Flynn, Ong Cheng Sun and Krishnan DharmarajanSeismic attributes are routinely used to interpret depositional patterns, particularly where channel systems form
the main reservoir sands. This paper presents an example of an apparently clearly imaged channel-like feature,
the size of which did not match that implied by pressure transient analysis.
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The North Malay Basin; Analog for the Reservoir Distribution of the Triassic Rift Basins, Northeastern, Thailand
Authors Teerapong Pongpisuttinan, Ahmad Anis and Piyanuch PonthanomThe North Malay Basin is an i ntra-cratonic basin formed by rifting in early Tertiary time. North-South (N-S) and
Northwest–Southeast (NW-SE) oriented normal faults form a series of a symmetric half grabens. Some of these
have shown the best imaged seismically. Combined with a number of wells that penetrated the synrift section in
this and adjacent half-grabens, leads us to a clear p icture of the overall geometry and reservoir distribution of the
basins. In attempt to understand more about the nature and type of reservoi rs encountered in the North Malay
Basin, Na Phor Song, the Triassic Rift Basin lo cated in northeastern part of Thailand was selected to conduct
geological field survey. The outcrop exposures of this basin and subsurface data from the North Malay Basin were
studied and compared, resulting in th e definition of 8 synrift sedimentary facies: Alluvial Facies, Fluvial Facies,
Proximal Delta Facies, Shoreface Facies, Lacustrine Swamp Facies, Distal Delta Facies, Deep Lacustrine Facies
and Fan Delta Facies.
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Simulation and Analysis of Production Induced Reservoir Compaction using Geomechanical Formulation of Fracturing Technology (GFFT) for Stress Prediction
Authors A. Haghi, R. Kharrat and M. AsefFor a depleting unconsolidated or poorly consolidated hydrocarbon reservoir, the decrease in reservoir pressure as a result of
production would have a significant impact on the physical properties of the formation. Deformations commonly observed in
producing reservoirs include compaction, fault reactivations and surface subsidence. Understanding the deformation
mechanisms associated with these changes will have important implications for many aspects of oilfield development
especially in reservoir management scheme.
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Modelling of Permeability Reduction Caused by Fine Scaled lamination of Deeply Buried Aeolian Sediments
Authors Joachim Strobel, Titte Nurul Fatima and Otto SillDespite seemingly good reservoir quality as seen by routine core and log analyses, certain gas reservoirs composed of aeolian
dunes from Lower Permian age at around 5000m depth show poor well test results with respect to deliverability and connected
volume.
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Maximizing Ultimate Platform Recovery By Unlocking Unconventional Gas Reserves And Implementing A New Geologically Driven Drilling Strategy Arthit Offshore Gas Field, North Malay Basin, Gulf Of Thailand
As the Arthit development team was reviewing the Arthit field in-place volume and production data, a new way of
looking at the hydro carbon traps emerged that hel ped understanding the hydrocarbon distribution and well
performance whilst at the same time offered a new way to optimally develop the field's resources.
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Cased Hole Formation Testing in Challenging Operational Conditions Reveals Reservoir Fluids Distribution: South China Sea Case Study
Authors Huang YingShi, You HongQing, Zou XiaoPing, Jeremias Guitarte, Xian ChengGang, Liu WeiMin, Cheng Xiang and Guo HongZhiThis paper presents how cased-hole formation testing technology solves the mystery of fluids distribution in a reservoir in a
South China Sea well with very challenging operational conditions. Two wireline cased-hole formation testers were deployed
together on more than 7000 m of drilpipe, which would be one of the world’s longest such operations in a highly deviated
well. The significant oil column that was identified results in a completely new picture of the field.
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Mathematical Modeling of Fines Fixation in the Sandstone Cores Soaked by MgO Nanofluid
Authors A. Habibi, M. Ahmadi, A. Bastami, P. Pourafshary and Sh. AyatollahiFormation damage in oil reservoirs as a result of fines migration is a major reason for productivity decline. Fines loosely
attached to the pore surface are in the equilibrium with the pore fluids. These particles start to flow when the equilibrium
state is disturbed which, may end up in permeability reduction in porous media. Different solutions have been suggested to
prevent detachment of fines from surface such as acidizing, ionic clay stabilizer, polymers and etc.
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Combined Energy Recovery from Coal Seam Gas Reservoirs and Geothermal Resources (Simulation Study)
Authors Alireza Salmachi, Manouchehr Haghighi, David Dixon, Peter Hart and Ashley JachmannGas production from Australian Coal Seam Gas (CSG) reservoirs can be coupled by hot dry rocks (HDR) or wet geothermal
resources. This study investigates the feasibility of heating the coal seams by application of available geothermal resources.
Hot water or steam from geothermal resources can be circulated along a coal seam to increase reservoir temperature. Since
methane desorption from coal matrix is an endothermic process, coal adsorption affinity reduces significantly at the elevated
temperatures. Therefore, when coal seam is heated, thermal equilibrium of coal is disturbed and consequently the pressure at
which gas desorption starts increases. This pressure increase results in shortening of dewatering stage and also higher gas
recovery from CSG reservoirs.
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Seismic full-waveform inversion using a compressed simultaneous sources and receivers scheme
Authors Aria Abubakar, Tarek M. Habashy and Guangdong PanWe apply the source-receiver compression approach for reducing the computational time and memory usage of the seismic (acoustic)
full-waveform inversions. By detecting and quantifying the extent of redundancy in the data, we assemble a reduced set of simul-
taneous sources and receivers that are weighted sums of the physical sources and receivers employed in the survey. Because the
number of these simultaneous sources and receivers can be significantly less than those of the physical sources and receivers, the
computational time and memory usage of an inversion method can be tremendously reduced.
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The Practice and Evolution of Torque and Drag Reduction: Theory and Field Results
Authors John E. McCormick, Chad D. Evans, Joe Le and TzuFang ChiuIn the past two decades, drilling extended reach wells (ERWs) has become commonplace in the
petroleum industry as companies seek to drill deeper and further to optimize the oil and gas production in
the target field. ERWs are defined as wells that have two times more horizontal stepout than true vertical
depth. Drilling longer horizontal sections allows more area of the reservoir to be exposed as well as less
surface area disruption. As a result, with the global trend moving toward drilling ERWs, engineers can
no longer ignore the high torque and drag forces expected in the well. There are numerous methods and
tools engineers have developed to lower torque and drag forces and ultimately allow the drill string to
drill to total depth (TD). However, only a few have proven to be a worthwhile investment.
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Electromagnetic Casing Inspection Tool for Corrosion Evaluation
Authors T.M. Brill, J.L. Le Calvez, C. Demichel, E. Nichols and F. Zapata BermudezPipe corrosion is a natural phenomenon in the harsh environment of oil and gas production wells, costing billions of dollars
each year. Monitoring such corrosion allows for timely mitigation to prevent leaks, environmental damage, or catastrophic
failures.
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Trouble Free Drilling with Casing Drilling; a Process Focused on Preventing the Drilling Problems
Authors Moji Karimi, Calvin Holt and Eric MoellendickMost drilling problems have been accepted as an inherent part of the drilling process. As a result, there has been a great
amount of effort put forth to find solutions for said undesirable events after they occur. Much of the industry’s current
drilling activity is happening in challenging, problematic areas such as depleted sands, HPHT wells, shale gas, deep water,
etc. Preventing drilling problems is essential to the economics of such projects. Casing Drilling has been successfully
practiced for more than a decade, and has proven to be a unique approach in reducing drilling problems and associated NPT.
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24X7 Monitoring During Long Term Testing Using Multiphase Flow Meter In HPHT Exploratory Well Located In Remote Area - A Case Study
Authors S. Packirisamy and Abdullah Al-IbrahimThis paper presents a case study of Long Term Testing (LTT) performed using Multi Phase Flow Meter (MPFM) first time in
Kuwait in HPHT sour environment to evaluate the potential of the newly discovered reservoir. An accurate measurement of
multiphase flow is a complex task due to various unknowns involved. The conventional technique of gas/oil separator needs
frequent personnel intervention and does not provide full solution making the LTT a costly affair. A direct measurement of
multi phases using MPFM in the production flow resulted into a large savings.
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RasGas Rigless Drift Experience: New Technology and Evolving Best Practice - North Field, Qatar
Authors Russell R. Van Nuis, Larry Mercer and Timothy I. MorrowRasGas Company Limited (RasGas) operates a continuous and comprehensive Rigless well surveillance and monitoring
program in the North Field, State of Qatar. The wellbores are designed to produce at high rates, therefore each well is a
substantial asset and every intervention operation is critical to maintaining production capacity.
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