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EAGE Conference on Exploring the Synergies between Surface and Borehole Geoscience - Petrophysics meets Geophysics
- Conference date: 06 Nov 2000 - 08 Nov 2000
- Location: Paris, France
- Published: 06 August 2000
56 results
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Integrated Time-Lapse Rock Physics Measurements – the Key to Understanding Reservoir Elastic Moduli Changes with Hydrocarbon Production
Authors R.B Guerra, J.H. Meyer, A.M. Sibbit and R. Van DeldenA-2 INTEGRATED TIME-LAPSE ROCK PHYSICS MEASUREMENTS – THE KEY TO UNDERSTANDING RESERVOIR ELASTIC MODULI CHANGES WITH HYDROCARBON PRODUCTION RAFAEL B. GUERRA JOERG H. MEYER ALAN M. SIBBIT and ROBERT M. VAN DELDEN 1 Schlumberger 1325 S. Dairy Ashford Suite 300 Houston TX 77077 USA ABSTRACT Time-lapse logging has been routinely used in the oil industry for many years to monitor saturation changes and fluid contact movement in producing wells. Production logs are also applied in a time-lapse manner to determine fluid saturations and flow rates of producing intervals. While such logs give an accurate measure of fluid movement at discrete
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Improvement of 4D Seismic Interpretations by Integration of Well Information; Examples from the Gullfaks Field Northern North Sea
Authors O. Kelder, L-K. Stronen and P. DigranesA-3 IMPROVEMENT OF 4D SEISMIC INTERPRETATIONS BY INTEGRATION OF WELL INFORMATION; EXAMPLES FROM THE GULLFAKS FIELD NORTHERN NORTH SEA 1 OSCAR KELDER PER DIGRANES and LARS-KRISTIAN STRØNEN Statoil 4035 Stavanger Norway Abstract The last few years time lapse seismic has proven to be a powerful reservoir management tool for the Gullfaks oil field in the North Sea. It considerably improves the drainage understanding of the field and has resulted in several potential new infill drilling targets of which one already has successfully been drilled. The validity of several 4D observations is often hampered by interpretational uncertainties due to data quality
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Avo Inversion of 4-D Seismic for Reservoir Monitoring — An Example on the Oseberg Field
By I. BushA-4 AVO INVERSION OF 4-D SEISMIC FOR RESERVOIR MONITORING — AN EXAMPLE ON THE OSEBERG FIELD Abstract 1 Developments are underway to incorporate a seismic contribution in the production history matching and thus provide an additional constraint for reservoir monitoring. In this paper we present our on-going investigations on how time-lapse AVO inversion can be used to estimate the changes in elastic properties and their covariances for use as a new seismic input to production history-matching. Working with data from the Oseberg field we have processed four repeat seismic surveys matching the repeat data and preserving the relative pre-stack amplitudes.
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Saturation Estimation Using Both Seismic and Well Data
Authors M-H. Dumont, C. Fayemendy, J-L. Mari and F. HuguetA-6 SATURATION ESTIMATION USING BOTH SEISMIC AND WELL DATA Abstract 1 We describe a monitoring methodology which allows the localization of a gas zone within a reservoir the measurement of the gas thickness and an estimation of the gas saturation. The methodology has been tested both on time lapse sonic and seismic data recorded on an underground gas storage facility of Gaz de France. The method is based on the Gassmann model on the measurement of time shifts obtained by cross-correlation techniques and on the computation of a specific seismic function. With time-lapse sonic data it has been possible to
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Combining Geomechanics and Geophysics – a Need for Reservoir Seismic Monitoring
Authors S. Vidal, P. Longuemare, F. Huguet and P. MechlerA-8 COMBINING GEOMECHANICS AND GEOPHYSICS – A NEED FOR RESERVOIR SEISMIC MONITORING S. VIDAL¹ P. LONGUEMARE² F. HUGUET¹ P. MECHLER³ ¹Gaz de France PO Box 33 93211 Saint Denis la Plaine France ²Institut Français du Pétrole ³Paris VI University Abstract 1 The seismic surveillance of producing reservoirs is a key to meeting goals of reduced operating costs and maximised recovery. Changes in fluid saturation pore pressure and stresses that occur during production induces changes in the reservoir density and compressibility that may be detected by seismic methods. The influence of mean effective stresses due to changes in mean total stresses
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A New Seismic Look at Reservoir Monitoring
By J. MeunierA-9 A NEW SEISMIC LOOK AT RESERVOIR MONITORING JULIEN MEUNIER¹ FRÉDÉRIC HUGUET² and PATRICK MEYNIER³ ¹Compagnie Générale de Géophysique Rue Léon 1 Migaux 91341 Massy France ²Gaz de France ³Institut Français du Pétrole Summary 1 After various attempts at using vertical seismic antennae to obtain enhanced seismic data above the Céré-la-Ronde gas storage reservoir and analysis of these attempts a new monitoring method was developed. It uses low-energy stationary seismic sources operating permanently in conjunction with vertical multi-component receiver antennae. The low spatial density of the data remains consistent with the density of conventional reservoir simulators. Its high temporal density
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Joint Application of Surface Seismic, VSP and LWD Data for Overpressure Analysis to Optimize Casing Depth
Authors S. Tcherkashnev, J. Rasmus and M. SandersA-10 JOINT APPLICATION OF SURFACE SEISMIC VSP AND LWD DATA FOR OVERPRESSURE ANALYSIS TO OPTIMIZE CASING DEPTH Abstract 1 Accurate prediction of formation pressure is important for safe drilling and can reduce financial risk significantly. The major concerns during drilling in an overpressure environment are adjusting the mud weight to avoid kicks and setting each casing string as deep as possible. Intermediate VSP data were combined with surface seismic data to give a very good prediction of the location of the overpressure zone at offshore well Leyden-1 Carnarvon Basin Western Australia. This prediction was continuously updated using ISONIC real time
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Use of Neural Networks in Log's Data Processing – Prediction and Rebuilding of Lithologic Facies
More LessA-11 USE OF NEURAL NETWORKS IN LOG'S DATA PROCESSING – PREDICTION AND REBUILDING OF LITHOLOGIC FACIES Abstract 1 When a log is missing in a drilling hole geologists hope to deduce it from others logs available in another part of the hole or in a neighbouring hole in order to define the lithologic facies of the hole. This paper presents a neural network method to predict the missing log's measure from the others available log's measures. This method based on Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) acts as a non linear regression method for the prediction task and as a probability density distribution
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The Importance of Well-Seismic Calibration for Interpreting Seismic Inversion Results
Authors P.S. Rowbotham, D. Marion, P. Lamy and P. SwabyA-14 THE IMPORTANCE OF WELL-SEISMIC CALIBRATION FOR INTERPRETING SEISMIC INVERSION RESULTS Abstract 1 Seismic inversion techniques have become an integral part of the reservoir characterisation workflow. The resulting impedance data can provide improved interpretation and quantification of the reservoir rock properties but this depends on the well-seismic calibration. Without a good calibration the inversion results are at best qualitative and at worst can lead to assigning geological meaning to inversion artefacts. We discuss the importance of the well-seismic calibration within the context of the geostatistical inversion method. This method uses 3-D seismic and acoustic impedance (AI) well logs to derive
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Permeability Inversion and Water-Cut Forecasting Using Saturation History from Time-Lapse Seismic and Seismic Attribute Maps
Authors S.C. De Haan, C.W.J. Berentsen, T. Oldenziel and C.P.J.W. Van KruijsdijkA-16 PERMEABILITY INVERSION AND WATER-CUT FORECASTING USING SATURATION HISTORY FROM TIME-LAPSE SEISMIC AND SEISMIC ATTRIBUTE MAPS Abstract 1 Time lapse seismic is used to monitor the reservoir during production. Assuming seismic repeatability it is possible to couple seismic changes in the reservoir to flow property changes as a result of production. Successive slices give direct information over the speed at which the saturation front propagates through the a-priori unknown permeability field. The propagation speed of the saturation front contains useful information about the fluid flow velocity field in the observed medium. A relation between the velocity map and desired reservoir
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Use of Multi-Attribute Transforms to Predict Log Properties from Seismic Data
Authors J.A. Quirein, D. Hampson and J.S. SchuelkeA-17 USE OF MULTI-ATTRIBUTE TRANSFORMS TO PREDICT LOG PROPERTIES FROM SEISMIC DATA DAN HAMPSON¹ JIM SCHUELKE² JOHN QUIREIN³ ¹Hampson Russell Software Services Ltd ²Exxon-Mobil Corp. ³Halliburton Energy Services 3000 N Sam Houston Parkway East Houston TX 77032 USA 1 Abstract In this paper we describe a new method for predicting well log properties from seismic data. The analysis data consists of a series of target logs from wells which tie a 3-D seismic volume. The target logs may be theoretically of any type; however the greatest success to date has been in predicting porosity logs. From the 3-D seismic volume
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Integrating Core Measurements and Borehole Logs With Seismic Data in the Statfjord 4D Project
Authors A-K. Furre and I. BrevikA-18 INTEGRATING CORE MEASUREMENTS AND BOREHOLE LOGS WITH SEISMIC DATA IN THE STATFJORD 4D PROJECT ANNE-KARI FURRE and IVAR BREVIK Statoil R&D Postuttak 7005Trondheim Norway Abstract The Statfjord field straddles the border between Norway and UK. A total of 570 Sm 3 of oil has been produced from the field since production start in 1979. As part of an increasing oil ratio (IOR) scheme a seismic reservoir monitoring study was carried out based on totally three seismic surveys; one in 1979 (pre-production) one in 1991/92 and one in 1997. The seismic surveys together with a large amount of well logs
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A New Approach in Processing Core and Log Data for Assisting Seismic-Based Mapping of Porosity and Water Saturation
Authors B. Widarsono, F. Saptono and P. FakhriyadiA-19 A NEW APPROACH IN PROCESSING CORE AND LOG DATA FOR ASSISTING SEISMIC- BASED MAPPING OF POROSITY AND WATER SATURATION BAMBANG WIDARSONO and FAKHRIYADI SAPTONO Oil and Gas “Lemigas” Research and Development Center Jl. Cileduk Raya Cipulir Jakarta 12230 Indonesia ABSTRACT 1 This paper presents a new approach in preparing model relationship between seismic output (e.g. acoustic impedance and Poisson ratio) and rock physical properties (i.e. porosity and water saturation). The approach is basically an effort to model results of well-log analysis following the principal objective of deducting porosity and water saturation from acoustic data. However the usual absence of
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Time-Lapse Borehole Seismic Study in Vacuum Field, New Mexico – Velocity and Q Factor Changes Due to Co2 Injection within a Carbonate Reservoir
By G. MichaudA-20 TIME-LAPSE BOREHOLE SEISMIC STUDY IN VACUUM FIELD NEW MEXICO – VELOCITY AND Q FACTOR CHANGES DUE TO CO2 INJECTION WITHIN A CARBONATE RESERVOIR GWÉNOLA MICHAUD¹² ¹Colorado School of Mines 1500 Illinios Street Golden CO 80401 USA ²Compagnie Generale de Geophysique Abstract 1 The Reservoir Characterization Project of the Colorado School of Mines has recorded two multicomponent borehole seismic surveys at Vacuum Field New Mexico. These two surveys were recorded in December 1997 and 1998 before and after eight months of CO2 injection. Each borehole dataset is composed of a near-offset VSP and a 3D VSP. The purpose of these
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Reservoir Characterization – from Predictions of Flow to Measurement of Flow by Using 4-D Seismics
By R. MarschallA-21 RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION – FROM PREDICTIONS OF FLOW TO MEASUREMENT OF FLOW BY USING 4-D SEISMICS R. MARSCHALL Schlumberger GmbH Geco-Prakla Reservoir Evaluation Seismic PO Box 510530 30635 Hannover Germany 1 Abstract: After a brief review of the general hydrogeological situation at a reservoir the types of reservoirs and the corres-ponding recovery methods are briefly reviewed. Based on this summary then the three basic types of 4-D seismic applications are discussed as there are: thermal methods segregated flow-methods and diffusive flow-methods. For all three methods the underlying acquisition geometry for the two surveys (which form a 4-D data base) is
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Geopressure Prediction and Analysis in Deepwater Gulf of Mexico Using Rock Physics and Seismic Attributes
Authors N.C. Dutta, M. Khan, S. Mallick, S. Gelinsky and Z. ZhengA-23 GEOPRESSURE PREDICTION AND ANALYSIS IN DEEPWATER GULF OF MEXICO USING ROCK PHYSICS AND SEISMIC ATTRIBUTES Abstract 1 N.C. DUTTA¹ S. GELINSKY² M. KHAN ¹ Z. ZHENG² ¹Baker Hughes - Western Geophysical PO Box 2469 Houston TX 77252 USA ²Baker Hughes – Baker Atlas Deepwater drilling is risky and expensive. Proper well planning requires reliable estimates of pore fluid pressure prior to drilling. While drilling monitoring and frequently updating these estimates guarantees environmentally safe drilling. Most common practice to predict pore pressure is to use conventional seismic stacking velocities as porosity indicators in conjunction with a Normal Compaction Trend (NCT)
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Borehole Seismic Survey Diagnoses Reservoir and Fluid Satured Properties of Rocks
Authors V.A. Brygynevych and V.V. VryukaloA-24 BOREHOLE SEISMIC SURVEY DIAGNOSES RESERVOIR AND FLUID SATURATED PROPERTIES OF ROCKS V.A.BRYGYNEVYCH and V.V.VRYUKALO REOKONA O.Gordynskogo Street 17 Apt. 3 Ivano-Frankivsk 76000 Ukraine Introduction 1 Utilization of polarization method of the vertical seismic profiling (PM VSP) has made it possible to receive experimental data about non-linear polarization longitudinal waves propagation in a real solid medium. As a matter of record direct longitudinal wave propagation which are observed in the borehole during PM VSP investigations is polarized linear for the initial and non-linear for the next phases of the seismic wavelets moreover cannot be explained within the limits of wave
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Petrophysical Modeling Using Seismic Attributes and Geological Maps
More LessA-25 PETROPHYSICAL MODELING USING SEISMIC ATTRIBUTES AND GEOLOGICAL MAPS Abstract 1 Subsurface models of reservoir properties like porosity or permeability are often related to lithofacies distribution. In addition seismic attributes can also provide valuable information regarding the lateral variation of reservoir properties which well data cannot furnish because of relatively large well spacing. An integrated method is proposed here to generate a reservoir model in terms of physical properties by the control of lithofacies and seismic information. Neural network and geostatistics are incorporated in this method. The method is divided in three steps: 2D neural network prediction of porosity where
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Integration of Crosswell Seismic Survey with Wireline Logs in Lagomar, Venezuela
Authors B. Gomez, G. Carvajal, G. Gomez, E. Rodriguez, Y-T. Chon and J. PintoA-26 INTEGRATION OF CROSSWELL SEISMIC SURVEY WITH WIRELINE LOGS IN LAGOMAR VENEZUELA BEATRIZ GOMEZ¹ YU-TAIK CHON¹ GERMAN GOMEZ¹ ELISEO RODRIGUEZ¹ Summary Lagomar Field is located in the western part of Lake Maracaibo Venezuela. 1 Baker Atlas conducted a crosswell seismic survey at Lagomar for PDVSA. Data were collected using the typical RCM (Reservoir Connectivity Mapping) survey geometry with small receiver fans. The Reservoir Connectivity Mapping analysis was performed on the data to provide geological information about the continuity of the formation between the two subject wells. The RCM results from the crosswell seismic survey were excellent and have proven the
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A Breakthrough in Reservoir Porosity Estimation Using Dominant Frequencies Extracted from 3-D Seismic Wavelets
Authors M. Al-Jadani., S. Al-Akeel and M. Al-Shammery1 A-27 A BREAKTHROUGH IN RESERVOIR POROSITY ESTIMATION USING DOMINANT FREQUENCIES EXTRACTED FROM 3-D SEISMIC WAVELETS Abstract Hydrocarbons accumulate in reservoir rock pore spaces which makes porosity estimation one of the major applications in oil and gas industries. Two methods are currently used in the industry to estimate porosity. The first is the well logs-based method that depends mainly on empirical formula used to transfer reservoir rock physical properties into porosity. The second is based on empirical equation which linearly (e.g. regression formula) relates well logs estimated porosity and seismic impedance and then populates the relation between wells. A new
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Integrated Technology for Improved Reservoir Characterization in a Mature South Louisiana Salt Dome Field
Authors D.O. Gillis, G.R. Kear, G. Markowitz, S.S. Haddad and R.D. MannA-30 INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGY FOR IMPROVED RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION IN A MATURE SOUTH LOUISIANA SALT DOME FIELD GERALD MARKOWITZ¹ ROBERT D. MANN² GEORGE R. KEAR² SAMMY S. HADDAD² and DAVID O. GILLIS² ¹Texaco P.O. Box 60252 New Orleans LA 70160 USA ²Schlumberger Summary Traditionally conventional well logs such as gamma ray spontaneous potential resistivity and porosity are used to evaluate development wells in mature fields. This paper will show the positive impact of integrated applied technology; borehole seismic micro-resistivity imaging extended well testing and 3D visualization to improve reservoir characterization. Based on a mid-1990’s 3-D seismic survey over a mature salt dome
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Best Slowness Determination from Sonic Waveforms
Authors A. Brie, T. Endo, H-P. Valero, T. Uchiyama and O. SkeltomA-31 BEST SLOWNESS DETERMINATION FROM SONIC WAVEFORMS ALAIN BRIE TAKESHI ENDO HENRI-PIERRE VALERO Abstract Accurate compressional and shear slownesses along the whole well are needed to optimize the interpretation of surface seismic data especially AVO interpretation. The most reliable acquisition technique for sonic measurements is to use an array of receivers and to process the waveforms with a semblance technique to obtain the slownesses. However there are some limitations; in particular setting of the processing parameters is nontrivial errors in labeling of the semblance peaks often require manual editing and the available quality control features are cumbersome. Consequently the user
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From Pictures to Properties, Symbiosis of Petrophysics and Geophysics
By M. PeetersA-32 FROM PICTURES TO PROPERTIES SYMBIOSIS OF PETROPHYSICS AND GEOPHYSICS M. PEETERS Colorado School of Mines 1500 Illinois street Golden CO 80401 USA ABSTRACT 1 Petrophysics and Geophysics have not always worked in the past as closely together as one might expect. This paper discusses current advances and sketches future developments. The major objective of Geophysical Research was to obtain sharper pictures. With the advent of 3-D seismic there is a strong trend to make displays both in time and depth and to convert seismic attributes into rock properties. Conversions based on seismic data alone give non-unique results due to
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Calibrating Seismic Data with Well Logs through Massive Seismic Modelling
Authors F. Pivot, O. Balz and N. AndriamasoariveloB-2 CALIBRATING SEISMIC DATA WITH WELL LOGS THROUGH MASSIVE SEISMIC MODELLING FRÉDÉRIK PIVOT NIRINA ANDRIAMASOARIVELO and YOUNESS ELOUAIR TotalFinaElf Scientific and Technical Center Route de Versailles 78470 St Remy les Chevreuse France. ABSTRACT 1 With improvements in acquisition and processing techniques new seismic data are now available for the geoscientist for seismic reservoir characterization: PP and PS cubes in prestack domain and also prestack inverted impedance cubes. In all these cubes fluid content saturation and porosity can have a major impact on the seismic response but layer thickness can also alter significantly the seismic signal due to tuning. We propose
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Fluid Control on Velocity Dispersion
Authors R. Hofmann, M. Batzle and D-H. HanB-3 FLUID CONTROL ON VELOCITY DISPERSION Abstract 1 Velocity dispersion from the seismic to ultrasonic frequencies was observed in porous reservoir rocks. Dynamic elastic properties between 5 and 500000 Hz have been measured to investigate the behavior for high porosity and permeability sediments. The magnitude and frequency range of dispersion is dependent on the permeability of the rock and on the viscosity and modulus of the fluid. Introduction Fluids effects on seismic velocities are commonly observed and discussed in the literature. Wood’s equation Gassmann’s equation (1951) and Brown & Korringa (1975) describe a frequency independent (low frequency limit) behavior. In
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Integration of Borehole Information with Seismic Attributes at the Typhoon Field, Deep Water Gulf of Mexico
Authors M. Murat and A. Quintus-BoszB-4 INTEGRATION OF BOREHOLE INFORMATION WITH SEISMIC ATTRIBUTES AT THE TYPHOON FIELD DEEP WATER GULF OF MEXICO MICHAEL E. MURAT¹ and AKSEL L. QUINTUS-BOSZ² ¹Chevron Petroleum Technology Company 935 Graver Street New Orleans LA 70112 USA ²Chevron North America Exploration and Production Inc. Abstract 1 We show a case study integrating well bore geophysical measurements with seismic attributes to qualify the strength of direct hydrocarbon indicators (DHI’s). We applied this correlation to aid the evaluation of additional opportunities in the last phase of the appraisal of the Typhoon field. The study shows that there is a high degree of agreement
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Seismic Propagation through a Fractured Poroelastic Reservoir
More LessB-5 SEISMIC PROPAGATION THROUGH A FRACTURED POROELASTIC RESERVOIR Introduction 1 This work presents the preliminary results of numerical modelling in poroelastic media considering Biot’s theory for inhomogeneous media (Biot 1956; 1962) and de la Cruz and Spanos theory (1985; 1989; Hickey 1995) for a homogeneous medium. Although the ultimate goal of this research is to investigate intrinsic attenuation scattering and anisotropy induced by a fractured poroelastic model within the context of Biot’s theory compared to that of de la Cruz and Spanos (DCS) this presentation however shows only preliminary results where issues related to viscous fluid flow and attenuation; spatial
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Fluid Substitution, Anelastic Offset Synthetic Generation and Seismic Q
By A.N. FoggB-6 FLUID SUBSTITUTION ANELASTIC OFFSET SYNTHETIC GENERATION AND SEISMIC Q 1 ANTHONY N. FOGG Hampson-Russell Software Services Ltd. Grove House 551 London Road Isleworth London TW7 4DS UK Introduction This paper reviews three geologic regimes; onshore UK thin gas sands in coal cyclothems Permian Rotliegendes sandstones and onshore Alberta gas sands. Fluid substitution of the well logs has been performed for brine and gas scenarios and offset synthetic seismograms generated using elastic and anelastic algorithms. The impact of fluid change lithology type and wavefield type on the intercept-gradient stack seismic response are investigated. The investigation also focuses on Q (the
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Improvements in Pore Fluid Substitution
Authors S.E. Johnstad and R. KanestromB-7 IMPROVEMENTS IN PORE FLUID SUBSTITUTION Abstract 1 The conventional way of performing pore fluid substitution is to use Gassmann's equation which requires knowledge of the dry rock properties as well as matrix parameters. We have introduced an alternative approach based on lithological models where all the necessary parameters are implicit in the model. This is a very efficient procedure which automatically takes care of the effect of lithological variations. To overcome some of the weaknesses in connection with the application of Gassmann's equation we have combined the equation with a dry rock model. This combination can be done in
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Optimizing Petrophysical Modeling and Seismic Amplitude Analysis Using a Consistent Highly Integrated Workflow Process
Authors A. Fuqua and B.E. O‘NeillB-8 OPTIMIZING PETROPHYSICAL MODELING AND SEISMIC AMPLITUDE ANALYSIS USING A CONSISTENT HIGHLY INTEGRATED WORKFLOW PROCESS BRIAN O’NEILL and ALAN FUQUA Texaco Upstream Technology 4800 Fournace Place Bellaire TX 77401 USA Abstract 1 Specialists involved in seismic amplitude analysis are confronted with a wide array of data types petrophysicalmodeling methods and display capabilities. A high degree of interdisciplinary integration and organization are required to fully exploit this technical diversity. Proper modeling of ultrasonic shear-wave and compressional velocities is required to understand the interrelationship of rock mineralogy lithology porosity pore-fluid properties & distribution and how these properties vary with temperature and pressure.
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The Use of Fluid Substitution and Seismic Modelling for Well Planning
Authors T. Kollien, A. Buffin and S. AnderssonB-9 THE USE OF FLUID SUBSTITUTION AND SEISMIC MODELLING FOR WELL PLANNING Abstract 1 The following paper describes a case history that demonstrates how fluid substitution and seismic modelling can be utilised for well path planning and field evaluation. A seismic anomaly identified in a recent seismic data set was of particular interest. For well planning purposes it was important to establish whether the anomaly could be due to hydrocarbon effects. A low cost and efficient method of fluid substitution and seismic modelling is presented here and applied to a small data set of four key wells demonstrating that the
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Utilization of Multi-Azimuth Offset VSP Surveys for Reservoir Mapping – a Case Study
Authors A.G. Pramanik, V. Singh, P.K. Painuly, A.K. Srivastava and D.P. SinhaB-10 UTILIZATION OF MULTI-AZIMUTH OFFSET VSP SURVEYS FOR RESERVOIR MAPPING – A CASE STUDY A.G. PRAMANIK V. SINGH P.K. PAINULY A.K. SRIVASTAVA and D.P.SINHA Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd Geodata Processing and Interpretation Centre 9 Kaula Garh Road KDMIPE Campus Dehra dun-248195 India Abstract: 1 In Ramnad Sub-Basin of Cauvery Basin India Cretaceous sands of Nannilam and Bhuvanagiri Formations are the main hydrocarbon producers. In the study area the formation tops were mapped on the basis of available sparse grid 2D seismic data and fault closure prospects were delineated at both levels. In the southern part of the study
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Direct Determination of Mechanical Properties in Shallow Formations by (Ultra) Sonic Methods
Authors F. Huot, L. Baron, D. Chapellier and L. VuilletAbstract Direct determination of mechanical properties in shallow formations by (ultra)sonic methods F. G. Huot*° L. Baron° D. Chapellier° and L. Vulliet* *: LMS Ecole polytechnique Féférale de Lausanne; ° : IG Université de Lausanne For several decades mechanical properties of shallow formations (soil) obtained by sonic to ultrasonic wave testing were reported to be greater than those based on mechanical tests. The present article relying on a statistical analysis of more than 300 tests shows that elastic moduli of the soil can indeed be obtained from (ultra)sonic tests and that they are identical to those resulting from mechanical tests.
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Using Slim Hole Tools to Quantify Hydraulic Conductivity and to Characterize Water Circulation in a Complex Saturated Porous Aquifer Pfynwald, Wallis, Switzerland
Authors R. Monnet and D. ChapellierB-12 USING SLIM HOLE TOOLS TO QUANTIFY HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY AND TO CHARACTERIZE WATER CIRCULATION IN A COMPLEX SATURATED POROUS AQUIFER PFYNWALD WALLIS SWITZERLAND INTRODUCTION The characterization of boundaries and hydraulic properties of the layers through which the water flows in complex saturated porous aquifers is only possible through numerous measurements in boreholes by using specific slim hole tools. Within the framework of the research project entitled « Fluid and mass transport in porous medium: quantification and comparison of hydrogeological geophysical and hydrochemical methods. Example of the alluvial aquifer in The Bois de Finges (Pfynwald Switzerland) » financed by the Swiss
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A High Resolution NMR Logging Tool – Concept Validation
Authors M. Fleury, J. Tabary, M. Locatelli and J-P MartinB-13 A HIGH RESOLUTION NMR LOGGING TOOL – CONCEPT VALIDATION 1 JOACHIM TABARY¹ MARC FLEURY¹ MARCEL LOCATELLI² and JEAN-PIERRE MARTIN³ ¹Institut Français du Pétrole 1 & 4 Avenue du Bois Preau 92852 Rueil Malmaison France ²Laboratoire d’Electronique de Technologies et Instrumentation CEA/DTA ³Geo Energy Abstract The paper presents a pre-study of a new NMR logging tool having a vertical resolution of 2.5 cm much shorter than existing devices (from 30 cm up to 100 cm). Such a tool is especially dedicated to shaly formation and thin beds where the estimation of porosity and saturation is very difficult with resistivity logs.
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Integrating Conventional Logs Clustering, Dip-Meter and NMR for Deep Offshore Turbiditic Facies Characterization
Authors A. Veillerette, J-B. Ros and R. AgutB-14 INTEGRATING CONVENTIONAL LOGS CLUSTERING DIP-METER AND NMR FOR DEEP OFFSHORE TURBIDITIC FACIES CHARACTERIZATION R. AGUT¹ S. GOTTLIB-ZEH² S. MAREC¹ J.B. ROS¹ A. VEILLERETTE¹ Abstract 1 The Deep offshore field development requires a good reactivity in updating the geological model. The turbiditic facies characterization at the well is not obvious because the complexity of depositional and post depositional processes leads to a large variability of sand/shales organization: laminations debris flow high density turbidites hemipelagic shales bioturbation injections slumps… To do this an extensive coring program is strongly needed in a discovery and delineation phase but unrealistic for time and cost
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Seismic Imaging of Ground Conditions from Buried Conduits and Boreholes
By B. WhiteleyB-15 SEISMIC IMAGING OF GROUND CONDITIONS FROM BURIED CONDUITS AND BOREHOLES Abstract 1 R. J. WHITELEY Coffey Geosciences Pty. Ltd PO Box 125 North Ryde NSW 1670 Australia Society has a major investment in underground assets beneath its major cities principally sewers and pipelines. There is widespread concern that this urban infrastructure has not been adequately maintained to meet needs. Managers of these assets rely on condition assessments that are based on internal inspection and restricted geotechnical information. These assessments are inadequate because they fail to effectively sample test and account for external ground conditions. Unexpected catastrophic ground collapse above
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Anisotropic Reservoir Characterization (Laminated Sands) Using Orthogonal Resistivity, NMR, and Formation Test Data
More LessB-16 ANISOTROPIC RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION (LAMINATED SANDS) USING ORTHOGONAL RESISTIVITY NMR AND FORMATION TEST DATA J. SCHOEN¹ D. GEORGI² and O. FANINI² ¹Joanneum Research Roseggerstrasse 17 8700 Leoben Austria ²Baker Hughes Abstract 1 Thinly bedded laminated reservoirs exhibit “macroscopic anisotropy” of physical properties including electrical conductivity and permeability. Macroscopic anisotropy occurs in thinly layered sedimentary formations where geologic processes deposit sediments in layers much thinner than logging tools can resolve. Generally there are two types of layering: - Laminated shaly sands. The sediments consist of thinly bedded sand-shale sequences. - Finely layered anisotropic sands. The fine layering gives rise to transverse
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Field Investigation of Weak Soils Using Electrical Resistivity Method
Authors M. Mansour and A. KassemB-17 FIELD INVESTIGATION OF WEAK SOILS USING ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY METHOD 1 MAHMOUD. M. MANSOUR and AWAD M.KASSEM Assiut University Mining Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Assiut Egypt Abstract Deposits of the weak compressible soil are widespread and they present very special problem of engineering design and construction. In this kind of soils foundation failures are comparatively common and surface loading due to structures inevitably results in large settlement. Site investigations can for practical and economic reasons only cover very small portion of the total soil mass. So the target of the present study is to extend the obtained borings data
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How Can Log and Core Velocity Anisotropy Measurements Improve Seismic Processing
Authors J. Marrauld, L. Pauget, J. Blanco and J. ArnaudB-18 HOW CAN LOG AND CORE VELOCITY ANISOTROPY MEASUREMENTS IMPROVE SEISMIC PROCESSING Summary 1 An elastic Transversely Isotropic with Vertical symmetry axis (TIV) material can be conveniently described by the Thomsen’s theory. Using horizontal and vertical well data drilled in deep offshore deposits a strong anisotropy has been observed in the shaly formations for P and S velocities. These results have been confirmed by core measurements made on vertical and horizontal shaly plugs. ε ranges with depth from 10% to 30% γ reaches 35%. A walkabove has been acquired and processed over the sub-horizontal well. It gives the same range
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Upscaling Well Logs to Seismic Scale – Comparison of a Wavelet-Transform Based Method with a Geostatistical Technique
Authors O. Balz and D. SchlumbergerB-19 UPSCALING WELL LOGS TO SEISMIC SCALE – COMPARISON OF A WAVELET-TRANSFORM BASED METHOD WITH A GEOSTATISTICAL TECHNIQUE A. DOUILLARD D. SCHLUMBERGER O. BALZ Abstract 1 This paper is aimed at pointing out the importance of upscaling well logs in seismic reservoir characterization and presenting a new technique based on the wavelet transform. First an example is given that points out the necessity to perform upscaling of a porosity log in order to compare it with seismic amplitudes in view of characterizing a reservoir. A method based on the wavelet transform is used to carry out this upscaling and is
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Time-Lapse Feasibility Study on a Shallow Marine Sandstone Reservoir Analogue
Authors O. Kirstetter, C. Jones, J. Somerville, P. Corbett and B. SmartB-22 TIME-LAPSE FEASIBILITY STUDY ON A SHALLOW MARINE SANDSTONE RESERVOIR ANALOGUE Abstract 1 An extensive rock physics laboratory study is performed on sandstones of Cretaceous age collected from a mine and used as an analogue for shallow marine sandstone reservoirs. Velocities and porosity relationships with effective stresses are investigated in the case of loosely consolidated sandstone well-cemented sandstone and unconsolidated sand. This allows quantifying the effects of consolidation and cementation on the dry frame elastic moduli for use as input into time-lapse seismic modeling studies. An empirical methodology to compare and extrapolate the elastic moduli to other porosities (outside the
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P-Wave Attenuation – a Plausible Seismic Attribute to Detect Oil and Gas in Venezuela
Authors N. Martin, M. Lopez, M. Donati and A. AzavacheB-25 P-WAVE ATTENUATION – A PLAUSIBLE SEISMIC ATTRIBUTE TO DETECT OIL AND GAS IN VENEZUELA SUMMARY 1 Two 3D field examples from Venezuela about using P-wave attenuation as a plausible seismic attribute for detecting pay zones are shown. First example is from a 3D pilot project in Eastern Venezuelan Basin oriented to improve the image of a deep Miocene oil-prospective turbiditic sandstone reservoir (pay) using RMS P-wave attenuation. It represents a challenge because the structural and stratigraphic complexity in this area and poor well control (a single well W-5). The result analysis shows that P-wave attenuation is more sensitive to
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A New System to Integrate LWD Data with the Earth Model
By I. DowellB-26 A NEW SYSTEM TO INTEGRATE LWD DATA WITH THE EARTH MODEL IAIN DOWELL¹ SCOTT BALL² and SCOT EVANS³ 1 ¹Sperry Sun Drilling Services London UK ²Sperry Sun Drilling Services Houston ³Landmark Graphics Corporation Introduction Reserves are getting smaller and harder to find. When they are found it is ever more important to recover the maximum amount. One place to “find” reserves is in the grey areas between drilling and geoscience. It is often in the improved interaction between them that the best untapped potential exists. On the face of it there are a number of significant technical hurdles. For
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North Sea Chalk Porosity Resolved by Integration of Seismic Reflectivity and Well Log Data
Authors P. Britze, E.B. Nielsen, N. Dahl and S. HaugB-30 NORTH SEA CHALK POROSITY RESOLVED BY INTEGRATION OF SEISMIC REFLECTIVITY AND WELL LOG DATA Abstract A regional study of the Upper Cretaceous – Danian chalk in the Central North Sea based on 2D seismic- and log- data revealed that: • Simplified carbonate porosity units can be resolved in the wells based on gamma ray and sonic logs (GR/DT-logs). • It is possible qualitatively to define areas of porous and tight chalk based on seismic reflectivity. In order to achieve the integration of the seismic and log data to elucidate the reservoir geology of the chalk a simple log-derived GR/DT-lithology
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Combining 4D Seismic and Reservoir Simulation – Key to Effective Reservoir Management
Authors A. Bakulin, N. Drinkwater, C. Signer, S. Ryan and A. O‘DovovanB-31 COMBINING 4D SEISMIC AND RESERVOIR SIMULATION – KEY TO EFFECTIVE RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT Introduction 1 ANDREY BAKULIN¹ NICK DRINKWATER¹ CLAUDE SIGNER¹ SARAH RYAN² and ANDY O’DONOVAN³ ¹Schlumberger Cambridge Research High Cross Madingly Road Cambridge CB3 0EL UK ²Schlumberger-Doll Research ³BP The recent advances in the field of reservoir management in terms of improved visualization increased computing power and increases in the quality and quantity of data collected can often be offset by the key problems of integration and communication among the varied members of an asset team. For example reservoir engineers work with rock and petrophysical properties such as porosity
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Well Seismic Inversion for Prediction under the Bit
By J.E. AcostaB-32 WELL SEISMIC INVERSION FOR PREDICTION UNDER THE BIT JORGE E. ACOSTA A. PDVSA E&P P.O. Box 829 Caracas Venezuela 1 SUMMARY The Corridor Stack and Velocity Profile derived from a Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP) acquired at some intermediate stage of the perforation of a well can be processed and analyzed to obtain a better understanding of the geological model. Inversion of VSP results for a borehole drilled on overthrust structures in the mountain belt of Perija Western Venezuela were analyzed for porosity and hardness values of the rocks to be drilled. The main objective of the well was a
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Incorporation of Seismic Intermediate Scale Data for Rsevoir Modeling
More LessB-33 INCORPORATION OF SEISMIC INTERMEDIATE- SCALE DATA FOR RESERVOIR MODELING Abstract 1 A description of reservoir heterogeneities in all scales is crucial for improvements in reservoir characterization. In this work a multi-scale approach was developed to integrate seismic intermediate-scale data and the conventional short and large scale data represented by logs and surface seismic data respectively. Intermediate-scale data obtained by short and far-offset crosswell surveys vertical seismic profiles and high-resolution seismic lines can be geostatiscally incorporated in this approach in order to provide more complete reservoir descriptions. The approach employs the available seismic data as reference data in order to
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Modeling of Oil and Gas Fields and Exploration Objects in Subsalt Depositions of Precaspian Basin Using Integration of Well Logging, Field Data and Remote Sensing Interpretation
Authors B.S. Korotkov, R.M. Ter-Sarkisov and V.G. FomenkoP-1 MODELING OF OIL AND GAS FIELDS AND EXPLORATION OBJECTS IN SUBSALT DEPOSITIONS OF PRECASPIAN BASIN USING INTEGRATION OF WELL LOGGING FIELD DATA AND REMOTE SENSING INTERPRETATION R.M. TER-SARKISOV V.G.FOMENKO and B.S.KOROTKOV 1 VNIIGAZ Razvilka Lenisky district 142717 Moscow Russia Precaspian region includes several heterogeneous tectonic blocks of earth crust. From North to South these are Precaspian basin developed on the ancient East European platform young epipaleozoic platform Alpine folded mountains of Caucasus. The recent sub-meridional basin of Caspian Sea has its depocenter in Southern Caspian; it overlays unconformably more ancient tectonic structures. Entire Precaspian region is characterized by prolonged
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The Role of Petrophysical Properties in Seismic Interpretation in Miocene Gas-Bearing Formations of the Polish Carpathian Foredeep
Authors J.A. Jarzyna and K. PietschP-2 THE ROLE OF PETROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES IN SEISMIC INTERPRETATION IN MIOCENE GAS-BEARING FORMATIONS OF THE POLISH CARPATHIAN FOREDEEP JADWIGA A. JARZYNA and KAJA PIETSCH Mining and Metallurgy University Department of Geophysics al. Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Kraków Poland Abstract 1 Usually seismic interpretation delivers structural and stratigraphic traps successfully identified and located. Problems with interpretation of seismic sections in sandy-shaly Miocene formations occur in eastern part of the Polish Carpathian Foredeep. There the structural picture yielded by the seismic section does not often agree with the geological arrangement of layers. Hence only correctly done geological interpretation of the seismic wave field
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Layer Matrices for Wave Propagation in Porous Media
Authors G.G. Drijkoningen, M.H. Van Kempen and A.I.M. DennemanIntroduction An important aspect when linking petrophysical data to surface seismic data is the generation of synthetic seismograms from logging data. Nowadays the synthetic seismograms are generated for the geometry as in Vertical Seismic Profiles (VSP) and are then compared to the observed VSP. An assumption in this approach is that the velocities as picked up by the logging instrument are the same as the velocities as picked by the VSP measurement i.e. the velocity is frequencyindependent. In practice however the velocity turns out to be frequency-dependent. At the low frequencies as used in seismic for oil-industry purposes it does
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Application of Medical Computer Tomograph Measurements in 3D Reservoir Characterization
Authors T. Foldes, G. Argyelan, B. Kiss, P. Bogner and I. RepaP-4 APPLICATION OF MEDICAL COMPUTER TOMOGRAPH MEASUREMENTS IN 3D RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION Abstract 1 This paper summarizes the benefits of the non-destructive core measurements by medical Computer Tomograph (CT) in the integrated 3D reservoir characterization. A direct relationship exists between CT measurements and petrography conventional petrohysical analysis and well logs. Based on CT measurements internal structure of core samples as well as the geometry of framework constituents porosity type and pore size distribution fracturing can be described. There is close connection between Hounsfield Unit of CT measurements and pore size detected by conventional petrophysical analysis. Calculation of effective porosity from petroleum
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Elastic Wave Attenuation in Transversely Isotropic Media Caused by the Presence of Aligned Saturated Fractures
More LessP-7 ELASTIC WAVE ATTENUATION IN TRANSVERSELY ISOTROPIC MEDIA CAUSED BY THE PRESENCE OF ALIGNED SATURATED FRACTURES ELENA KAZATCHENKO Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas 152 07730 México D.F. Mexico Abstract 1 A model of a poroelastic medium with a fracture system has been developed. This model is based on Thomsen's theory for weak anisotropy including anisotropy of permeability. The theory is applied to elastic wave propagation at the asymptotic limit of long wavelengths. The model contains a porous homogeneous and isotropic matrix and a system of aligned fractures which have a penny-shaped form. So the composite model presents
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Porosity and Permeability Effects on the Seismo-Electric Reflection
Authors A. Ranada, A.I.M. Denneman and C.P.A. Wapenaar4 Coupling between SH-waves and TE-waves When a horizontally polarized shear wave (SH-mode) propagates in the�-�plane its propagation is not coupled to the other three seismic wavefields (the fast and slow P-waves and the vertically polarized shear wave); however the SH-wave generates electric currents in the�-direction and these currents couple to the electromagnetic wavefield with transverse electric polarization (TEmode). As already shown by Haartsen and Pride (1997) this SHTE-coupling is represented by the set matrix� of differential equations given by Eq. (10). The system in Eq. (10) can be used to determine the velocities of the SH-wave and TE-wave in
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A High-Resolution Seismic Survey on River Maas
Authors S. Tigrek, P. Kiden, R.F. Houtgast and J.M.J. Van KuijkP-11 A HIGH-RESOLUTION SEISMIC SURVEY ON RIVER MAAS S. TIGREK¹ P. KIDEN² R. F. HOUTGAST¹ and J. M. J. VAN KUIJK² ¹ Amsterdam Free University Faculty of Earth Science De Boelelaan 1085 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands ²Netherlands Institute of Applied Geoscience TNO Abstract 1 We present the methodology and the results of a seismic interpretation study aimed at the investigation of the stratigraphical and structural evolution of the Roer Valley Graben (RVG) and a part of the Venlo Peel and Eastern Campine Blocks in the southeastern Netherlands (Figure 1). Our study is based on a high-resolution multi-channel seismic survey
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