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International Conference of Young Professionals «GeoTerrace-2020»
- Conference date: December 7-9, 2020
- Location: Lviv, Ukraine
- Published: 07 December 2020
62 results
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Volume changes of glacier frontal parts on Galindez and Winter islands in 2013–2019
By Kh. MarusazhSummaryThe results of glacier monitoring on Galindez Island and Winter Island (the Argentine Islands in the Wilhelm Archipelago, Antarctic Peninsula) in 2013–2019 are presents. The main objective of research was to determine how the volumes of glaciers changed in 2013–2019 in the course of a complex study. The materials of the Ukrainian seasonal expedition of 2013–2019 was used: terrestrial laser scanning data of 2013, 2014, 2018, terrestrial digital photography of 2013, 2014, 2018, 2019 and an unmanned aerial vehicle survey of 2019. The technique was used to determine changes in the volumes of glaciers can significantly improve both the speed and accuracy of the measurements. It included complementary processing of scanning data and digital photography of 2013–2018, and digital photography and aerial survey of 2019. Changes in the volumes of glaciers were calculated for the western and southern parts of the glacier on Galindez Island and the southern part of the glacier on Winter Island. The results demonstrate significant changes since 2002. This is confirmed quantitatively by independent studies of the West of the peninsula. Monitoring of the dynamics of glacier volumes enables detection of climatic and glaciological changes in the Antarctic region.
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Analysis and interpretations of recent local vertical movements of Dnister PSPP territory determined from precise levelling
Authors I. Savchyn and A. ZyharSummaryThe purpose of the study is the analysis and interpretation of recent local vertical movements of the Dnister Pumped-Storage Power Plant (PSPP) (Ukraine). The study was conducted on the basis of precise levelling carried out on the site during 1999–2019. The average linear velocities of vertical movements are calculated and the field of their spatial distribution is constructed. Based on spatial distribution of the velocity field of vertical movements, the lifting zones of the territory, which are located on the border of several tectonic blocks, are identified. Zoning of the territory of the object on the basis of grouping of geodetic sites with similar kinematic characteristics is offered.
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Theory and practice of 3d cadastre development in Ukraine
Authors M. Malanchuk, N. Muzyka and O. YastrebkovaSummaryEnvironmental protection currently in the world cadastral registers of rights is mostly based on 2D packages, which are designed to register property rights, easements, restrictions, encumbrances, including public law restrictions on land, to provide comprehensive information on the legal status of real estate. However, in cases where space with partial ownership of land is reused (underground parking lots, multi-storey road junctions, etc.), a 2D cadastre cannot be represented and display geospatial information about 3D rights. 3D technologies are becoming more efficient than 2D, especially when integrating urban and regional planning and management, and above all, when working with 3D underground and aboveground spatial infrastructure.
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About the need of modernization the Ukrainian height system
Authors B. Dzhuman and F. ZablotskyiSummaryNowadays work is underway to integrate the leveling network of Ukraine into the UELN (United European Leveling Network) to ensure the determination of the heights of geodetic points and terrain objects in the UELN/EVRS2000 height system. To fully coordination the height system of Ukraine with modern European GIS standards, it is necessary to have a high-precision reference surface of the height reference system (geoid surface), corresponding with the European geoid EGG07. The purpose of this work is to analyze the existing models of (quasi)geoid on the Ukraine area. It is investigated that the most accurate model is UQG2012. Despite this, the deviation of this model even at some points of State Geodetic Network (SGN) of I class can reach 8 cm, and at other points up to 23 cm. The model of the European geoid EGG07 is difficult to use from a practical point of view in Ukraine area because it is tied to the Amsterdam benchmark, and the average deviation, relative to the benchmarks in the Baltic Height System, reaches 25 cm. In order to fully coordination the height system of Ukraine with the modern European GIS standard according to the INSPIRE directive, it is necessary to build a high-precision model of the geoid surface, consistent with the European geoid EGG07, after the integration of Ukraine's leveling network into the European leveling network UELN.
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Geodetic monitoring of the hotel complex in the mountain region
Authors V. Romaniuk, D. Kukhtar, V. Mykhailyshyn and M. HrynishakSummaryWe have carried out the geodetic monitoring of the hotel complex. The purpose of this study was to ensure control of the mutual height position of the sectional blocks of the building over the period from 01.07.2019 to 30.11.2019. At this facility, was designed a leveling network consisting of 2 stages. Using the method of high-precision geometric leveling with a short beam, we measured the excess between the deformation marks of the basement, stairways and sites of the hotel complex. By means of specially developed software packages and databases, we calculated the values that characterize the process of subsidence of building elements.
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Using Move software by geological field works
Authors M. Oliinyk, I. Bubniak and Y. VikhotSummaryThis paper is written about Field Move Clino and FieldMove programs and their capabilities. We describe the features of processing in field works. Advantages and disadvantages of using gadgets during geological field camp are indicated. These thesis demonstrate that Move software is the right solution for field geological work.
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Application of geopotential numbers to determine the heights of GNSS network reference stations
Authors R. Pylypiuk, R. Pylypiuk, T. Hrytsiuk, L. Dorosh and O. HeraSummaryThe aim of the work is to study the possibility of using geopotential numbers to determine the heights of the reference states of the GNSS network. According to the results of regular GNSS observations at reference stations, their spatial coordinates X, Y, Z or B L, H for a certain epoch are determined. These coordinates related to the corresponding accepted reference ellipsoid and are thus spatial geocentric coordinates. Since the height of points in this system is a geodetic height, their use is not possible when mapping territories. Studies suggest the possibility of using geopotential numbers determined in the corresponding normal gravitational field to calculate elevations and normal heights. Based on the location of GNSS reference stations - observations of topographic maps (approximate spatial geodetic coordinates: latitudes and longitudes with an accuracy of 1', height - up to 1 m), geopotential numbers and their differences are calculated. The excess between the reference stations is calculated, their equilibration is performed and the values of the normal heights of these stations are calculated. The proposed technique allows to determine the normal heights of points on the earth's surface without geometric or trigonometric leveling, ie it is possible to determine the heights of points by a new gravimetric leveling method.
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Layering of the ice caps on the islands Galindez, Winter, Skua (the Argentine Islands, West Antarctica)
Authors A. Chernov, Y. Otruba, D. Pishniak, O. Bulakh, A. Ivko and Y. BrillinhSummaryThis paper represents the results of GPR investigations of five ice caps on the islands Galindez, Winter and Skua. The research is aimed at counting the layers and finding similarities in the structure of the ice caps. Observations were done during different seasons with VIY3 GPR, 300 MHz antenna. 5–10 major layers are stretching along the ice caps.
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Methodical aspects of geoinformation analysis of landscape differentiation of modern negative geological and geomorphological processes in natural territorial complexes of the highlands of Chornohora (Ukrainian Carpathians)
Authors M. Karabiniuk, Y. Markanych, O. Burianyk, I. Hnatiak and Z. GostiukSummaryAn algorithm for studying modern geological and geomorphological processes (rockfall, scree, landslides and linear erosion) in the natural territorial complexes of the subalpine and alpine highlands of the Chornohora massif of the Ukrainian Carpathians is presented. The use of modern GIS-technologies for the purpose of mapping and analysis of landscape differentiation of the centers of development of negative processes allowed to develop high-quality maps of the spread of negative processes in the highlands of Chornohora. In particular, the publication presents a map of the distribution of modern geological and geomorphological processes in the upper reaches of the Kizi Stream.
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GPS/GIS system for updating capable faults in the Calabrian territory through the use of soft computing techniques
Authors V. Barrile, E. Bernardo and A. FotiaSummaryCalabria is crossed by a system of active faults which represents a high seismic risk for the whole territory. In order to provide a contribution to territorial monitoring and control also for the purpose of forecasting catastrophic events and territorial prevention, the Geomatics Lab of the Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria is working on updating the database of faults capable of the Calabria Region through the creation of territorial topographic networks for the monitoring and control of potentially active faults, to be managed through a GIS. In this regard (thanks to the large amount of displacement data acquired over time by the GPS networks implemented), we are also working on the experimentation of a neural network for the prediction of the probability of occurrence of an earthquake of a given magnitude following others occurring in the surrounding area, relating the data provided by the National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology, with those obtained from the experimental GPS surveying networks, used to monitor active faults (to date the Castrovillari fault, the fault in the area between Fuscaldo - Falerna, and the Reggio Calabria fault).
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A GIS-based approach in the morphometric analysis of incised meanders on the Dnister River (Ukraine)
Authors I. Sapsa and O. TomeniukSummaryThis study aims to show the possibility of using GIS modelling of several basic morphometric indicators for assessing the relief, ravine and gully network of the certain territory, particularly Podillia Upland (Ukraine), and the preconditions for the development of erosion processes. The Horoshovetsky meandering node on the Dnister River (Ukraine) is a unique work of nature that requires substantive, additional and specific geomorphological research, which will help to establish certain patterns of their origin. During the study, the main morphometric maps were constructed for a more detailed relief assessment: vertical (interfluvial dimension) dissection, horizontal (amplitude altimetry) dissection, slope angle, slope aspect. Morphometric indicators are unevenly distributed throughout the territory. The main feature of this relief is its significant vertical and horizontal dissection in the Dnister River valley and its tributaries. The regularity of the channel processes distribution and the scale of the river’s incision into rocks are clearly visible. A characteristic feature is the spread of linear landforms, which are very clearly cut by tributaries of the Dnister. Morphometric indicators of the study area clearly demonstrate the full range of complex tectonic and geological interaction of geological and geomorphological processes, which ultimately led to the emergence of various landforms, especially polygenetic incised meanders.
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Landslide susceptibility mapping with fuzzy methodology
Authors E. Bernardo, V. Barrile, A. Fotia and G. BilottaSummaryThis work proposes an experimental methodology for the characterization of the susceptibility to landslides in the Reggio Calabria area through the combination of remote sensing, GIS systems and soft computing. In particular, we created, a map of the susceptibility to landslides in GIS environment using a neural network and a fuzzy methodology to produce an infrastructure attention level divided into five categories (levels) of risk. Subsequently, starting from this map, we identified the areas of the road’s network most exposed to landslide risk also using remote sensing techniques (classification and segmentation techniques) overlapped on the open street map. This system provides us the level of attention that affects the transport infrastructure investigated (a higher level of attention corresponds to a higher level of landslide risk).
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Innovative UAV methods for intelligent landslide monitoring
Authors E. Bernardo, V. Barrile and A. FotiaSummaryIn Italy every year, the hydrogeological instability causes the destruction of roads, buildings, etc., causing victims and countless economic damage. The monitoring of natural hazards, the evaluation of their impact and the general risk assessment are therefore decisive steps towards the selection and sizing of adequate protection measures. In this paper we intend to present an innovative system that allows us to monitor landslide risk areas and to study landslide phenomena through the use of UAVs. Data are acquired thanks to an automated system of UAVs and wireless charging platforms (capable to acquired, to transmit and to store data); the acquired data are stored automatically in a special platform that allows us to create the point cloud and 3D models of the investigated area (which in turn they are superimposed on the digital models created in previous monitoring), also allowing the creation of the land mass displacement’s sequence in a video. Finally, in relation to early warning, the system allows civil protection to be warned in the event of a landslide risk (start of new landslides or continuation of landslides that have already begun) which in this way will be able to warn the population also through social media.
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Monitoring of the condition of the accumulated sludge on the territory of Lviv wastewater treatment plants
Authors I. Tymchuk, M. Malovanyy, O. Shkvirko, D. Vankovych, M. Odusha and O. BotaSummaryThe paper presents monitoring studies of accumulated sewage sludge in open areas of Lviv wastewater treatment plants. A map of the silt area was made, the area and volume of accumulated sediments were determined. A study was carried out to determine the gross and mobile forms of heavy metals in sludge, namely lead (Pb), on the basis of the obtained results, maps were constructed.
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Application of Multi-Criteria Decision Making to create a map of suitability areas of city Lviv for selection of the location a residence
Authors A. Babushka and A. RomanovskyiSummaryThe territory of the city of Lviv was divided into zones with the help of Multi-Criteria Decision Making and the Analytic Hierarchy Process to build a map of the suitability of housing. Criteria that have a direct impact on the quality of daily life were taken into account. These criteria were given relative importance. Based on these criteria, geoprocessing operations and the necessary calculations to obtain a suitability map was performed. The zoning of the city of Lviv was determined to assess the suitability of the place of residence.
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Geophysical monitoring of geospatial data infrastructure as a component of the state environmental monitoring system
Authors I. Trevoho, E. Ilkiv, M. Halyarnyk and D. KukhtarSummaryThe aim of the article is to investigate the place, role, nature, purpose of geophysical monitoring in a multi-purpose and multilevel system of monitoring the condition of basic geospatial data based on the analysis of legislation of Ukraine and normative, scientific and reference literature. The information basis of the article consisted of the effective laws and regulations, results of scientific research and analytical materials, which present the problems of environmental monitoring in the context of geospatial data infrastructure development, in substantiating the aim and conclusion we used the abstract and logical methods. Geophysical monitoring is an important element of monitoring the state of geodetic networks. One of the main processes in field work for monitoring the condition of geodetic points and benchmarks for the survey of geodetic points and level benchmarks is their search in the field. The proposed search methods are based on geodetic technologies and provide only localization in the area of the probable location of the center, the benchmark, and to detect them in the soil it is necessary to perform excavations, which do not always give the desired result. The authors have performed the theoretical analysis of the possibility to use the investigations of background and anomalous geophysical fields as a basis for geophysical monitoring to observe the condition of basic geospatial data and it has demonstrated the diversity of application depending on the degree of detail as well as the insufficient efficiency of geophysical information.
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About the phenomenon of subsidence in continental Europe in December 2019 based on the GNSS stations data
Authors I. Brusak and K. TretyakSummaryThe research reveals a geodynamic phenomenon in continental Europe in December 2019. The subsidence of GNSS stations lasted from 4 to 10 days. The linearity of the phenomenon spreading from west to east is established. Maximum subsidence reaches near 30 mm, and daily average from up to 5 mm per day. The analysis of the phenomenon is performed as well as maps of its distribution are constructed. Analyzing the reduction of the height of GNSS stations, the relationship between subsidence and the thickness of the Earth's crust is traced. In the future, this phenomenon needs further research and explanation.
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Assessment of gender equality in the professions of land surveyor, geodesist and land appraiser in Ukraine
More LessSummaryGender inequality in access to certain professions is an obstacle to achieving genuine equality between men and women. Even now, in developed countries, women occupy only about 25% of technical positions, and the profession of land surveyor in many countries at the level of social stereotype is often considered to be “male”. Despite the fact that from 1995 to 2018, the gender inequality index in Ukraine decreased from 0.480 to 0.284, the problem of equal access to engineering professions, such as the profession of geodesist or land surveyor, still requires special attention. Taking into account that in Ukraine the activities of land engineers, geodesists and land appraisers are separately regulated and certified, the gender balance was studied among professionals working in these areas at the national level and in the context of individual regions based on data from the relevant state registers
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The transformation of the lithospheric figure caused by the evolutionary development of the Earth
Authors A. Tserklevych, Y. Shylo and O. ShyloSummaryThe transformation of the lithosphere shape caused by the evolutionary development of the Earth is considered. Based on the concept of evolutionary deviation of the plumb line, the surface tangential forces arising during the transformation of the figure are calculated. The calculated forces show consistency with the directions of movement of the continents and tectonic plates
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Study of the process of changing of the bottom hole pressure in time under the conditions of gaslift flowing
Authors M. Mokliak, B. Mishchuk, A. Hrytsanchuk and M. SchepanskyiSummaryThe paper puts forward the calculation of the change in time of the minimum downhole pressure of flowing due to the joint interaction of the well and the oil pool under the dissolved gas regime, as well as the method of calculating the conditions of joint operation of the oil pool and the folowing well. The method is based on solving the equations of fluid filtration in the oil pool and the movement of gas-oil flow in the wellbore.
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Study of the process of changing of the effective gas factor in time under the conditions of gaslift flowing
Authors A. Lysenko, B. Mishchuk, L. Poberezhny, D. Volchenko and Y. YakymechkoSummaryThe paper puts forward the calculation of the change in time of the minimum downhole pressure of flowing due to the joint interaction of the well and the oil pool under the dissolved gas regime, as well as the method of calculating the conditions of joint operation of the oil pool and the folowing well. The method is based on solving the equations of fluid filtration in the oil pool and the movement of gas-oil flow in the wellbore.
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Accuracy assessment of determining the volume of a body described by cartographic materials
Authors V. Lozynskyi, M. Yurkiv and M. FysSummaryThe article presents a technique for calculating the volume determined by ravines and described by cartographic materials. The volume is calculated by the cross-sectional method using the Simpson formula. Cross-sectional areas are calculated from the map as polygon areas. The errors of the Simpson formula itself and the errors of calculating the cross-sectional areas are described and calculated in detail. Richardson extrapolation was used to get adjusted value of the volume, and Runge rule was used to estimate the errors.
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The spatial determination of the point position by linear measurements
Authors A. Vivat, M. Fys, V. Litynskyi, T. Korliatovych and I. PokotyloSummaryWhen solving engineering and geodetic problems, it is necessary to determine the position of the device in space, as well as to find the height of the object relative to the established mark. The construction of buildings or engineering structures requires constant monitoring of the mounting horizon position. Such problems are mostly solved by transferring the mark to the mounting horizon by geometric leveling. Such measurements are often associated with problems with meter location. The method of trigonometric leveling is burdened by errors in measuring vertical angles which are significantly affected by vertical refraction. One way to solve this problem is to apply linear measurements to points of mutually perpendicular bases. The accuracy of linear measurements by modern electronic tachometers is quite high.
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Non-simultaneous double-way trigonometric leveling
Authors R. Solskyi, S. Periy and V. LitynskyiSummaryThe investigations of the accuracy of the proposed method of double-ended non-simultaneous trigonometrical leveling by topographical electronic tachometers on the Berezhany training and research geodetic site were performed. The comparative analysis of the results of double-ended trigonometrical leveling and II class geometrical leveling on the chosen geodetic network was conducted. It was established that the differences between the elevations obtained by double-ended trigonometrical leveling and geometrical leveling correspond to accuracy tolerance of the II class.
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Research of motion fixing system based on micro electro mechanical systems
Authors A. Vivat, N. Nazarchuk, I. Brusak and O. HrabovyiSummaryIn the investigation the analysis of MEMS sensors for future research in geodetic monitoring systems on two examples is performed. Firstly, the heights of special points on the metal ruler are determined by various devices including 3 smart phones with different MEMS sensors. This approach could be used for special tasks, but it is not enough for the creation of an automated monitoring system based only on the phone MEMS sensors. Secondly, the accuracy in the dynamic and static mode of the Bwsensing NB-WM 410 with MEMS sensor is investigated. Using the special system with the Leica 1205 total station, it was found that the accuracy of the inclinometer 0.01° could be used in some tasks of geodetic monitoring at constant measurement temperatures. Power and data transmission via WIFI channel is configured, which allows automating the measurement process. The special data from devices is transmitted to the server, recorded in a table, and displayed on graphs. In the future, it is planned to develop software that will report the danger if the permissible limit is exceeded.
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The military geographical institute contribution in the Galicia mapping
Authors A. Hovadikova and R. SossaSummaryThe main institution for Austro-Hungarian empire’s geodetic surveys and mapping in 1840–1918 – the Military Geographical Institute foundation and activity history and its contribution to Galicia mapping is highlighted. The Institute provided geodetic data and relevant topographic information to region. After moving from Milan to Vienna the Institute performed a Second military (Franciscan) Austro-Hungarian empire’s survey (1806–1869), which data was used for Galicia and Bukovina detailed topographic map in scale of 1:28 800 on 458 sheets compiling. As a result of Third military survey (1869–1887) the Military Geographical Institute publishes a Special topographic map scaled 1:75 000 that completely covered the Galicia territory. A number of overview topographic maps were created based on these maps. An Institute legacy has multi-sheet Lviv topographic plans. The Institute contribution to Galicia thematic mapping development is considered, in particular “Galicia geological atlas” scaled 1:75 000 and numbers of road maps publishing. It’s noted that many MGI employees were involved into geodetic and cartographic work in Galicia. Among the numerous surveyors, topographers and cartographers, the leaders and organizers of such work especially highlighted.
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Complex investigations of the state, functioning and transformation processes development in the river basin systems
Authors A. Kovalchuk, I. Kovalchuk, A. Mykhnovych, O. Pylypovych and B. ZhdaniukSummaryThe paper deals with the essence and main directions of the complex analysis of the river systems state in mountain and highland regions of Ukraine. Their functioning (as water, sediments and dissolved substance runoff riverbed morphology changes under influences of the riverbed and slope processes) and long-term changes in the morphology and geoecological state of the rivers and their catchments due to natural and man-made factors are characterized. The investigations were based on comparative morphometric analysis of the river systems structure, field and stationary observations of the nature components state within the catchments, determination of the anthropogenic pressure on the landscapes. As the result the tendencies, scales and intensity of transformation and degradation processes development in different parts (subbasins) of the river basin systems in the Polissia, Volyno-Podillia, Precarpathians, and Ukrainian Carpathians have been ascertained. The measures for improvement of the river basin systems state and optimization of nature use have been proposed.
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Comparative analysis of crustal strain deformation obtained from GNSS data with geological measures
Authors M. Ishchenko, M. Orlyuk and Y. VelikodskySummaryThe creation and development of local GNSS networks, as well as the long-term filling of databases with high-precision coordinate solutions and estimates of the displacement velocities of GNSS stations, made possible to conduct geodynamic studies at the local level. Based on homogenous time series of GNSS stations in the IGb08 reference frame for the period from 1997, December 7 to 2017, January 28 acquired at the GNSS Data Analysis Centre of the MAO NASU were used to obtain crustal strain deformations on the territory of Ukraine. The main parameters of the Earth's surface deformation are the strain ellipses and rotation. The axis of the ellipse is the deformation parameter characterizing the manifestation of compression and/or extension of the Earth's surface. The rotation parameter demonstrates the translational-rotational movements of individual geoblocks that can be caused by their reaction (response) to the uneven rotation of the Earth. On the basis of the lineament zones, areas with dominant deformation processes were identified. The results with the heterogeneity to the Moho surface and longitudinal seismic wave velocities were compared.
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Web-mapping of prominent personalities of the institute of geodesy of Lviv Polytechnic National University
Authors R. Sossa, Y. Holubinka and A. PetrovSummaryInteractive web maps are one of the essential components of modern web resources and have extensive opportunities for the displaying of large arrays of different information. Visualization of these data on the traditional maps has several significant restrictions. We have developed an interactive web map of prominent personalities of Institute of geodesy of Lviv Polytechnic National University. For this purpose, we have processed the selection principles of prominent personalities. By the time parameters, we have included into the list of personalities corresponding employees of the geodetic chairs, that have been functioned in Polytechnic since the day of the founding of geodetic faculty. We have included following categories: 1) deans of the Faculty of Geodesy and directors of the Institute of Geodesy; 2) heads of the chairs; 3) prominent scientists; 4) prominent graduates. The processing results have been transferred into the tables and exported to *.csv format, which is frequently used to transfer data between different platforms. As follows, data has been exported to the universal format, which can be used for the import of primary attributive information into web services as well as to web libraries. The processed methodic and technology of the development of interactive maps can be applied for the development of appropriate web resources of other scientific-educational institutes of the Lviv Polytechnic National University.
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Assessment of the engineering and geological conditions of the territory of the Church of St. Stanislaus in the city of Ternopil (Ukraine) using geophysical methods
Authors E. Kuzmenko, S. Bagriy, I. Chepurnyi, O. Romanyuk and R. KuderavetsSummaryBased on the results of geophysical studies on the territory of the Church of St. Stanislaus, the contours of the ancient crypt were reproduced, the reasons for the deformations of the church were established and recommendations were given to prevent the possibility of destruction of the sacred landmark.
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On GNSS Activity at the Main Astronomical Observatory NASU
Authors M. Ishchenko and O. KhodaSummaryThe Main Astronomical Observatory NAS of Ukraine started its GNSS activity in early 1990s taking part in some international epoch campaigns. In December 1997 MAO installed the first Ukrainian permanent GNSS station in Kiev (GLSV). Today the Observatory's network consists of five permanent stations located in different parts of Ukraine and included in IGS network, EPN, EPOS network. MAO maintains its Operational Centre, Local GNSS Data Centre, Local GNSS Analysis Centre. As result of MAO second reprocessing campaign and regular processing of all available observations data from the Ukrainian stations, the coordinates in the IGb08 reference frame and tropospheric zenith delays were received. The velocities for 128 stations that had observation periods more than three years were estimated. The obtained results made possible to calculate strain ellipses and rotation for Earth's surface and to conduct geodynamic studies at the local level. The Main Astronomical Observatory NAS of Ukraine takes part in two international GNSS projects – EPN Densification and CEGRN.
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Latitude autonomous determination on fixed base with varied attitude
Authors O. Sapegin, S. Lakoza, V. Avrutov and D. BuhaiovSummaryThe main purpose of navigation systems is position determination for different types of moving objects. To start their operation, the onboard standard navigation algorithms requires initial data such as data about the position (latitude, longitude, and altitude). Currently exists different solutions for position determination, the main of them relates to astronomical methods or refers to using satellite or radio signals. But, astronomical methods highly depend on climate conditions, and satellite or radio signals can be unavailable for usage, or even can be intentionally jammed in military applications. Thus, the development of autonomous methods for position determination without using external aiding data is an actual task. The article proposes the autonomous method of the initial latitude determination utilizing an inertial measurement unit (IMU) and a navigation computer. IMU should be equipped with inertial sensors (orthogonal placed three accelerometers and three gyroscopes) and a signal processing circuit. Where gyroscopes allow measuring projections of Earth's angular velocity on the IMU axes and accelerometers allow measuring projections of the gravity acceleration on the IMU axes. The efficiency of the proposed method confirmed through the tests with highly accurate sensors such as a triad of ring laser gyroscopes and pendulum accelerometers. In addition, the effects of varios base attitude on the accuracy of the system were considered. Where was obtained latitude variations in different body inclines.
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From the experience of using GIS technologies for studying tourist resources of national natural and regional landscape parks
Authors P. Shtoiko, V. Khudoba, P. Kucher, V. Hrekh and A. KukhtiySummaryThe recreational and tourist resources analysis of landscapes of national natural parks (NNP) and regional landscape parks (RLP) of Western Ukraine for tourism and recreational development have been carried out. Peculiarities of GIS technologies application have been revealed and new data have been received. The GIS of RLP created on the example of “Ravske Roztochchya” which covers five main blocks such us: initial data (including field research), RLP topography (including digital relief model (DRM) and special thematic maps-schemes of steepness and slopes exposure), land, anthropogenic impact, and functional zoning. The geoinformation analysis that has been conducted gave grounds to establish that in the land plots structure of RLP “Ravske Roztochchya” ecostabilizing lands should occupy not less than 58.7% of their total area. And vice versa, eco-destabilizing lands can occupy no more than 41.3% (arable land - 31.7%). Based on this, an optimized land structure has been developed, which stabilizes the recreational and tourist potential of the park's landscapes. Similar studies have been conducted on the landscapes of the “Skoliv Beskydy National Park”.
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Development of GIS for estimation of investment attractiveness of territorial communities on the basis of availability of especially valuable soils
Authors P. Trofymenko, L. Umaeva, V. Zatserkovnyi, N. Trofimenko, T. Kotkova and V. MykytyukSummaryThis paper presents the results of the development and use of GIS for assessing the investment attractiveness of territorial communities based on the availability of particularly valuable soils. The lands of Nizhynska, Vertievska, Losinivska and Talalaivska united territorial communities of Nizhyn district, Chernihiv region were selected as a research object. It is established that the investment attractiveness of the united territorial communities in the presence of areas of especially valuable soils has a clear territorial differentiation. The investment attractiveness of the territorial communities of Nizhyn district of Chernihiv region from the best to the worst is as follows: Vertiyivska community (14686.0 ha) → Losinivska community (18682.0 ha) → Nizhynska community (7475.4 ha) → Talalaivska community (6904.5 ha).
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Development of GIS for assessment of soil potential of Polissya of Ukraine
Authors P. Trofymenko, V. Zatserkovnyi, V. Kartak, N. Trofimenko, I. Karas and F. BorysovSummaryThe article presents GIS for assessing the agricultural potential of the Polissya of Ukraine, the use of which allowed for the territorial differentiation of soil cover by the presence of particularly valuable soil groups, to establish the value of the overall assessment, as well as the assessment of the potential of growing winter wheat and potatoes. Developed on the basis of the developed GIS complex of mapping schemes assessment of soil potential of Polissya Ukraine, allowed to locate territories with the highest values. According to the List of especially valuable soil groups, the place of significant distribution of especially valuable soil groups of national and regional importance was established and territorially separated on the map. It is shown that the main agricultural potential of the study area is concentrated in the Central and Left Bank Polissya. The largest areas of soil with a score of 37 to 57 points and above are concentrated in the central and eastern parts of Polissya, which indicates the significant investment potential of these territories. According to the results of the arable land bonitet scale, maps with accurate depictions of Polissya districts, which are most suitable for winter wheat and potato cultivation, were constructed.
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Development of GIS for assessment of ecological stability of land
Authors V. Zatserkovnyi, P. Trofymenko, A. Amelyanets, N. Trofimenko, V. Mykytyuk and T. KotkovaSummaryThe article provides a comprehensive assessment of the ecological status of the territory of Chernihiv region in relation to the main types of land, characterized by varying degrees of anthropogenic load. The ecological stability of the territory was determined and the anthropogenic load of the territory was assessed. The level of plowing and agricultural development of the territory was established. It is established that the Chernihiv region is characterized by intensive use of land in agriculture. The share of arable land in the structure of agricultural land for the period from 2000 to 2016 increased by 1.2%, which led to an increase in plowed land to 44.5%. The magnitude of the ecological stability coefficient of the territory (0.48) of the Chernihiv region indicates that the territory of the region as a whole is ecologically unstable and unstable
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Geoinformation support for monitoring the land use of the ecological network of regions
Authors K. Mamonov, A. Palamar, R. Viatkin and I. KondratyukSummaryThe aim of the research is to define trends and characteristics of geoinformation monitoring of land use objects of the ecological network of regions. To achieve this goal the following tasks are solved: 1. Characteristics of methods of formation geoinformation support of monitoring of land use of objects of ecological network of regions. 2. Determining the directions of development and implementation of the method of integrated assessment of the level of formation and use of land objects of the ecological network of regions. 3. Definition of practical aspects of formation of geoinformation support of monitoring of use of lands of objects of an ecological network of regions.
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Accuracy of formulas for calculating dynamic heights
Authors E. Novikova, A. Palamar and I. YeropunovaSummaryIn this study, the accuracy of the three known approximate formulae for calculating dynamic heights in the normal gravity field of the Earth for a level ellipsoid of the system WGS-84 is investigated. A simple formula is proposed for the calculation of dynamic heights, the standard deviation of which for geodetic heights varying from 0 to 100 km does not exceed 0.1 m. This formula can be successfully applied not only in geodesy but also in meteorology.
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The research of the impact of environmental factors on the use of underground real estate
Authors K. Mamonov, S. Nesterenko, V. Frolov and V. TroyanSummaryThe formation and development of Ukrainian cities are one of the most important tasks in the development of the innovation potential of the regions on the basis of increasing their attractiveness to residents by reducing the environmental impact of underground real estate use. Given the views of scientists on solving the problems of environmental factors of underground real estate use, it should be noted the lack of clear solutions and integrated approaches. The application of mathematical methods and models for the study of the influence of environmental factors on the use of underground real estate lands within the framework of an integrated approach will allow us to determine the standardized indicator and give appropriate recommendations. The purpose of the study is to quantify the impact of environmental factors on the use of the underground real estate.
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Assessment of the influence of environmental parameters on the economic efficiency of the territorial organization in agricultural enterprises
More LessSummaryOne has conducted a correlation-regression analysis of the impact of environmental (factor) parameters of the organization of the territory on the economic development of the agricultural sector in the structure of agricultural enterprises of Lviv region, reflecting the effective (economic) indicators. According to the results of the study, a close relationship and a direct dependence between gross agricultural output, the level of profitability, normative monetary valuation of agricultural land and environmental indicators, due to the extensiveness of agricultural production. Considering economic and mathematical modeling, one has calculated the predicted value for the studied economic indicators depending on the ecological parameters of the territorial organization in agricultural enterprises of Lviv region for 2019. The results of the study of the relationship between environmental and economic parameters denote the desideratum to preserve agroecosystems, to ensure the reproductive process in agricultural land use, the practical implementation of on-farm land management projects.
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Construction and accuracy estimation of determining the Earth’s geoid by its potential
Authors M. Fys, A. Brydun, A. Sohor, M. Yurkiv and V. LozynskyiSummaryThe paper presents an algorithm for constructing a geoid based on the external gravitational field of the Earth, the radius vector of which is determined from the condition of the constancy of the potential on the equipotential surface. The values of the coordinates of such a figure calculated by the iterative method are discrete points in space, and therefore, using them, it is possible to visually construct a three-dimensional geoid image or in the form of contour maps on a plane. A formula for an a priori estimate of the accuracy of determining the radius vector of the Earth's figure is derived, based on the theory of implicit functions of many variables. Approbation of the described technique is carried out on a specific example. The calculation results confirm the convergence of the iterative process in determining the values of the radius vector and a high degree of calculation accuracy (5–6 cm). Therefore, this approach complements traditional assessment methods and can be fully used to study the shape of the Earth.
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A comparison of PLAXIS and LANDSLIP software packages for landslide hazard assessment
Authors V. Shokarev, I. Syvko, E. Shokarev, O. Shokarev, D. Volkov and I. KaliukhSummaryDifficult soil conditions are observed on almost 90% of the territory of Ukraine. Therefore, unpredictable changes in physical and mechanical characteristics of soils due to technogenic and natural geological factors can lead to dangerous deformation processes. A lot of such processes end with soil accidents and catastrophes. Among them, the landslide soil accidents and catastrophes rank first in Ukraine and second in the world (after earthquakes) in terms of the volume of economic damage inflicted. Therefore, construction of buildings and structures on landslide areas is not recommended by Ukrainian building codes. To protect urban areas and existing structures from landslides, it is often necessary to carry out complex and sometimes very expensive engineering protection measures. Preventing landslide disasters helps to avoid casualties and is less costly than eliminating their consequences. Unfortunately, insufficient development of methods for assessing the degree of landslide hazard and reliability of anti-landslide structures leads to the fact that requirements of the building codes are not always met. Therefore, the number of landslide accidents and disasters is growing in Ukraine from year to year. It determines relevance of work to improve the methods for calculating landslide hazard and loads on anti-landslide structures, increasing reliability and efficiency of engineering protection of territories and structures. Currently, due to computerization of calculations, their labor intensity for designers is significantly reduced, which makes it possible to widely use variational methods. In Ukraine, when calculating the stability coefficients, the well-known and widely used calculation methods of Maslov – Berer and Shakhunyants are used. They are recommended for use by the modern building codes of Ukraine. The approximate computational methods of Maslov – Berer and Shakhunyants are based on application of the theory of the marginal stress state of the granular medium, like most other computational methods for assessing landslide hazard. To determine the error of these approximate methods in comparison with the more accurate numerical solution based on the Mohr – Coulomb soil model implemented in PLAXIS software package, the comparative calculations were carried out for the identical landslide sections. Two types of the soil conditions were considered: clay and sand. Therefore, we have calculated the stability coefficient for the same landslide slope using PLAXIS software package based on the Mohr – Coulomb model and using LANDSLIP software package based on the approximate methods of Maslov – Berer and Shakhunyants. The absolute error by the Maslov – Berer method was 0.21 for sand and 0.03 for clay; relative error for sand – 18.75%, for clay – 1.83%. The absolute error according to the Shakhunyants method was 0.11 for sand and 0.2 for clay; the relative error for sand was 9.82%, for clay – 12.2%.
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Study of the method of spatial identification of polygonal features in the integration of geospatial datasets
Authors Y. Havryliuk and A. LyashchenkoSummaryIntegration of geospatial datasets is complex and time-consuming process. Integration is especially difficult if the geospatial datasets do not share common feature identification attributes. In this study, we explored the software implementation of the method of spatial identification polygonal features of geospatial datasets by detecting matching pairs of features from two different datasets using measures of their spatial overlap and the similarity of their morphometric characteristics (perimeter, area, width-to-length ratio, blockiness, number of vertices). The polygonal feature identification program is implemented in PL/pgSQL for a spatial database in PostgreSQL/PostGIS. The results of the experiment on the example of the 13832 polygonal building models for the town of Bila Tserkva using an OSM dataset and a digital topographic plan of 1:2000 scale showed the ability to perform spatial identification of about 85% of buildings with little or no user intervention.
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The main directions of cadastre development in Ukraine taking into account the experience of foreign countries
Authors N. Stupen, Y. Hubar, O. Hulko, A. Vovk and M. SobchukSummaryState Land Cadastre is a unified state geoinformation system of data on lands located within the borders of Ukraine, their purpose, restrictions on their use, as well as data on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of land plots, their assessment, distribution of land plots between landowners and land users, which provide full information on all land plots, application of a unified system of spatial coordinates and land identification systems, the introduction of the unified system of land cadastral information and its reliability. Cadastral monitoring is carried out, which is an information-analytical system, which due to some scientific-organizational, technical and other factors makes it possible to trace the processes of changes in the data in space that make up the cadastral system. The national cadastral system is now operating successfully and meets the best standards in world practice. One has presented building a cadastre and cadastral system in Ukraine in the review of foreign and Ukrainian publications. One has envisaged that the cadastre of the future will be multi-purpose in 3D or 4D. An important mechanism of economically sustainable development of territories is the cadastral system as an integrated database of various registers: property rights, assessment of land improvements, geospatial data, etc. The country cadastral system is public with access to databases on-line. The report conducts and analyzes cadastres of the future – spatial one with 3D image and multi-purpose cadastre 4d. The change of approaches to cadastral zoning leads to the necessity to transform a great number of the identified land and property units. During the transition to the new system of cadastral zoning of the territory of Ukraine, one has laid the nomenclature division of topographic plans and maps, which exists in Ukraine. Therefore, according to the recommendations of ISPIRE Rule 18, one presents all land plots in the cadastral register and their areas in a vector image, indicates their rights and location, and they are public. The cadastral system of the future will be a highly influential component of tomorrow’s lifestyle, a powerful lever for land and property management. One will introduce this system into the social and economic structure – planning of traditional land use and urbanized territories, land use valuation, which will stimulate their effective use and protection. Thus, in the near future in Ukraine, one should construct a cadastral system, which would include a multi-purpose cadastre, registers of property rights, valuations of cadastral objects and other registers.
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Special features of automated decoding of farmland satellite images (on the example of Kipti territorial community)
Authors A. Skorobahatko, V. Zatserkovnyi, O. Nikolaienko, V. Babii, P. Trofymenko and N. TrofimenkoSummaryThe paper presents the results of evaluation of various methodologies of automated land decryption and evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of each of them. The use of methods of comparative classification made it possible to identify with high reliability the types of agricultural land: arable land, perennials, fallows, hayfields and pastures. The obtained results allowed to increase the reliability of automated identification of agricultural lands and to establish trends in their quality. It is proposed to use the presented approach to assess the condition of agricultural lands at the level of united territorial communities.
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Geodetic monitoring of meter intervals of the Berezhany basis
Authors I. Pokotylo, T. Korliatovych, P. Perii, V. Tarnavsʹkyy and A. VovkSummaryInvestigations of meter intervals of the Berezhany basis were conducted with a standardized test meter with the use of photo fixation of end scale reading. For comparing the results of the measurements with the test meter by the photo fixation method, the linear and angular measurements on the Berezhany reference basis have been conducted. For determining the deviation of measuring the distances on the basis from a horizontal position, the geometrical levelling of pipe benchmarks of the Berezhany geodetic basis has been performed. The comparative analysis of measuring the lengths of parts of the basis phase site determined by the photo fixation method in different years have been conducted. The comparison of the results of measuring the lengths of the phase site of the basis obtained by the photo fixation method and linear and angular measurements has been conducted. The application of linear and angular measurements on the geodetic basis agrees with the results of the measurements by the photo fixation method and confirms them. Measurements of the phase site of the Berezhany basis by the photo fixation method and with the use of forced centering screws enable the considerable increase in accuracy of determining the instrument error of the electronic tachometers.
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Investigation of rented immovable real estate right
Authors Yu. Hubar, Yu. Khavar, V. Sai, L. Vynarchyk and Kh. IvakhniukSummaryReal estate occupies an important place in the economic life of society not only as a commodity of long-term use, but also as an object of investment, collateral, taxation, etc. and, thus, becomes a thing for which a number of legal relations are formed. In fact, property in civil law is interpreted as a separate thing and related rights and obligations. This interpretation is fundamental for real estate because, due to the impossibility of being moved, it requires a special method of transfer from one owner to another - through the transfer of ownership of this property. That is why when real estate is valued, the object of evaluation is not real estate as a physical thing, but the rights to it, which are actually traded on the market ( Perovych L., Hubar Yu., 2016 ). When valuing real estate, it is necessary to clearly define the rights that may pass from one person to another. Traditionally, such rights include: property rights, collateral rights, lease rights, building rights, easements, real obligations, and so on. The most complete set of powers is the right of ownership, the value of which, in essence, reflects the value of real estate. In International Valuation Standards, it is interpreted as an unconditional unrestricted right that includes the right to use, occupy, develop, share, sell, lease, inherit, exchange, bestow, use all or any of these powers. them, transferring the rest to other persons or the state or abandoning them altogether. That is, the right of ownership allows by law to own, use and dispose of the property of the owner of this right at its discretion, regardless of the intentions of others. The owner of this right may create smaller benefits based on the distribution of real estate rights by financial interests (eg, equity and debt) and / or physical interests (eg, land lease, building ownership, etc.). Such rights, in contrast to property rights, are called partial. At the same time, the owner retains his interest in the property as a landlord, mortgagor ( Kharryson H.S., 1994 ; Drapikovskyi O.I. et al, 2015 ). Partial rights are derived from property rights and provide for at least two interests: the interest of the owner who transferred part of his powers, and the interest of the person to whom they are transferred. The value of interests that correspond to partial rights depends on the terms of the contracts under which they are formed. Valuation of real estate is based on the assumption that the value of this property is formed by income from its use, which in turn depends on the completeness of real estate rights. The most complete in terms of powers is the right of ownership, which allows the owner of this right to own, use and dispose of real estate within the law at its discretion. Based on this right, derivative rights are formed, including the right to lease ( Malashevskyi M. et al, 2018 ).
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Monitoring of coastal protective strips of the Velykyi Kuyalnyk River and recommendations for their state improvement in the future
Authors N. Loboda, O. Hryb, Ya. Yarov, V. Pylypiuk and A. BalanSummaryThe paper collected and summarized information about the current state coastal protective strips of watercourses (rivers, gullies, streams) and artificial reservoirs (ponds, reservoirs, quarries in the floodplain of the river etc.) in the basin of the Velykyi Kuyalnyk River. By 2018, there was practically no information on the state of lands of coastal protective strips and water protection zones in the basin of the Velykyi Kuyalnyk River. This created significant misunderstandings and abuses during their use and has led to intensive degradation of the ecosystem river and the Kuyalnytskyi Lyman. According to monitoring in the river basin (expeditionary surveys and the decryption results of satellite images for the period from 2007 to 2018) the authors compiled a comprehensive map (of 56 sheets) of the basin of the Velykyi Kuyalnyk River. On this map are marked: network of watercourses, artificial reservoirs,dikes and dams and plots of shores where the requirements are violated the Water and the Land Code of Ukraine regarding the state and mode of economic activity within the coastal protective strips. For practical application a detailed description of the state and boundaries of coastal protective strips along both banks of the modern riverbed of the Velykyi Kuyalnyk River is prepared. The width of the coastal protective strips is most often violated. It is established that significant parts of the coastal protective strips occupy the plowed land and private grounds. There are no coastal protective strips on some parts of the river. In some cases, coastal protective strips and even riverbeds are plowed. It has been determined that 44% of coastal protective strips do not meet the requirements of the Water and the Land Code of Ukraine. The authors prepared general recommendations for measures to improve the status of coastal protective strips of water objects in the basin of the Velykyi Kuyalnyk River. These recommendations include organizational and economic measures, agrotechnical measures, measures for melioration of meadows and forest plantations, as well as hydraulic engineering measures. Implementation of these measures contributes to the future restoration of the natural hydroecological regime of water facilities in the basin of the Velykyi Kuyalnyk River. The indicated measures allow to restore or strengthen the protective (buffer) role of vegetation of coastal landscapes within the limits of coastal protective bands in the basin of the Velykyi Kuyalnyk River.
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Interactive map of environmental pollution of the surface waters in Lviv region
Authors A. Sohor, A. Brydun, N. Yarema, V. Lozynskyi and M. SohorSummaryThe ecological status of the surface waters of the Lviv region is influenced by closely related various factors, namely: soil pollution, atmosphere, change of landscape structure and technogenic congestion of the territory, inefficient work of sewage and treatment facilities, failure of the mapping of coastal water protection and marsh, as well as their non-observance, especially in settlements, pollution and clogging of rivers with household and other wastes, trellising of forests along streams in mountainous terrain. Another important problem that leads to surface water pollution in the region is the lack of water protection zones and coastal protection strips of water bodies in the territory of the region. Absence of planning and mapping materials and uncertainty on the terrain boundaries of water protection zones and coastal protection strips lead to violations of land and water legislation when using them. At present, the state of water bodies in Ukraine, and in particular in the Lviv region is at an unsatisfactory level. The main problems in this area are the progressive nature of the negative impact on the environmental and human health. As at present there is no cartographic material that can visualize the problem of surface water pollution in Lviv region, the main purpose of this work was to create an interactive map of surface water pollution. To achieve this goal, we collected and systematized geospatial statistical mapping materials on the ecological status of the surface waters of the Lviv region. The necessary software for the development of the interactive map is identified and its possibilities are examined. An algorithm for loading geospatial data into the created web resource has been developed. The application template for the creation of web-maps of the monitoring network of the surface water of the Lviv region and the discharge of sewage for 2017–2018 in ArcGIS Online environment was selected. Thus, two interactive maps of ecological pollution of Lviv region's surface water in ArcGIS Online were developed.
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The Status and Development Trends of Land Remote Sensing
Authors L. Ren and N. Lazorenko-HevelSummaryThe land resource is a very important natural resource and the most basic resource necessary for human production activities and social development. The research of changes in land resources is the great significance to global climate change and sustainable development. At the same time, land resources vary greatly in different periods and different regions. This means that it is difficult to monitor land resources with a single method such as aerial photography, using UAVs, laser scanning or some other method of remote sensing, but in combination it is getting easier. Since the 1970s, remote sensing technology has gradually become an important means of monitoring land resources due to its advantages such as all-weather, wide-coverage, short repeated coverage cycles, and strong information acquisition. The article researches the development and applications of remote sensing technology in land resource monitoring. Also the article analyzes future development trends of land remote sensing technology that will be large-scale data fusion, cloud computing and deep learning.
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Application of GIS for morphotectonic analysis (on the example of Kremenets Mountains)
Authors A. Bermes and O. TomeniukSummaryThis study aims to show the possibility of using GIS for morphotectonic analysis of the territory that by the use of geomorphic indices helps us in reconstruction the stages of the development of the landforms during a certain period. On the example of Kremenets Mountains, the created maps of differences of isobase surfaces within the limits of the second, third and fourth orders are analysed. This is one of the methods of morphotectonic analysis. A map of the differences of the isobase surfaces of the second and third orders as well as a map of the differences of the isobase surfaces of the third and fourth orders are a part of created cartographic material. Based on them, two stages of influence of recent tectonic (mainly vertical) movements on this territory have been identified, which together with the processes of denudation and accumulation have formed a general appearance of the Kremenets Mountains. Within both stages, areas that have been significantly affected by modern tectonic uplifts and lowerings have been identified. The publication also presents several methodological aspects for constructing cartographic material for morphometric analysis.
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GIS analysis of the hydrogeological conditions as the factor of the development and activation of landslide processes (by the example of Ivano-Frankivsk region)
Authors L. Davybida, D. Kasiyanchuk, E. Kuzmenko and B. KarpinskyiSummaryThe research is devoted to the influence of hydrogeological conditions on the formation of landslides for the territory of Ukraine. Special attention is paid to Ivano-Frankivsk region, where landslides have a significant spread. GIS analysis of the localization of landslides in relation to the structural units of hydrogeological zoning allowed to establish certain patterns of the territorial intensity of landslide processes coordinated with the mountain and plain landscape-hydrogeological complexes.
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Spatial analysis of the relation between the distribution of dangerous exogenous geological processes and landscape hydrogeological complexes in Transcarpathian
Authors L. Davybida, D. Kasiyanchuk and L. ShtogrinSummaryThe impact of hydrogeological conditions on the formation of dangerous exogenous geological processes (EGP) (landslides, mudflows, underflooding) for the territory of the Transcarpathian region is considered. Analysis of the localization of the EGP of different types in relation to landscape-hydrogeological complexes allowed to establish certain patterns of their distribution, which, in turn, suggests the need to involve hydrogeological zoning by the groundwater formation as a static factor influencing the development of EGP for creating predictive models of exogenous geodynamical activity.
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Using GIS in geoarchaeology of Podillya (Ukraine)
Authors A. Shevtsova and O. TomeniukSummaryThis study demonstrates the key aspects of the application of geographic information systems for the needs of geoarchaeological research. The basic principles of ArcGIS software are briefly outlined. The process of using ArcGIS for spatial data analysis, as well as the creation and interpretation of maps for basic archaeological needs, is also described. Main features of creation and analysis of electronic geomorphological maps are demonstrated on the example of a digital elevation model map of the Palaeolithic site Ihrovytsia I.
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Peculiarities of the method of calculation feature’s geodetic area on the reference ellipsoid in GIS
Authors D. Kin and Yu. KarpinskyiSummaryThe transition from the cartographic to the geoinformation approach to the production of topographic maps determines the transition from cartometric to analytical methods in GIS. Authors researched the peculiarities of calculation the geodetic area of a feature on the reference ellipsoid by Simpson's method. Peculiarities of calculating feature's geodetic area are determined by developing the special function in PostgreSQL 12.0. The programmed special function for calculating the geodetic areas of features depends on the number of segments involved in Simpson's method because it is affected by the specified accuracy of determining these areas.
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Some aspects of the edge matching method of digital topographic maps in the scale of 1:50 000 for creation the main state topographic map
Authors N. Lazorenko-Hevel, D. Kin and Yu. KarpinskyiSummaryThe article proposes the research of some aspects of the edge matching method of digital topographic maps in the scale of 1:50 000 for creation single seamless Topographic Database of the Main State Topographic Map in Ukraine within the framework of the Ukrainian-Norwegian project. The single seamless Topographic Database of the Main State Topographic Map (hereinafter – Topographic Database) is being created for the first time in Ukraine for the creation and development of the National Spatial Data Infrastructure which requires relevant, reliable and high-quality Core Reference Datasets which based on digital topographic maps. This research considers the edge matching of the updated digital topographic maps before the uploading into Topographic Database. Compliance with the proposed requirements for the edge matching of the updated digital topographic maps will raise the quality of the edge matched updated digital topographic maps in the scale of 1:50 000 for creation the seamless Topographic Database of the Main State Topographic Map. During researching of the edge matching method of the updated digital topographic maps in the scale 1:50 000 was defined that the transformation of coordinates from one zone of the Gauss-Krueger projection to another executes with insufficient accuracy for the usage of analytical methods in ArcGIS.
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The national spatial data infrastructure as the basis for the State Land Cadastre
Authors L. Datsenko, S. Titova and M. DubnytskaSummaryThe paper deals with the problem of the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) development in Ukraine. Analyses of the NSDI history illustrates, that the issues of creation and further development of NSDI in Ukraine have always been considered through the prism of land relations. NSDI in our society is often misunderstood as an improved version of the State Land Cadastre, which ultimately undermines its importance. The authors propose to develop two government conceptss: Concept of the State Target Program for Development of Land Relations in Ukraine until 2030 (based on the NSDI) and separately Concept of the State Target Program for Development of National Spatial Data Infrastructure in Ukraine until 2030.
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Research of the watercourse confluence based on RSD (by the example of the Sukil river)
Authors N. Rybak, L. Dubis and Yu. AndreychukSummaryThe work is based on the research of rivers channels processes in river confluences using remote sensing. It presents a method for determining the angles of the confluence of rivers in different geomorphological conditions for example of the Sukil river basin. Determining the influence of tributaries at the main river and sedimentation processes in the confluence zone is the main goal of researching. Also, the riverbeds are typified before and after the confluence, and a zone of influence are identified in this area.
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An impact of dynamic loading on the slopes in the Carpathian region of Ukraine
Authors V. Tytarenko, V. Shuminskiy, Ya. Dombrovskyi, A. Sirenko, M. Yakovenko and Iu. KaliukhSummaryIn the city of Chernivtsi and its region there are numerous occurrences of landslides in the Neogene argillaceous deposits. Such slopes feature the complex spatial stress-strain state caused by the processes of the Neogene clays deconsolidation and seismic activities. Lateral spreads, earth flows and slides are widespread. The risk that buildings and structures can be destroyed increases not only by the impact of grade 7–9 earthquake shocks and vibrations but also by weaker earthquakes with a magnitude 5–6. Under complex ground conditions of Ukraine, seismic waves can result in destruction of buildings and structures due to the following unfavourable conditions: activation of potential landslides and development of enormous ground cracks with creation of opening up to 1–2m wide, and 7–10 m deep and even more; triggering of fractured rocks falls from benches and steep slopes; enhancement of coast erosion action; intensive formation and streaming of mudflows in mudflow hazardous areas because of activation of thixotropic liquefaction of degraded loess masses under foundations of buildings and structures. As a result, they lose their bearing capacity; activation of suffusion which gradually changes from slow suffusion removal of soil to a catastrophic out-burst of rarefied soil masses. Three main patterns and models of landslide process development (flow, sliding, shear) of change are distinguished, that modelling the litho-dynamic of landslide-dangerous slopes in clays of Neogene Age in the region of Carpathians of Poland and Ukraine. It is set that for the shear landslides the middle width is 11,5 m, maximal width is 40 m, middle width on edge is 23,5 m, middle extent of slope is 380 m, middle width on front is 1000 m and slope angle of slide surface, is not exceed 15 except the area of edge. Consideration is being given to the use of accelerograms of real earthquakes for calculation of strain-stress state of landslide-prone slopes of Chernovtsy city by using PLAXIS software. As a result of numeral modelling of the stress-strain state of shear landslides by direct dynamic method on the basis of software PLAXIS there was found out: the seismic events with intensity up to 6 on a Medvedev scale can considerably to worsen the soil behaviour in the slide zone and to effect on slope firmness and value of shear pressure.
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Prospects of using passive seismic in the Novy Port oil and gas condensate field, Russia
Authors G. Kashin, V. Mironychev and O. LikhachevaSummaryThis paper considers the prospects of conducting the supplementary exploration in the north part of the Novy Port oil and gas condensate field. There may be two ways to completely explore this field. The first way includes drilling a significant number of exploration wells based on available data. The second one requires the passive seismic surveys and drilling a small number of exploration wells with the aim of confirming the obtained results. These wells can be used as the production ones later. Such an approach will significantly reduce the financial burdens and increase reliability of received geological information. There are many advantages of using the passive seismic in the Novy Port oil and gas condensate field.
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Monitoring of mining branches according to satellite radar interferometry
Authors M. Pakshyn, I. Liaska, K. Burak, L. Dorosh and M. HrynishakSummaryThese studies are aimed at establishing the current capabilities of radar interferometry methods and the prospects of their use for observations of vertical deformations on the example of the mine field Khotin Kalush-Golinsky field. The comparative study of PS and SBAS radar data processing methods justifies the use of radar interferometry technology to analyze the dynamics of deformation processes of the earth's surface and near-surface objects. Over a short period of time, these methods make it possible to analyze the deformation of the earth's surface. Features of PS and SBAS methods are analyzed. To verify the results of these methods, measurements of shear values in the most problematic areas were observed by high-precision geometric leveling with a short beam. The results of observations by ground (geometric leveling with a short beam) and space (radar interferometry) methods correlate and confirm the presence of a zone of active sedimentation in the mining area.
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Determination of quantitative indicators of earthquake destruction by different time space images
Authors B. Chetverikov, I. Trevoho, L. Babiy, Kh. Marusazh and R. AbdallahSummaryThroughout history, natural disasters have constantly plagued humanity, the greatest damage was caused by earthquakes, taking many lives, destroying cities and infrastructure. Determining the results of an earthquake, namely damages and destructions of buildings is one of the main needs in dealing with the consequences of a natural disaster. Recently, natural disasters caused by anthropogenic phenomena have increased in the world. Therefore, the scientific study of the destructions caused by cataclysms of natural origin is an extremely important problem. Involvement of digital photogrammetry and geoinformation technologies is very effective in this matter. The area that has been destroyed on a large scale on the Earth's surface needs to be determined with the help of satellite images and remote sensing data. The main purpose of the work is the processing of digital satellite images obtained from the GeoEye-1 satellite on 15.07.2017 and 18.11.2017, in order to identify areas affected by the earthquake on the border of Iraq and Iran. Namely, part of the city of Sarpol-e Zahabb, located in Iran. When performing the work, a comparison of the automatic and manual methods was used. During the experimental studies, photogrammetric, cartographic methods and methods of remote sensing of the Earth were used. The work was performed using the Erdas Imagine software and he Delta CUE module. The technique of determining the difference indicators of the earthquake consequences by the automatic method is described. The results of the work can be used to calculate losses after natural disasters. As the results of detecting the area of damaged objects due to the earthquake it was found in automatic mode that 61 objects were damaged, and the total area of damage is 19103m2, the area of the largest object is 3300m2.
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