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18th International Conference on Geoinformatics - Theoretical and Applied Aspects
- Conference date: May 13-16, 2019
- Location: Kyiv, Ukraine
- Published: 15 May 2019
81 - 100 of 142 results
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An Approach to Detect and Visualize the Anomalies based on GPR Data
Authors M. Ozkan Okay and R. SametSummaryGround Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a geophysical technique which is widely used to collect the data from near-surface part of underground. The use of GPR in the research and applications has been increasing recently. GPR data allow users to detect, analyze, visualize and interpret the underground structures easily and accurately. GPR is used for solving many problems related to the ground surveys, tunnels, archaeological excavations, geophysical applications, mining research, etc. The collected GPR data are made appropriate for interpretation of the underground structures by using different data processing techniques. The aim of this study is to propose the methodology to detect and visualize the anomalies based on GPR data. The proposed methodology was implemented on real GPR data. The obtained results showed that the proposed methodology allows users to detect and visualize underground anomalies with high accuracy.
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Geophysical online monitoring of copper ores for silver's detection at Kazakhmys Corporation LLC
Authors A. Nigmatullin, A.N. Kan, S. A. Yefimenko, V. Onyshchuk and O. ShabaturaSummaryThe paper discusses the results of methodological, instrumental and experimental investigations on solving the problem of effective geophysical online monitoring of copper-containing ore deposits. These deposits consist of the main (Cu, Pb, Zn) and related (Ag, Cd, Mo) ore's components so mining enterprises of Corporation Kazakhmys LLC developed an analysis and information system to provide controlled management of silver mining. The main problems are: low (from 1+ ppm) silver content in the ores of most deposits; complex elemental composition of ores; high (up to 7 m) faces' thick, which need to be tested with vertical sections (for example, deposits Zhezkazgan and Zhaman-Aybat). The basic research method is X-ray fluorescence method with such tools as the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometers: portable RPT-12Т (34 elements) and laboratory RPP-21Т (31 elements). The majority of the measurements were performed using RPP-12T on samples: exploratio n well, reference hand pieces, coarsely ground car probes at the Zhezkazgan processing plant, powder geological samples and state standard reference samples of ores. The research results are tabulated with mandatory comparison of the data of the RPP-12T and RPP-21T spectrometers with the data of chemical analyzes. Studies have shown that the task of ensuring a controlled silver mining process in ores has been successfully solved: silver is effectively determined, starting with the contents of 1+ ppm.
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The technology of formal interpretation of deep geoelectrical parameters of the northern part of the Scythian Plate
By N. BriashkoSummaryMT/MV methods serve as a source of direct information on the presence of anomalies of electrical conductivity and geoelectrical parameters of the crust and upper mantle. Deep point MTS village Ridne locates in the northern part of the Scythian Plate. The qualitative characteristic of the experimental data suggests to possible presence of a conductor with S = 3000 – 4000S. Results of 1D- inversion indicate the existence of an anomalous zone with ρ = 100 Ohm∙m. The total longitudinal conductivity of the sedimentary strata along the ascending branches ρп reaches over 400 S. An analysis of the magnetic-variation responses shows a complex three-dimensional situation in the deep part of the Sivas through, that correspond to surface and deep electrical conductivity anomalies. This question needs to solve by three-dimensional modeling.
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Regional geostatistical analysis of the atmogeochemical field of the central part of Northern Ukraine with the briochemical indication
Authors Yu. Tyutyunnik, J. Daunis-i-Estadella, O. Shabatura, O. Blum, A. Onyschenko and A. BuninaSummaryThe biogeochemical indication of atmospheric pollution in the central part of northern Ukraine is based on the use of moss P. schreberi species. The sampling system provided an empirical reference the moss sample data to a particular physical and geographical zone. Data on the content of chemical elements were analysed with centered ternary charts. Results made it possible to form a mutual hyperspace of geochemical factors and signs for its subsequent interpretation. The leading factor of the briogeochemical indication is air pollution by a large dust of natural terrigenous and man-caused origin. Second factor connected with a finely dispersed man-caused-condensation aerosols impact; the third factor is identified by the behavior of titanium and vanadium as the effect of heat and power (TPP, boiler room) on atmospheric emissions. Regional differences of briogeochemical markers connected with the factors of dust-lifting, heat emission and transport.
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The Use of Geoinformatics for Geoarchaeological Studies: A comparison between Prambanan Temple and Bojongmenje Temple
Authors B.M. Hartono, A. Najili and A.H.P. KesumajanaSummaryThis paper focuses on investigating the geomorphological conditions around Hindu and Buddha Temple, especially Bojongmenje Temple, using geoinformatics studies. this investigation was conducted to investigate the temples location geomorphological characteristic, specifically in Java, by satellite imagery, DEM data, and field and hand specimen observation. From these characteristics, the relation of the peoples that live in that era with its geological and geomorphological conditions, and the location pattern for the temples construction can be inferred. Geoinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that develops and uses information science and science infrastructure to address the problems of geosciences. One of the fields that use geoinformatics study is geoarchaeology. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are powerful tools because it can be used for gather, transform, manipulate, analyse, and produce information related to the surface of the earth. This study sh ows that the geoinformatics studies support us to understand the history of the past. It helps us to understand the pattern of the temple location and also the relation of the people on that era with its geological conditions.
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Development of GIS subsystems for gravity monitoring data analysis of the subsoil conditions for oil and gas fields
Authors A. Nazirova, F. Abdoldina, Y. Dubovenko and G. UmirovaSummaryPurpose. Various negative processes occur due to the long-term development of hydrocarbon deposits on an oil and gas fields. For the Republic of Kazakhstan the task of forecasting such processes is important for further assessment of the negative consequences. The automated systems has been widely used as a tool for solving geophysical problems in an oil and gas fields. Among them the special place took the geographic information systems (GIS). This paper describes the subsystems implementation for a new GeoM geographic information system, which is created on the basis of gravity data monitoring within the one of the selected oil and gas fields.
Design/Methodology/Approach. Before that study, the preliminary stages of development for the created GIS of GeoM are conditionally defined. Tese are the preparatory, the computational, the optimizing and the integration ones. Currently, the system has developed and tested a subsystem for processing the primary data of gravity data monitoring and the graphing of its results and also a subsystem for solving of the gravity direct problem by the fitting procedure. The GIS system database is implemented using an open PostgreSQL relational database. The raw geodata are stored in a PostGis environment. The applied interfaces for the system operation are clearly demonstrated.
Findings. One of the newly developed GIS subsystem is the framework for the solution of the gravity direct problem with the help of the simulating annealing techniques. The main advantages of using of the simulated annealing method are summarized, as they are the fast data processing, applicability for use in the modern systems of parallel computing, and also the processing of large amounts of measured data. A schematic diagram of the common numerical algorithm of the simulating annealing technique is presented in the work. The applicability of this technique is qualitatively justified for the searching of the gravity o ptimal solutions in the created GIS.
Practical value/implications. The development of GIS subsystems made it possible to improve significantly the quality and speed of the gravity data processing. The calculation subsystem allow to solve the garvity direct problem by fitting with the help of the unique procedure of simulating annealing.
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Korosten Pluton (Ukrainian Shield): initial data bank oriented on geochemical modelling
Authors I. Lazareva, S. Shnyukov, A. Andrieiev, A. Aleksieienko and E. KhlonSummaryReliability of diverse practical and fundamental geological results depends on validation of initial data background, research techniques used, methodology and means of sampling, which differ by design according to the aim of research. Accumulated i16n various databases and databanks information on geological objects that was acquired from different sources using different analytical techniques often turns out to be haphazard or even contradictory, which greatly limits its utilization possibilities. This research aims to develop specialized database targeted on geochemical modelling for magmatic system of Precambrian Korosten Pluton (Ukrainian Shield). This publication focuses on results of implementation of databank development basic principles and following analytical quality control of final results: (1) sampling points for main rock types are provided with sufficient geological background; (2) representativeness of samples is granted by their sufficient weight an d multistage filtration by various research techniques (petrographic, mineralogical, XRF etc.); (3) analytical data were obtained simultaneously in single laboratory by single precision analytical technique; (4) high level of analytical quality control grants reliability of geological information.
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Korosten Pluton (Ukrainian Shield): new major and trace element analytical data and its validation
Authors I. Lazareva, S. Shnyukov, O. Andrieiev, A. Aleksieienko and V. ZagorodniiSummaryNew data was acquired for Korosten Pluton (Ukrainian Shield) in order to develop specialized databank, which would meet following requirements: (1) sufficient geological background of sampling points selection, their representativeness and high level of sampled rocks petrographic study; (2) wide range chemical analysis including major and a set of litho- and chalcophile trace elements with different values of effective ionic radius and mineral/melt distribution coefficient using single technique in a single laboratory, if possible – simultaneously; (3) analytical survey conduction by means of modern, precision and most sensitive techniques; (4) high level of analysis validation, which grants reliability of initial geological information. This publication presents results of analytical data quality control: (1) values of systematic errors are minimal and don’t exceed relative standard deviation; (2) values of relative standard deviation don’t exceed 10% at lev el of 5 LOD for most of the elements; (3) trace elements concentrations usually exceed LOD value by significant margin; (4) relative standard deviation values of all major elements in the vast majority of determinations don’t exceed 10% limit. As 2–4 requirements for special databanks are met, analytical data obtained on Korosten Pluton can be successfully utilized in development of databanks, which are targeted at geochemical modelling.
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Denudation as unique Earth Crust sampling procedure: additive effect of sedimentary differentiation and homogenization
Authors S. Shnyukov, E. Tegkaev, I. Lazareva, O. Andrieiev and A. AleksieienkoSummaryLarge geochemical data set, obtained for Precambrian Ukrainian Shield (USh) rock associations, modern sediments and Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks from basins of USh periphery (accumulation reservoirs of eroded upper crustal material) yielded following results: (1) SiO2, Zr and LREE in rocks associations of USh are characterized by complex distribution, which contradicts modern evaluations of lower, middle and upper continental crust. (2) Distribution of SiO2, Zr and LREE in modern sediments and Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks is caused by two factors - sedimentary differentiation and sedimentary homogenization. Second factor erects a set of contrast maximums, which reflect composition of upper continental crust. Results obtained point out that research of zircon and monazite large detrital populations from river sands and sedimentary rocks require consideration of homogenization and differentiation effects. In order to take them into account, it is vital to develop specialized criteria, which can be based on a principle maximum conformity of Zr and LREE concentrations in the sampled sediments and sedimentary rocks to evaluated concentrations in upper continental crust. Implementation of such criteria would significantly enhance reliability of further constraints of the continental crust evolution based on age determinations and trace element geochemical data for zircon and monazite large detrital populations.
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Geoinformation analysis of satellite images of the Vrancea seismic active zone
Authors B.S. Busygin, S.L. Nikulin and K.L. SergieievaSummaryThe Vrancea seismic zone (Romania) is analyzed in order to find spatial interconnections between the localization of earthquake epicenters and objects identified on satellite images – lineaments, brightness boundaries, and circular structures. It was found that the Vrancea seismic zone differs from many other seismically active areas since its earthquakes are controlled, mainly, not by linear, but by circular structures.
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Trace elements in fenites and their accessory minerals within the Ukrainian Shield: a basis for model estimation of crust/mantle source rocks composition
Authors V. Osypenko, S. Shnyukov and O. AndreevSummaryThe results of geochemical modeling of Proskurov (Dnister-Bug Region) and Chernigovka carbonatite (Pre-Azov Region) massifs fenitization process on the rock and mineral level are presented. To calculate the model composition of fenitization fluid is possible using experimental data of distribution coefficients apatite/fluid for some trace elements (at least, Sr and REE).
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Travel-times behavior of reflected P-waves in horizontal thick-layered media with strong anisotropy
Authors G. Prodayvoda, P. Kuzmenko, A. Vyzhva and A. TyshchenkoSummaryThis article discusses an effect of strong anisotropy influence on a form of P-waves travel-times. The character of non-hyperboloid NMO-corrections also is determined by elastic symmetry of rock strata in thick horizontal reflection surface with strong (triclinic) anisotropy. The algorithm for calculations of surface travel-times in layered shale medium with triclinic symmetry is presented. During investigation was found that symmetry of travel-times isochrones map of horizontally layered medium is strictly consistent with the elastic symmetry of shale layer. It is proved that isochrones map of non-hyperboloid correction has the same symmetry as the elastic constants. In the article is shown that azimuthal character of non-hyperboloid NMO-corrections also is strictly depends on elastic symmetry of rocks strata.
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MT/MV investigation of faulty tectonic zones of the western part of the Ukrainian shield
Authors V.A. Ilyenko, T.К. Burakhovich, A.M. Kushnir and Yu.I. NikolaevSummaryExperimental synchronous magnetotelluric and magnetovariational investigations were carried out by modern long-period digital stations with ferromagnetic magnetometers LEMI-417. Measurements of the low-frequency natural electromagnetic field of the Earth of ionospheric-magnetospheric origin were carried out along four profiles: Radomyshl-Fastov, Ruzhin-Skvira, Belilivka-Antonov and Shirmivka-Logvin. By qualitative interpretation of complex tiper and curves of MTZ along the profile of Radomyshl-Fastiv, one can distinguish anomalies of conductivity, shallow occurrence. The part of the Zvizdal-Zaliskaya fault zone separating the Podolsky and Rosinsky megablock of the Ukrainian Shield was manifested in superficial electrical conductivity anomalies as revealed by the data of the MT of studies conducted along three profiles: Ruzhin-Skvira, Belilivka-Antonov and Shirmivka-Logvin. From the interpretation of magnetotelluric and magnetovariational studies on periods larger than 700–1000 s, one can assume a deep anomaly of electrical conductivity of a complex isometric shape with , which coincides geographically with the Brusilivsky interblocked suture zone. Thus, the presence of anomalies of high electrical conductivity 1) both regional and local, 2) along extended fault zones, 3) confined to zones of metallogenic ore and non-metallic fields – are geoelectric criteria for the search for ore deposits of minerals.
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The structure of GIS database of geoarchaeological sites of Ukraine for palaeoecological studies
SummaryThe structure of GIS database of geoarchaeological sites of Ukraine is proposed in the framework of the research project “Reconstruction of the natural environments of ancient Man habitats in the area of Ukraine during the prehistorical and historical times”, which is elaborated by the paper authors. The analysis of geoarchaeological studies fulfilled in Ukraine during the last decades demonstrate the great advances in these investigations. The information, accumulated on the subject, needs to be systematized and easily accessible for exchange in the obtained data and their comparison, for modelling and palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. The GIS database is the most relevant tool for these purposes, including construction of interactive palaeoenvironmetal maps for time periods of coeval existence of different cultures. The proposed database includes these thematical blocks for each geoarchaeological site: І. Spatial location and modern natural setting; II. Morphometric characteristics and landforms; III. Stratigraphy, lithology, palaeopedology and genetic types of deposits; IV. Palaeontology. V. Geochronology. VI. Archaeochronology. VII. References.
Photo images of a site (if available) and a scheme of its geological section will be provided in separate files within the database.
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Evaluation of success geological-exploration works within Boryslavsko-Pokutska zone at Precarpathian foredeep
Authors O. Yakovyna, V. Khomyn, M. Maniuk, O. Maniuk, I. Piatkovska and M. MedvidSummaryThe analysis of dynamics success in geological-exploration works within Boryslavsko-Pokutska zone at Precarpathian foredeep was carried out and the fund of detected and prepared oil and gas prospecting objects during the period of sharp decline in the efficiency of search and exploration works was evaluated.
The reasons for slowdown refresh rate of prepared objects within foredeep are established, the expediency of further spending funds for its creation has been proved. It is believed that the main reason for low efficiency of geological-exploration works is the application of existing classical techniques during the forecasting of oil and gas content in structures, the imperfection of which necessitates the development of approach to forecasting oil and gas content in subsoil on a new theoretical and methodological basis
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Automated system of treatment of mechanical properties anisotropy SiO2, porous polystyrene
Authors A. P. Onanko, D. V. Charny, Y. A. Onanko and R. V. HomenkoSummaryProgrammatic algorithmic facilities of the automated system of numerical analysis and visualization of ultrasound measuring data of anisotropy parameters of elastic waves velocities V, which provide the account of influence of heterogeneity of composition and textures structure and their efficiency are examined. The automated system is offered of numerical analysis and visualization of ultrasound measuring of anisotropy parameters data of velocities V of elastic longitudinal V║, “rapid” V┴1 and “slow” V┴2 transversal waves. The algorithm principle of calculation of anisotropy parameters is presented.
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Inelastic, elastic characteristics of SiO2, porous polystyrene and automated system
Authors A. P. Onanko, D. V. Charny, Y. A. Onanko, M. P. Kulish, O. P. Dmutrenko and S. A. PopovSummaryThe automated system will be realized on the personal computer by setting of the special shell program. The isolines stereoprojections of phase velocities azimuth dependence of quasilongitudinal wave V║ and differences between „fast” V┴1 and „slow” V┴2 quasitransversal velocities ΔV┴= V┴1 − V┴2; the elastic anisotropy differential coefficient Ad; the polarization corner – the rejection of elastic displacements vector from the direction of wave normal and the diagrams of distributing of polarization vectors of quasilongitudinal, “fast” and “slow” quasitransversal velocities waves are built in the automatic regime.
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Calculated accelerograms for the direct dynamic method of determining seismic loads
Authors A. Kendzera and Yu. SemenovaSummaryTo calculate the seismic stability of objects by the direct dynamic method of seismic loads, computed accelerograms are required. The article shows that the use of accelerograms, which do not take into account the soils amplification properties of the particular study site, can lead to incorrect engineering calculations of the seismic resistance of buildings. The article considers the question of how different the maximum acceleration at the same input motion (in the form of an accelerogram) at different sites located close to each other. The results of modeling the amplification of one and the same input motion by the soil strata of two different sites are presented. The sites have a similar geological structure. The bedrock is at the same depth. Geographically, the sites are located at a distance of 10 km from each other in Kiev on the right bank of the Dnieper. Under such conditions, when designing seismic resistant objects, design engineers for emergency load combination calculations usually use the same set of design accelerograms. The modelling results presented in this article showed that the soil amplifications of the same input motion, even on closely spaced and, at first glance, sites with similar geological structure, may differ significantly.
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A character of cosmic bodies influence on earthquakes in Earth crust and below it
Authors A. M. Kazantsaev and L. V. KazantsevaSummaryOften, the detection of the cosmic bodies influence on earthquakes is carried out by finding correlation links between the lunar phases, the distance to the Moon, the time of the day, and so on. At the same time, the real physical impact of the Sun and the Moon on earthquakes can only be the gravitational. That is, such influence should realize through the tidal forces of these bodies in some zones in the Earth's body.
Based on an analysis of about 500,000 seismic events of the Northern California Earthquake Data Base of the USA, a statistically significant dependence of the number of earthquakes at depths up to 40 km on the phase of the moon was found. This dependence can be explained by the specifics of the changes in the tidal forces from the Moon and the Sun in different seasons. For depths of hypocenters over 40 km there is no such dependence.
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Isometry of body size traits in Tirasiana Palij 1976 from the upper Vendian of the Podolian Dniester area
Authors A. Sh. Mienasova, L. V. Тustanovska, L. V. Popova and I. I. DzeverinSummaryThe nature of the Vendian soft-bodied organisms still is being disputed, despite the long history of the study. In particular, circular forms are considered to be colonies of the protozoa, sponges, cyanobionts and coelenterata. We proceeded from the assumption that the allometric relation between the total body diameter and diameter of the gastral cavity must be characteristic for coelenteratas. In order to check whether is likely that the Vendian sessile circular forms were close to coelenteratas, we studied the ratio between dimensional characters in Tirasiana Palij 1976. Imprints (positive hyporelief) of Тіrasiana consist of two superimposed discs, internal and external. Respectively, two characters (internal diameter and external diameter) have been studied. Computations were performed using the program R v. 3. 4. 2 (RCoreTeam, 2017) and the package gvlma v. 1. 0. 0. 3 ( Pena and Slate, 2019 ).
It has been shown that the relationship between internal and external diameters of the body of Tirasiana is linear. The model of linear regression for the inner diameter has been calculated on the basis of the log-transformed data. The results do not prove the hypothesis of the allometric ratio between dimensional parameters in Tirasiana; on the contrary, a strict linearity and isometry of these parameters has been shown.
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