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4th EAGE St.Petersburg International Conference and Exhibition on Geosciences - New Discoveries through Integration of Geosciences
- Conference date: 05 Apr 2010 - 08 Apr 2010
- Location: Saint Petersburg, Russia
- ISBN: 978-90-73781-79-5
- Published: 04 May 2010
101 - 150 of 210 results
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New Technology of the Oil and Gas Shelf–areas Prospecting Basis on “Local United Gradient” of Geophysical Field’s
Authors G.A. Psthenichny, S.A. Nechhaev and E.Y. KaminskyThe new technology of oil and gas deposits prospecting developed by authors are considered in this paper. The method is based on «local generalised gradient zones-tubes» (broad gulls-zones-tubes) selection of the geophysical fields, which corresponding to real subvertical zones-tubes of Earth crust. Application of technology has confirmed well- known gas-condensate deposits on a shelf of Barents sea. New sites, perspective for detection of oil and gas deposits have been revealed. Use of this technology in geological prospecting will allow to find new perspective sites for oil extracting on a shelf by detection of new perspective log-zones. And also will allow to reduce number of prospecting boreholes for perspective estimation of allocated oil and gas shelf areas
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Fractured Well Productivity Index Reduction Caused by the Presence of Damaged Zone
Authors A.V. Pestrikov, A.R. Basharov and M.N. KravchenkoThis work presents the basic of steady-state productivity index behavior for a well with finite conductivity fracture complicated by presence of damaged zone around the fracture. Two kinds of fracture damage parameters are studied: • a damaged zone width around the fracture; • a damaged zone permeability reduction caused by the fracturing fluid loss in the formation.` This paper emphasizes that damage effects on well productivity are quite different for different values of dimensionless fracture conductivity, fracture penetration ratio and damage factor. Special type curves for steady-state productivity index can be used to identify different cases when damaged zone influence on well productivity index becomes quite significant
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Integration of Innovative Seismic Technologies and New Geological Models–A Way to Improved Oil Recovery
Authors O.L. Kuznetsov, I.A. Chirkin, S.I. Slionkin, B.Y. Meltchouk, A.S. Zhukov, A.V. Volkov and S.L. AroutunovA material improvement of oil recovery can be achieved through application of new approaches to survey the state of geological formations, features of oil fields and operation of producing wells. To monitor the state of fields, reservoir rocks and wells it is reasonable to apply innovative seismic technologies featuring high promptness of survey and providing new information allowing substantially extend the range of geological and production solutions. Presented are examples illustrating the efficiency of integration of innovative SVSL and SLEC seismic technologies and new types of geological models resulting in improved oil recovery. By way of example three models describing urgent geological effects are considered in detail: 1) geodynamics of lunisolar solid-sate tides controlling compaction and decompaction of geological formations and changes in its fracturing; 2) subvertical intensively fractured zones which have deep-seated roots and are forming basic vertical and horizontal fluid streams in reservoirs, particularly, in pay zones; 3) correlation between the steady-state characteristics of microseismic emission of rocks and fluid saturation type (analog of ANCHAR effect). These models are applied to interpretation of observed fields of microseismic emissions and scattered seismic waves to study the situation on the oil field under production and to monitor the efficiency of IOR operations
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The Fluid Dynamics of Gas–condensate Deposit at Elastic Pressure Mode of Gas Extraction
Authors V.I. Petrenko, L.I. Mulisheva, N.N. Petrenko, I.V. Shiryaeva and I.N. PetrenkoThe fluid dynamics of gas-condensate deposit at elastic pressure mode of gas extraction is presented. It is shown that during the edge water flooding besides trapped both: gas and retrograde gas condensate, there appearan edging consisting of residual water and gas-condensate mixed in form of emulsion of second type. In case if the edge water flooding is directed to the centre of the gas deposit, than a gas-condensate deposit can be formed
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An Effect of Elastic–deformation Properties of the Plugging Mixtures on the Acoustic Wave Fields in Evaluating the Cemen
Authors A.K. Sheshunov and V.N. ChernoglazovThe mathematical modeling of acoustic waves, based on the mechanical properties of samples of cement, was done for a model of cased well. Informative parameters of waves that characterize the quality of cementing well, their frequency dependence for various gaps in the contact column-cement and cement-rock were established. Acoustic cement bond logging is carried out by probes with various frequency characteristics. By Gutorov's works (1995) the frequency dependence of amplitude of a wave on a column on gap size is experimentally shown. In this investigation, based on mathematical modeling of the acoustic cement bond logging the influence of frequency of the emitter on the parameters of acoustic waves (amplitude and velocity of waves on the column and the Lamb-Stounli wave) was investigated. Simulation was carried out for three types of cements. The results are the basis for improving data interpretation of acoustic cement bond logging in conditions of lightweight cements.
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The Results of the Vibro Impacts Technology Implementation
By I.G. KerimovThe vibro impact Technology implementation results for last 12-15 years shown that it is highly ecologically friendly method which is very efficient and could increase oil production for 15-30 %, oil recovery up to 60-70 %, and substantially decrease watercut and volume of pumping in water.
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Anomalous High Pressure in a Closed Gas Deposit Seam under Condition of Endogenous Warming
Authors V.I. Petrenko, V.Y. Zlenko, M.A. Bondarenko, N.N. Petrenko, I.V. Shiryaeva and V.V. GrankinAn entry of magmatic melt to the distinct area of Earth’s crust containing gas deposits can cause significant local warming of it. The temperature increase of a gas deposit located constantly at a determined depth, leads to the increase in pressure due to gas expansion and increasing saturation by water vapors. The degree of pressure increase in the modeled methane gas deposit is appreciated in this work for temperature range from 120 to 360 oC
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Intelligent Well–The Path to Intellectual Deposit
Authors A.V. Kolonskikh, M.I. Kuzmin and M.K. RogatchyovScientific and technological progress keeps pace with the times. So today you can almost completely automate the process of oil extraction. In this connection the creation of new intelligent well technology becomes more and more important. Primary analyses of the well were made. It showed the basic features of different types of artificial lift methods. Detailed research of the flow rate dynamic enables us to make intelligent well technology.
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Natural Fracture Characterization and Modeling of the Permo–carboniferous Carbonate Reservoir of the Usinsk Oil Field
Authors S.O. Ursegov, K. Pchela and V. CherepanovIn this work, the natural fracture characterization and modeling was performed in the highly fractured Permo-Carboniferous Carbonate Reservoir of the Usinsk Oil Field located in the Timano - Pechora region. The main conclusions of this study are: Fractures are fold and fault related. They are organized in three main sets N150, N120 and N20. The fractures are mainly organized in clusters along the N150 set. The global fracture densities are moderate to low but can show high values in the clusters; The main set N150, is mainly concentrated in the hinge zone of the anticline. The minor two other sets N120 and N20 are not clustered and represent oblique fractures sets to the fold axis; The porosity seems to no have clear impact on the fractured interval as both vuggy and low porosity facies can appear fractured or not. Diffuse fractures related to lithology were not been characterized; Curvature analysis showed that there is good fit between fracture orientation seen at wells and seismic faults and lineaments orientation. This allows to think that fault can have also an impact on the fracture present on the reservoir; A fracture model was built in the reservoir grid available in the SW sector of the reservoir, containing the 1GS well; The model generated in FracaFlow contains fold-related fractures along the three main sets, associated to the structural position. It contains also fault-related fractured associated to the damaged zone of the faults; The dynamic data analysis performed in the SW sector confirmed the presence of fracture in the reservoir; All the dynamic data analyses were combined to prepare a “Fracture synthesis map”. The map was used to pick small-scale deterministic fracture lineaments to be used in fracture modelling; To cover uncertainty in the fracture modelling due to limited data, two fracture models were up-scaled and equivalent fracture parameters were generated. It was recommended to test the models and select the one which gives better result during the history match.
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3D–TEM Survey in the Petroleum Exploration Problem Solving on the Siberian Platform
Authors G. Trigubovich, A. Efimov and M. PersovaAs it is known basic issues of geophysics in the Siberian platform petroleum exploration problem solving are essentially inhomogeneous low layers and background medium. The contribution of low layers response in the times of target horizons appearance several times exceeds the response from these objects. The correct extraction of relatively weak responses from subsurface localisations of productive collectors is a very uneasy scientific and technical problem. It concerns almost all geophysical methods. One-dimensional approaches to deep electromagnetic soundings without taking into account lateral influences of low layers involve the appearance of many "false" subsurface anomalies and the omission of really existing ones. Almost a unique way to considerably correct the situation in this case is to use areal surveying systems with the subsequent 3D interpretation of a space-time data set. Examples that show the effectiveness of the electromagnetic survey in the prognostication of complex collectors with use of the technology of a three-dimensional approach are resulted in the report.
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Electrical Resistivity Tomography–A Source Focusing Approach
Authors A.E. Kaminsky and K.V. TitovComparison of results to a standard technique of an electrotomography shows considerable advantage of a new direction.
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Marine CSEM Technology Performance–Limitations or Opportunities
Authors A. Stefatos, J. Hesthammer and M. BoulaenkoProper use of CSEM technology requires detailed modeling studies prior to acquisition to ensure that the outcome from subsequent analyses of real data will actually enable the oil companies to change their decisions. Detailed modeling studies from West Africa shows that the reservoir burial depth is the most important systematic factor that affects feasibility. Water depth, transverse resistivity and resistivity contrast of reservoir to the background are also important, but do not exhibit a direct, systematic control on the feasibility and therefore should not be considered as apriory limiting factors to the applicability of the CSEM surveys. Instead, case specific modeling is required to determine the feasibility of the CSEM technology for the particular prospects.
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Geophysical Monitoring of Underground Pipelines Technical State
Authors N.P. Demchenko and E.I. KrapivskyPlenty theoretical and experimental researches (lab and field) of the fields of main pipeline have been done. These researches allowed us to work out and scientifically prove the methods of the geophysical monitoring of technical state of underground pipelines. The forecast of probability of corrosion is carried out with the help of the expert-analytical system, which is based on the following factors: pipeline damage reasons; hypotheses about corrosion reasons; analysis of electromagnetic fields; experience estimates of the probability of each factor influencing pipe corrosion. The model contains the database, knowledge base, mathematical block of interpretation of the data and simulation modeling and more than 250 rules. It operates on 15 factors, which one exercise influence on corrosion. The inference is made up on the basis of researches by the complex of geophysical methods. The conclusion Features of the designed hardware - methodical complex - high efficiency, possibility of year-round operation under any conditions of ground connections, low cost. It can precede usage of expensive methods of a defectoscopy. The facilities - methodical complex has passed trace trials on mains of Russia.
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Intergrated Resistivity Imaging of Suswa Geothermal Field–Kenya
By D. SaitetSuswa caldera has been studied extensively and has been proposed as a potential for geothermal exploitation. This work has delineated the potential of the prospect. The approach taken complements the work done by previous researchers and is mainly concerned with resolving the issues that have remained unaddressed. Magnetotelluric method (MT) is capable of producing a clear resolution of the deeper crustal structure by use of natural electromagnetic fields. This technology has been designed fairly recently to specifically address the challenges experienced with the earlier resistivity methods. However, since electric fields are distorted by near surface resistivity inhomogeneities, Transient Electromagnetic method (TEM) is then used to correct the distorted near surface MT data. These two methodologies were employed at Suswa volcanic centre. Analysis and interpretation of the data indicate that the area is endowed with geothermal energy. The reservoir is mapped to a greater precision than before. Two deep exploration wells have been identified and recommended for exploration drilling.
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Monitoring Reservoir Fluids with Surface and Borehole Gravity Sensors
Authors A.N. Vasilevskiy and Y.A. DashevskyThe article addresses the challenge of tracking a gas/water contact by an inversion of time-lapse gravity data. The objective of the study was to evaluate benefits of using the combination of surface and borehole gravity for monitoring fluid movements in the reservoir. The expectation was that borehole gravity measurements performed much closer to the reservoir would provide a higher resolution for detecting a gas/water contact. A combination of surface and borehole gravity measurements was considered. All results and conclusions are based on 3D forward and inverse mathematical modeling of the surface and borehole gravity fields. Software tools for the forward modeling and joint inversion of surface and borehole gravity data in a 3D environment have been developed. The conventional way to implement regularization in the solution of the inverse gravity problem is based on the class of inverse models with a smooth distribution of model parameters. Better results were obtained when the method of constrained focusing inversion was implemented. This inversion provided stable solutions for inverse gravity models with sharp boundaries.
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Asymptotic Anomalies of Uniform Thin Polygonal Sheets
Authors H. Holstein and C. AnastasiadesThin planar sheets are useful gravitational and magnetic models of dykes and veins, treated as two-dimensional geophysical structures on the survey scale of a 3D geological environment. We show that the thin-sheet anomaly formulae are numerically more stable than the corresponding formulae for a finitely thick poyhedral target. We also demonstrate the possibility of finding versions of the thin-sheet formulae that are absolutely stable with respect to increasing target distance to target size ratio, though this stability is obtained at the expense of extra numerical complexity.
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Potential of Forward and Contact Problems of Magnetometry in Finding Kimberlite Objects
Authors V.A. Kochnev and I.V. GozThe results of our simulation show that when configuration of the layers overlying the pipe is known, even the pipes of small diameter (100 m) can be identified. When strong interference from the overlying layers is present, the use of technology ADM-3D allows to identify pipes with a diameter of about 300 m and magnetic susceptibility about 50-100 * 10-5 SI
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Magnetic Field Statistical Characteristics and Their Relation to the Geological Structure of Quartz–Gold Deposits
Authors L. Y. Erofeev and A.N. OrekhovThe analysis of experimental data obtained from typical gold deposits in Kuznetskoe Ala Tau and Transbaikal showed that density distribution of increment induction is subjected to the logarithmic normal distribution law, the asymmetry of which, reflects ore prospect metamorphism grade. The spectral dispersion density decreases at average, inversely proportional to square frequency. Local dispersion density increases in low dispersion density background can be in individual ore-bearing zones, which in its turn are “associated ore bodies”. The magnetic field is characterized by abnormal anisotropy, reflecting the development of diversified elements of the formation structure. Normal entropy induction variations exceeds 0.8, indicating the heterogeneous “petromagnetic” zone structure. The paper includes field observation technique recommendations and interpretation results.
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Spatial Prediction of Topsoil Properties of Nong Sung Area using Gamma Ray Spectrometry
By A.M. FakeyeGamma ray spectrometry tips over the conventional soil sampling method by minimising huge soil survey cost and maximizing economic returns. Relatively, it maps soil variations. Here, we look at the possibility of calibrating gamma ray concentrations to predict various surface soil properties like soil texture and available potassium (avK). The concentrations of 40K, 238U and 232Th in sandstone washed materials were measured in situ by portable Exploranium GR 320 gamma ray spectrometer while soil samples were analysed. Three plots were investigated and result showed homogeneity in on-ground γ-rays concentrations derived from γK based on the geo-lithological nature of soils. The recorded γK values and total gamma ray intensities were related to the soil texture and avK properties. Strong linear relationships were identified between γK and avK (r2 = 0.78, P < 0.001); and also with surface texture (r2 = 0.48 to 0.67). The success of γ-ray spectrometry in predicting avK and other properties relied on this strong relationship that transformed γK map into a 0.2m resolution soil property map by regression analysis, associated with 78% variance in avK and 51% clay. The overall lowest RMSE were 0.8 % clay and 1.3 mg/kg avK contents.
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Dependence of Velocity of Electromagnetic Wave–Dielectric Permittivity–Two–componental Environments from...
Authors M.S. Sudakova and M.L. VladovMeasurements of kinematic characteristics of layered and disperse 2-componental contrast and non-contrast models using field GPR in vitro are produced. Graphics of dependence of velocity from composition of layered and disperse models are shown.
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A Method of Definition of Speed of Distribution
More LessDefinition of properties of unknown semispace - the important problem of geology. She dares on the basis of delay of the accepted signal. It is offered to use property of amplitude of a signal except delay. For this purpose it is necessary to know exact value of the accepted signal and on small factor of reflexion to define properties of environment.
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Application Electric Method HRES-IP to Explore Prospects North of West Siberia
Authors K.V. Tertyshnikov, A.S. Goryunov, D.L. Voronkov, V.V. Chernov and O.G. NesterovaElectric method on high-resolution technique to the measurement of electrical parameters induced polarization (HRES-IP) was conducted in Bolshekhetskaya depression in two stages: a regional and search (detail. The aim of the regional stage was to assess the geological conditions of performance of electrical work and assessment of the prospects of the detailed work HRES-IP on oil and gas fields within the Bolshekhetskaya depression. Result of electrical work at the two sites was identified promising targets. Subsequent joint analysis with the dynamic interpretation of seismic data allowed coinciding with the selected objects to the structural and lithologic traps screened in the Cretaceous.
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Substantiation of Oil and Gas Exploration Direction in the West Parts of Tomsk Region by Hydro–geological Data
More LessIt is considered information different groups of the hydro-geological criteria playing a key role at formation of water auras of dispersion of deposits of oil and gas. Features of structure of underground waters and brines Jurassic and Paleozoic adjournment of the western areas of the Tomsk region are studied. Features of a regional, zone hydrogeochemical background and hydrogeochemical anomalies are revealed. Statistical regularities of behaviour of the cores macro and microcells in waters of deposits are established. Basic hydro-geological models of productive layers are constructed and schemes of water auras of dispersion are offered. The zone and local oil anf gas forecast is given and the further direction of search works is proved.
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Application High-resolving Electrical Prospecting on the Pafcific Shelf of China
By A.G. NebratApplication High Resolution electrical Prospecting on the Pacific shelf of China A.G.Nebrat, "SOLITON" State Enterprise; V.V.Sochelnikov, Southern Branch of P.P.Shirshov Oceanological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The principal new technology of High Resolution Electromagnetic Survey, based on the new physical phenomenon that allows to get geoelectric time sections similar to those of seismics and distinguish direct effects from Deposits oil and gas. The main point of High Resolution Electromagnetic Survey usage is significant finances and time saving when using the method as forestall of seismic. The applied area is analysed by high-productive, mobil and substantially economic method.
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Sand Control Study and Assessing Suitability of Installing Expandable Sand Screens (ESS) in Comparison with IGP in Cased and Open Hole Wells in Mansou
Authors I. Oraki Kohshour, B. Habibnia and H. GhobadiWells are completed with cased-hole largely due to the requirement to achieve isolation, either at the time of completion or later in producing life. The compromise to productivity is offset by the ability to control water production isolate shale sections, or produce zones selectively. Expandable reservoir completions offer the ability to achieve the required isolation with open-hole productivity. It is reported that approximately 70% of the world oil and gas reserves are found in unconsolidated formations. Sand production is a phenomenon associated with drag forces induced by fluid flow through unconsolidated porous media. Consequently, there is a global interest in research and development for understanding the mechanisms, associated enhanced oil recovery, and sanding control. There are some unconsolidated reservoirs in Iran and sand production is a major dilemma facing operating oil and gas companies over years. The difficulty of determining whether or not sand control is required in a given well is compounded when the well is drilled in an area where there is little or no producing experience and where the various reservoir factors are slightly different from previously exploited regions. Even if the reservoir and formation properties are almost identical to other developments, the operating conditions and risks may be such that different strategies apply. Among the methods for preventing sand production, ESS Screens have already been successfully deployed for NISOC in both Ahwaz and Mansouri fields, with five systems installed in vertical cased hole wells between June 2003 and April 2004. All systems were successfully installed without incident, with well productivity in all cases far exceeding that previously achieved using internal gravel packs. More importantly, long term well performance has not deteriorated, with sand-free production being maintained at constant wellhead pressure, confirming ability of ESS Screens to provide long term sand retention integrity and substantial sustainable productivity gains compared to conventional gravel pack solutions. To fulfill the objectives established for this study, certain reservoir, well and production data gathered to assess efficiency of ESS compared to gravel packings.
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Particularities of Astrakhan Gas Field Deep Structure Resulting from Microseismic Sounding Technique Application
Authors A.V. Gorbatikov, M.Y. Stepanova, A.A. Tsukanov, S.L. Odintsov, O.V. Tinakin and A.Y. KomarovOn base of new passive seismic technique the deep structure of Astrakhan gas field was investigated. There was found a subvertical stock-type structure associated with the productive area sinking down to depths of at least 30-35 km. This structure was assumed to be a possible fluid conducting channel.
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Evaluation of Petrophysical and Petrographical Characterization of Asmary Formation–A Case Study in Southwest Iran
By H. AkhundiIn petroleum exploration and production, porosity, permeability and fractures are most important parameters petrophysical for the evaluation hydrocarbon reservoir. This study presents aims to investigate types and quality of porosity distribution, permeability, and effect of diagenetic processes on them by combining the result of core analysis, well logging and the study of thin section in two wells of Asmary formation. Also, fractures, diagenetic processes extention, types porosity, procedure permeability identification, of Asmari reservoir using velocity-deviation log. VDL is calculated by first converting porosity log data to a synthetic velocity log using the time-average equation of Wyllie. The difference between the real sonic log and the synthetic velocity log from porosity logs can be shown as a VDL. According, 6 types of porosity were recognized in the formation under investigation. We recognized that fracture porosity is among the most important factors that increase permeability and quality reservoir, by connecting the pores to each other. Oslo diagenetic processes have their influence in different intervals of reservoir. Dolomitization and Cementation are the most important factors in the increase and decrease of the Asmary reservoir quality respectively. This study showed that there are acceptable accordance between the results from the petrophysical and petrographica investigation.
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lntegrated Exploration Technologies and Results at Kara Sea Shallow Water Offshore
Authors V.V. Kolesov, G.L. Koryukin and P.Y. LegeydoStandard sesimic exploration only provides high success ratio in transient zones for shallow and seismically "bright" Senomanian deposits. Systematic trends in permafrost thickness damage structural maps transforming real anticlines into seismic structural noses. Non seismic methods must be added to improve understanding of hydrocarbon potential, especially in shallow water transient zones. DNME method of EM surveying provided a lot of geologically validated results. Surface geochemistry methodology allowing to minimize uncertainties and to predict new deposiits discussed. Integration of the technologies with seismic and geological data is considered as the main way to exploration success
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Chargeability of Quaternary Clay and its Interrelation with Presence of Oil and Gas in Mesozoic Sediments–West Siberia
Authors V.V. Olenchenko and D.V. NapreevResults of measurements of fast decaying induced polarization (IP) on Quaternary clay samples in comparison of the geochemical data executed on a site in Western Siberia are discussed. The higher clay chargeability was observed in zones with abnormal contents of aromatic hydrocarbons. Conclusions are made, that higher concentration of hydrocarbons in Quaternary clay and their abnormal chargeability can be attribute to oil-and-gas deposits at depth. It is supposed to use near-surface IP measurements for contouring the epigenetically changed rocks above deposits of hydrocarbons.
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Prospects for Discovery of New Hydrocarbon Deposits on the Yamal Shelf of the Kara Sea
More LessThe Kara Sea offshore reveals Yuzhno-Karskaya oil and gas bearing province (OGP) with proved commercial gas content of Cretaceous deposits and two oil and gas bearing prospects: Zapadno-Karskiy and Prinovozemelskiy. Oil and gas bearing areas have prospective zones of oil and gas accumulation related to swell-like and dome-like elevations. Analysis of geological structure and oil and gas accumulation conditions in West-Yamal offshore area allows to suppose that Yuzhno-Karskaya OGP,Zapadno-Karskiy and Prinovozemelskiy prospects have different stratigraphic intervals of location of the main HC resources. They differ by phase state as well
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Resultats of Regional Researches to Generalization Seismic Works and Drilling in Territory “Langepasneftegas” LTD.
Authors L.A. Zadoenko, I.I. Odnoshevnay and N.U. SidorovaTechniques of realization of activities and construction of the contour maps by different organizations results in discrepancies up to 60 мс, that considerably influences selfdescriptiveness of cards. As a result of realization of generalizing seismic works and the prospecting drillings were built summary cards on reflecting horizons A, Т, АВ1_3, БВ6, scheme of the lithofacies analysis АВ1_3 and БВ6, mapped perspective objects in different stratum levels, the guidelines on realization of further researches are given. The construction of unified geologic model, on the basis of quality shooting 3D, will allow to code opening-ups of perspective objects and allocation of prime zones for a bringing into development. Should to provide fulfilment of special techniques permitting to reveal nature of mapping in a record of a wave field change reservoir properties of a seam and to estimate emanation’s sataiation, different kinds of the dynamic analysis of a seismic record, realization of the attribute analysis on the basis of optimal of correlation relations between attributes of a seismic record and development survey parameters
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Technique to Identify Non-anticline Deposits of Hydrocarbons using Structural-formational Analysis
More LessIn the study and prediction of hydrocarbons in non-structural traps should be as close as possible to study in detail their internal structure, as well as the structure of the enclosing rocks. When predicting reservoir properties of the reservoir can not endure lithological characteristics of rocks, determined according to the logs for the entire range of the cut lateral. The investigated sediments may have fundamentally different nature of sedimentation and therefore different properties. To address this issue is necessary to use methods of structural-formational interpretation.
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Construction of the Geofiltrational Model of a Stone–earthen Dam Based on the Geophysical Data
Authors P.K. Konosavsky, K.V. Titov, M.A. Kostin, A.V. Vorob’eva and A.V. IsupovThe numerical filtration model of the stone-earthen dam is constructed as a result of the joint analysis of the self-potential electric fields, electrical and seismic tomography, and piezometric observations. The model allows to obtain a distribution of piezometric surface in the dam body and to predict the occurrence of erosion. This complex of geophysical methods may be recommended for continuous monitoring in the period of maximum strain on the dam
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Combine Use of Airborne Geophysical Methods to Constrain Geology
Authors J. Deparis, S. Rad, J. Perrin, G. Martelet, C. Truffert and P. NehligEnvironmental aspects constitute main issues for our modern society in many ways, by the exploitation of natural resources or the development of road infrastructure. Studies of subsurface, called also Regolith, are at the crossroad of new geological point of view. Among wide range of geophysical methods, airborne geophysical tools is a fast method for providing informations about the near surface. Two different methods are been used: spectral radiometry and the time domain electromagnetic (TDEM). Spectral radiometry data were collected throughout “Région Centre” with a line space of 1km. The EM data were collected throughout three local boxes with a line spacing of 0.4 km. The three sites present very different geological and topographical characteristics. We have compared geological map with the two different airborne geophysical data. The three maps are consistent and show the same general structures but smallest structures are different. It appears that a decrease of resistivity a given geological formation is correlated with an increase of rock alteration. Moreover lowest potassium content seems to indicate the areas of accumulation of colluvial deposit. The 3D structure can be study with the TDEM data in regards of the resistivity variations.
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Seismic Research of the Flooded Salt Mine
Authors I.Y. Gerasimova, I.A. Sanfirov, K.B. Fatkin and V.V. BelkinResults of the shallow seismic research interpretation for area between flooded and future salt mines on the south of the Upper Kama potash deposit are presented. Dynamic and velocity analysis gave opportunity for estimation of the flooding negative influence to salt massif in this area.
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Researches of a Top Beds by Gravity
By A.A. ChernovThe substantiations of application precision gravimetric surveys for detection and mapping of small and very small objects in feature of urban building are stated. The examples of realization of similar researches for the decision of very interesting tasks are given. The estimations of really achievable accuracy of measurements and interfering factors are given. The ways of increase of accuracy and stability by handicaps some gravimeters are described. The described features do gravity prospecting not only very cheap, but also most productive method. The recommendations for application and perfection of described techniques for the decision of engineering-geological and archeological tasks are given
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Landslides in the Region of Trabzon and Investigation with Geophysical Methods
Authors K. Gelisli, A.E. Babacan and N. DemirbasMass movements of soil and rocks rank first among natural disasters in Eastern Blacksea region. (Eastern Turkey). So far, a great number of mass movements have occurred in Trabzon and its region, causing fatalities and extensive damage. Landslides, the most common type of mass movement, are especially formed in periods of heavy rainfall and in sharp relief. It has a deep impact on the economic and social life of local people because it generates a lot of casualties and has negative effects on residential areas. For instance, the 1988 Çatak Landslide caused 63 deaths and destroyed 13 buildings. In this study, the distribution of local landslides, their causes and their effects on the natural environment, the vegetation, the economy and people have been researched. It has been concluded that weathering is the leading reason for the occurrence of local landslides. The importance of geophysics in landslide surveys has been investigated. Geophysical measurements enabled the identification of the structural properties of the surface, sliding surface and underground water situation, which cannot be determined from surface observations. Then, the types of movements on the slope and their mechanisms were identified, which helped to take preventive measures against sliding.
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Use of DC and FDEM Methods to Image the Quaternary Aquifer and Saltwater at Lüdingworth–Cuxhaven Area–Germany
Authors M. Attwa, T. Günther, M. Grinat and F. BinotGeophysical tools are routinely used to image the subsurface of the earth in support of geological, hydrogeological and environmental investigations. The Lüdingworth area has been studied geophysically in order to investigate the interaction of sedimentary structure and saltwater intrusion. In the area described in this abstract, DC measurements comprised 10 Schlumberger sounding points, two 2D geoelectrical profiles (Wenner beta and combining Wenner beta-Schlumberger) and a 3D imaging. Synthetic modeling was also conducted to interpret the inverted 2D profile and identify limitations of the resistivity technique. It established the resolvability of specific geological features within the glacial sequences. A 3D dipole-dipole complete set technique was carried out in 3D data collection. An FDEM profile was conducted as a fast alternative sounding method to image the glacial sediments and saltwater. The inverted data set results revealed that the subsurface resistivity distribution is highly heterogeneous. A near surface perched saltwater layer, as a result of flooding events, was detected above an interglacial Eemian clay layer. A second saltwater intrusion was imaged at a depth of about 60 m. The average depth and thickness of The Pleistocene aquifer is 20 m and 40 m, respectively.
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Exploration of a Copper Gold Porphyry Deposit with a Complex of Geophysical and Geochemical Methods
Authors A.V. Tarasov, S.N. Zakharov, K.I. Stepanov and V.A. TarasovIn this work we present some results of the joint interpretation of airborne magnetic survey and gamma-ray spectrometry with ground magnetic, induced polarization (IP) and geochemical survey applied to exploration of Chipchicon gold deposit in Burjatia Republic. The main goal of this investigation was to find out both the exposed and buried gold ore zones and to estimate their size using complex approach to interpretation of geochemical and geophysical data gained with various scale surveys. The gamma-ray spectrometry data were applied to mapping of areas of hydrothermal-metasomatic alteration that could be promising for revelation of a copper gold porphyry deposit. In the course of IP and magnetic data zoning some areas were distinguished that could be associated with vein-stockwerk, vein-impregnation and porphyry ore bodies. The results of 2-D inversion of IP tomography manifest the most obvious correlation to Au and Cu anomalies. As a result of the joint analysis of the geochemical and geophysical data some petrophysical and geochemical characteristics were marked out that could point to presence of a high-grade gold deposit.
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A Helmholtz Iterative Solver with Semi–analytical Preconditioner for Seismic Imaging and Inversion
Authors D.A. Neklyudov and V.A. TcheverdaWe propose a preconditioned iterative method for solving the Helmholtz equation in heterogeneous media. Our method is based on Krylov type linear solvers, similarly to several other iterative solver approaches. The distinctive feature of our method is the use of a right preconditioner, obtained as the solution of the Helmholtz equation in a 1D medium, where velocities vary only with depth. This preconditioner improves the convergence of the iterative solver for the initial heterogenous medium, and it is computed efficiently via FFT along the horizontal direction(s), followed by the numerical solution of a system of ordinary linear differential equations. We illustrate the properties of our method using a complex velocity model, and demonstrate in particular, propagation of signals without dispersion in the horizontal direction, and, a fast convergence rate for a wide band of temporal frequencies (from 2 Hz to 70 Hz).
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Crustal Seismic Attenuation Between East–European and Moesian Tectonic Plates–Romania
By A.C. StanciuThe study of spatial characteristics of seismic attenuation has been performed in the NW part of Dobrogea, between Trotus fault and Peceneaga – Camena fault, on the boundary between East-European and Moesian tectonic plates. This study is based on a number of 105 recordings of the K2 network, using the recordings derived from 16 seismic events generated in the range 3 - 20 km. An estimation of the attenuation factor Q was made in the mentioned area, obtaining a value of 488 for the crust.
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Numerical Simulation of Rayleigh Waves Interaction with Compact Deepened Velocity Heterogeneities
Authors A.A. Tsukanov, A.V. Gorbatikov and M.Y. StepanovaBasing on numerical simulation we suggested criteria of classification for big and small inclusions in comparison to surface Rayleigh wave length. The inclusions with size of 1.5-2 and more of wavelengths could be regarded as large ones since positions of their boundaries could be found precisely in the intensity pattern if the inclusions are exposed with Rayleigh waves from all sides. At such an exposure depth and lateral position of “focal points” of small heterogeneities (when size of heterogeneity is less than Fresnel zone) could also be defined precisely independently from the relation between the size and wave length, however the shape of the heterogeneity takes a form of a generalized cloud with size of about Fresnel zone. Two small heterogeneities begin to break up in the intensity pattern if distance between them constitutes 20% of sounding wave length or more.
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Stability and Reflectivity of M-PML for Anisotropic Elastic Media
Authors M.N. Dmitriev and V.V. LisitsaThis paper presents a detailed study of Multiaxial Perfectly Matched Layer which was designed to overcome PML’s instability caused by anisotropy. We prove that the higher tangential damping is the stronger the artificial reflections are. On the base of this research was proposed the algorithm to construct stabilization parameter in nearly optimal way.
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“Scattered Wave Energy” Attribute Application to Conceptual Oil Field Model Construction
Authors V.A. Pozdnyakov, N.B. Krasilnikova and A.A. AntonenkoAt the present time, the comprehensive approach to analysis of geological-geophysical information it is necessary criterion for oilfield research and exploration. This method of treatment and interpretation of well logging and seismic data attributes, allow find correlations between well logging attributes, local heterogeneity of wave mapping and other features of subsurface structures. The new seismic wave field attributes application, particularly “Scattered wave energy”, allow enhancing of method information value and estimating main features in high heterogeneity oilfields
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Numerical Simulation of Waves’ Propagation in the Elastic Media with Cavernous Collectors Typical for the East Siberia
Authors V.A. Tcheverda, V.G. Khaidukov, V.A. Pozdnyakov and V.V. ShilikovThe paper deals with numerical simulation of waves’ propagation within multiscale heterogeneous elastic media. Multiscale nature of the media is induced by the presence of areas filled with cavernous/fractures/cracks. Stability and order of approximation of the finite-difference schemes is analysed. The series of numerical experiments for typical geological model of East Siberia carbonate reservoirs is performed and analysed.
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Analysis and Probability Estimation of Geological Risks and Uncertainty in Preparing Oil and Gas Reserves
By O.S. KrasnovThe questions of probability character of exploration process for oil and gas fields are considered. It is shown that risks and uncertainties are an integral property of exploration. Therefore, under the conditions of market economics, an analysis and the probability estimation of risk and trustworthiness of decisions taken in preparing and developing the hydrocarbon resource base is of great importance. Such estimation can be received on the basis of a geological-mathematical model of probabilistic growing oil and gas reserves. The proposed approach of probability estimating the geological risks and uncertainties in preparing and developing oil and gas reserves is approved in a promising oil-gas area
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On the Distribution of Clay Minerals in Productive Series of Western Portion of South Caspian–Example Bulla–daniz
More LessClay in a structure of productive thickness of the Baku archipelago take a leading place and make 70 - 80 % of total amount of cuts. Here oil and gas deposits have been opened in analogues balahan and break retinues (V, VII, and VIII horizons on Karadagsky breakdown). The received results represent the big theoretical and practical interest. In difference of clays productive thickness of Apsheron archipelago in this structurally - facies zone involve attention wide circulation Na - Ñà of the cmectics. The maintenance of the smectics in colloidal fractions reaches 50 - 60 % in rare instances 70 % that gives to clay tyre covers high plasticity and considerably improves their shielding properties. Besides, in colloidal fractions of productive thickness of the Baku archipelago widespread low-temperature autogenous hydromica 1Ì and 1Ìd which is identified with occurrence of basal reflex d006 1,53À0. As minor differs kaolin in number of 10 - 15 % and dioctahedron chloride 3 - 5 %. Besides in clay tyre covers the Bottom - Kurinsky hollow and the Baku archipelago are established magnesia hydrosilicates - poligorskite and sepiolite, which presence proves to be true as according to the chemical analysis (maintenance ÌgÎ to 5 - 7 %) and on the electron-microscopic to pictures.
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Features of Lower Devonian Formation in the Coastal Zone of The Pechora Sea
Authors I.V. Rabei and S.L. Belyakov«Arcticshelfneftegaz» company has summarized the data upon 2D seismic works (land-sea) carried out by «Sevmorneftegeofizika-Centre» company. Summarizing has allowed characterizing for the first time a combination of sea and land structural elements, to study their structure and assess the prospects for oil and gas bearing capacities of the cross-section in connection with structural and tectonic features of Early Devonian conditions
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Role of Faults in Formation of HC Pools in Albian–cenomanian Intervals–North of West Siberia
More LessThe key issue of petroleum geology is the problem of generation and accumulation of recoverable oil and gas reserves. Faults and their role in these processes are of the utmost interest. This paper examines the influence of faults on generation of hydrocarbon deposits in the Albian-Cenomanian sequence in the north of West Siberia
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Distribution of Vendian Sandy Collectors in the Zone the Joint Baikit Anteclise and the Yenisei Range
Authors S.A. Moiseev, L.N. Konstantinova and M.I. RomanovThe researches have shown that the most important criterion at the forecast of collectors of the vendian terrigenous complex is the analysis of thickness and coefficient of sandy. On the established dependences of change of these two parametres taking into account definition of filtration and capacity properties of breeds, zones of distribution of quality of collectors in Nepa, Tira and Danilovo regional vendian horizons in a zone of a joint Baikit anteklise and the Yenisei range are allocated
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